High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), when released extracellularly, plays a pivotal role in the development of spinal cord synapses and exacerbates autoimmune diseases within the central nervous system. In experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a condition that models multiple sclerosis, the levels of extracellular HMGB1 and interleukin-33 (IL-33) have been found to be inversely correlated. However, the mechanism by which IL-33 deficiency enhances HMGB1 release during EAE remains elusive. Our study elucidates a potential signaling pathway whereby the absence of IL-33 leads to increased binding of P300/CBP-associated factor with HMGB1 in the nuclei of astrocytes, upregulating HMGB1 acetylation and promoting its release from astrocyte nuclei in the spinal cord of EAE mice. Conversely, the addition of IL-33 counteracts the TNF-α-induced increase in HMGB1 and acetylated HMGB1 levels in primary astrocytes. These findings underscore the potential of IL-33-associated signaling pathways as a therapeutic target for EAE treatment.
Animals ; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/metabolism* ; Astrocytes/metabolism* ; Interleukin-33/metabolism* ; HMGB1 Protein/metabolism* ; Acetylation ; Mice, Knockout ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; p300-CBP Transcription Factors/metabolism* ; Mice ; Spinal Cord/metabolism* ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; Signal Transduction

There is a large gap between production and demand of plant oil in China, which leads to the heavy reliance on imports. Diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) and phospholipid: diacylglycerol acyltransferase (PDAT) are two key enzymes responsible for the synthesis of triacylglycerol, thereby affecting the yield and quality of plant oil. This paper comprehensively reviews the research progress in DGAT and PDAT in terms of their biological functions in plant oil synthesis, the molecular mechanisms of regulating plant lipid metabolism, growth, and development under stress, and their roles in driving oil synthesis under the background of synthetic biology. Furthermore, future research and application of DGAT and PDAT are prospected. This review aims to provide a basis for deeply understanding the molecular mechanism of plant oil synthesis and improving the quality and productivity of oil crops by the utilization of DGAT and PDAT genes.
Diacylglycerol O-Acyltransferase/physiology* ; Plant Oils/metabolism* ; Acyltransferases/metabolism* ; Lipid Metabolism/genetics* ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Triglycerides/biosynthesis*

Objective:To construct an integrated early rehabilitation program for healthcare and rehabilitation system based on the information-motivation-behavioral skills (IMB) model and evaluate its application effect in patients treated with total hip arthroplasty (THA).Methods:Construction of the rehabilitation program: An integrated research team was established, composed of head burse of orthopedics, orthopedic nursing specialists, orthopedic surgeons, anesthesiologists, and rehabilitation therapists. Considering the key points of perioperative early rehabilitation of THA patients, an integrated early rehabilitation program was constructed based on the IMB model through literature review and expert panel method. Clinical application of the rehabilitation program: A retrospective cohort study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 100 THA patients admitted to Qingdao Municipal Hospital from March to December 2023, including 47 males and 53 females, aged 60-85 years [(69.8±5.5)years]. Patients were divided into two groups according to their admission time: 50 patients admitted from March to July 2023, receiving routine care (routine care group) and 50 admitted from August to December 2023, receiving intervention through an early rehabilitation program of an integrated healthcare and rehabilitation system based on routine care (integrated care group). The first postoperative ambulation time and length of hospital stay were compared between the two groups. The Harris hip function score was used to assess hip function in both groups at 3 days, 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively; the Barthel index was used to assess the daily living self-care capacity in both groups preoperatively, at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively. The incidence of complications within 6 months after surgery was compared between the two groups.Results:An early integrated rehabilitation program based on the IMB model comprised 25 specific measures of three domains: information support, motivational intervention, and behavioral skills. All the patients were followed up for 6 months. The first postoperative ambulation time and length of hospital stay in the integrated care group were (1.3±0.5)days and (7.4±2.3)days, shorter than (1.5±0.5)days and (8.5±2.3)days in the routine care group ( P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the Harris hip function scores at 3 days postoperatively or preoperative Barthel index between the two groups ( P>0.05). At 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively, the Harris hip function scores in the integrated care group were (80.3±6.0)points, (88.6±5.2)points, and (92.5±4.1)points, respectively, higher than (75.1±6.3)points, (84.2±5.7)points, and (88.0±5.2)points in the routine care group ( P<0.01); the Barthel index in the integrated care group were (79.2±8.7)points, (87.7±5.7)points, and (92.3±4.9)points, respectively, higher than (72.1±9.0)points, (83.5±6.6)points, and (88.6±5.0)points in the routine care group ( P<0.01). At 6 months postoperatively, the incidence of complications in the integrated care group was 4% (2/50), lower than 16% (8/50) in the routine care group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Compared with the routine care, an integrated early rehabilitation program for medical care and health based on the information-motivation-behavioral skills model for THA patients can shorten the first postoperative ambulation time and length of hospital stay, restore hip joint function, improve daily living self-care capacity and reduce the incidence of complications.

This article reports the diagnosis and treatment of a patient with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) initially manifested as acquired von Willebrand syndrome (AvWS), along with a literature review. The patient, a 22-year-old male, was diagnosed with hereditary von Willebrand disease at the initial stage due to repeated mucosal bleeding, and was later diagnosed with DLBCL (non germinal center type, Ann Arbor stage Ⅳ) due to chest wall mass. Through chemotherapy combined with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and zebutinib maintenance therapy, the patient achieved sustained complete remission, and the coagulation function returned to normal. This case provides an important reference for the diagnosis and treatment of lymphoma associated AvWS, and highlights the importance of early recognition of basic diseases.

Objective: To constructCSF1R+/-mice and to analyze their genotypes, so as to provide animal model basis for disease pathological mechanism and drug target. Methods : A linearized targeting vector was designed according to Cre/Loxp system. A Loxp site was inserted upstream of the 5th exon of theCSF1Rgene, and a neomycin resistance box with Loxp sites on both sides was inserted downstream of the 5th exon. The linearized targeting vector was electroporated into embryonic stem cells. The correctly targeted embryonic stem cells were injected into the blastocysts of C57BL/6J mice to obtain chimeric mice, which were bred with Zp3-Cre mice. The newborn mice were numbered 9-14 days after birth and their tails were cut. The DNA of the mice was extracted, and the genotype of the mice was identified by polymerase chain reaction and agarose gel electrophoresis. The expression of CSF1R in mouse macrophages was detected by flow cytometry. The expression of CSF1R in mouse tissues was detected by Western blot. Results: The results of agarose gel electrophoresis showed that 453 bp bands were amplified in wild type mice, and 453 bp and 650 bp bands were amplified in heterozygous mice. The results of flow cytometry showed that the expression of CSF1R in peritoneal macrophages and bone marrow-derived macrophages of CSF1R heterozygous mice was lower than that of WT group(P<0.05). The results of Western blot showed that the expression of CSF1R in spleen, kidney and brain tissue of CSF1R heterozygous group was lower than that of WT group(P<0.05). Conclusion CSF1R+/-mice are successfully constructed, reproduced and identified, which provides an animal model basis for further revealing the potential mechanism of CSF1R in immune regulation.

Objective:To construct an integrated early rehabilitation program for healthcare and rehabilitation system based on the information-motivation-behavioral skills (IMB) model and evaluate its application effect in patients treated with total hip arthroplasty (THA).Methods:Construction of the rehabilitation program: An integrated research team was established, composed of head burse of orthopedics, orthopedic nursing specialists, orthopedic surgeons, anesthesiologists, and rehabilitation therapists. Considering the key points of perioperative early rehabilitation of THA patients, an integrated early rehabilitation program was constructed based on the IMB model through literature review and expert panel method. Clinical application of the rehabilitation program: A retrospective cohort study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 100 THA patients admitted to Qingdao Municipal Hospital from March to December 2023, including 47 males and 53 females, aged 60-85 years [(69.8±5.5)years]. Patients were divided into two groups according to their admission time: 50 patients admitted from March to July 2023, receiving routine care (routine care group) and 50 admitted from August to December 2023, receiving intervention through an early rehabilitation program of an integrated healthcare and rehabilitation system based on routine care (integrated care group). The first postoperative ambulation time and length of hospital stay were compared between the two groups. The Harris hip function score was used to assess hip function in both groups at 3 days, 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively; the Barthel index was used to assess the daily living self-care capacity in both groups preoperatively, at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively. The incidence of complications within 6 months after surgery was compared between the two groups.Results:An early integrated rehabilitation program based on the IMB model comprised 25 specific measures of three domains: information support, motivational intervention, and behavioral skills. All the patients were followed up for 6 months. The first postoperative ambulation time and length of hospital stay in the integrated care group were (1.3±0.5)days and (7.4±2.3)days, shorter than (1.5±0.5)days and (8.5±2.3)days in the routine care group ( P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the Harris hip function scores at 3 days postoperatively or preoperative Barthel index between the two groups ( P>0.05). At 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively, the Harris hip function scores in the integrated care group were (80.3±6.0)points, (88.6±5.2)points, and (92.5±4.1)points, respectively, higher than (75.1±6.3)points, (84.2±5.7)points, and (88.0±5.2)points in the routine care group ( P<0.01); the Barthel index in the integrated care group were (79.2±8.7)points, (87.7±5.7)points, and (92.3±4.9)points, respectively, higher than (72.1±9.0)points, (83.5±6.6)points, and (88.6±5.0)points in the routine care group ( P<0.01). At 6 months postoperatively, the incidence of complications in the integrated care group was 4% (2/50), lower than 16% (8/50) in the routine care group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Compared with the routine care, an integrated early rehabilitation program for medical care and health based on the information-motivation-behavioral skills model for THA patients can shorten the first postoperative ambulation time and length of hospital stay, restore hip joint function, improve daily living self-care capacity and reduce the incidence of complications.

This article reports the diagnosis and treatment of a patient with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) initially manifested as acquired von Willebrand syndrome (AvWS), along with a literature review. The patient, a 22-year-old male, was diagnosed with hereditary von Willebrand disease at the initial stage due to repeated mucosal bleeding, and was later diagnosed with DLBCL (non germinal center type, Ann Arbor stage Ⅳ) due to chest wall mass. Through chemotherapy combined with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and zebutinib maintenance therapy, the patient achieved sustained complete remission, and the coagulation function returned to normal. This case provides an important reference for the diagnosis and treatment of lymphoma associated AvWS, and highlights the importance of early recognition of basic diseases.

Objective To explore the protective effect and mechanism of modified Buyang Huanwu Decoction and Shenqi Dihuang Decoction on diabetic kidney disease(DKD)mice based on the regulation of VEGF-C/VEGFR3 pathway inhibiting lymphangiogenesis.Methods Twenty-four male db/db mice were randomly divided into model group,Chinese medicine group(modified Buyang Huanwu Decoction combined with Shenqi Dihuang Decoction,crude drug 24.44 g·kg-1)and western medicine group(Irbesartan,13.5 mg·kg-1),with eight mice in each group.Eight db/m mice were selected as control group.Intragastric administration was given once a day for 12 consecutive weeks.Fasting blood glucose(FBG),total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),urinary albumin/creatinine ratio(ACR)and kidney index were measured.The pathological changes of renal tissue were observed by HE and Masson staining.The expressions of fibronectin(FN),type I collagen(Col I),Vimentin,α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA),transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1),vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3(VEGFR3),vascular endothelial growth factor-C(VEGF-C),lymphatic endothelial hyaluronic acid receptor 1(LYVE-1),podoplanin(PDPN),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin-1β(IL-1β)in renal tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry.The protein expressions of Col I,Vimentin,α-SMA,TGF-β1,VEGFR3,VEGF-C,LYVE-1,TNF-α and IL-1β in renal tissue were detected by Western Blot.The mRNA expressions of FN,Col I,TGF-β1,VEGF-C,VEGFR3,TNF-α and IL-1β in renal tissue were detected by Real-time PCR.Results Compared with the control group,the levels of serum FBG,TG,TC,ACR and kidney index in the model group were significantly increased(P＜0.05).Glomerular hypertrophy,mesangial matrix increased,basement membrane thickening,cystic cavity narrowing,renal tubular epithelial cell degeneration and necrosis,interstitial infiltration of a large number of inflammatory cells,renal tubular atrophy;the level of renal fibrosis was significantly increased(P＜0.05).The protein expressions of FN,Col I,Vimentin,α-SMA,TGF-β1,VEGFR3,LYVE-1,TNF-α,IL-1β in renal interstitium,the expression of VEGF-C protein in cytoplasm and the expression of VEGFR3 and PDPN protein around renal tubular capillaries were significantly up-regulated(P＜0.05).The protein expressions of Col I,Vimentin,α-SMA,TGF-β1,VEGFR3,VEGF-C,LYVE-1,TNF-α and IL-1β in renal tissue were significantly up-regulated(P＜0.05).The mRNA expression levels of FN,Col I,TGF-β1,VEGF-C,VEGFR3,TNF-α and IL-1β in renal tissue were significantly increased(P＜0.05).Compared with the model group,the levels of serum TG,TC and ACR in the Chinese medicine group were significantly decreased(P＜0.05).Renal tissue injury was improved to varying degrees,renal inflammatory cell infiltration was reduced to a certain extent,and renal tissue fibrosis was significantly reduced(P＜0.05).The protein expressions of FN,Col I,Vimentin,α-SMA,TGF-β1,VEGFR3,LYVE-1,TNF-α,IL-1β in renal interstitium,the protein expression of VEGF-C in cytoplasm and the protein expressions of VEGFR3 and PDPN around renal tubular capillaries were significantly down-regulated(P＜0.05).The protein expressions of Col I,Vimentin,α-SMA,TGF-β1,VEGFR3,VEGF-C,LYVE-1,TNF-α and IL-1β in renal tissue were significantly down-regulated(P＜0.05).The mRNA expression levels of FN,Col I,TGF-β1,VEGF-C,VEGFR3,TNF-α and IL-1β in renal tissue were significantly decreased(P＜0.05).Conclusion Modified Buyang Huanwu Decoction combined with Shenqi Dihuang Decoction can reduce the level of inflammation and fibrosis in renal tissue of DKD mice,and its mechanism may be related to the regulation of VEGF-C/VEGFR3 pathway to inhibit lymphangiogenesis.

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of the modified vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap in repairing the skin and soft tissue defect after abdominoperineal resection for rectal cancer.Methods:This study was a retrospective observational study. From June 2019 to July 2022, five male patients with low rectal cancer who were conformed to the inclusion criteria were admitted to the Department of Basic Surgery of Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, with ages ranging from 65 to 70 years and the sizes of the perianal skin ulcers ranging from 5 cm×4 cm to 11 cm×9 cm, and all of them underwent abdominoperineal resection. The secondary skin and soft tissue defects in the perineum with an area of 8 cm×6 cm-14 cm×12 cm (with the depth of pelvic floor dead space being 10-15 cm) were repaired intraoperatively with transplantation of modified vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous flaps with the skin area being 9 cm×7 cm-16 cm×12 cm, the volume of the muscle being 18 cm×10 cm×5 cm-20 cm×12 cm×5 cm, and the vessel pedicle being 18-20 cm in length. During the operation, most of the anterior sheath of the rectus abdominis muscle was retained, the flap was transferred to the recipient area through the abdominal cavity, the remaining anterior sheaths of the rectus abdominis muscle on both sides of the donor area were repeatedly folded and sutured, the free edge of the transverse fascia of the abdomen was sutured with the anterior sheath of the rectus abdominis muscle, and the donor area skin was directly sutured. After the operation, the survival of the transplanted myocutaneous flap was observed. The occurrence of complications in the perineal recipient area was recorded within 2 weeks after the operation. The recovery of the perineal recipient area and the abdominal donor area was observed during follow-up, and the occurrence of complications in the donor area of the abdomen as well as the recurrence of tumors and metastasis were recorded.Results:All transplanted myocutaneous flaps in 5 patients survived after surgery. One patient had dehiscence of the incision in the perineal recipient area 2 days after surgery, which healed after 7 d with intermittent dressing changes and routine vacuum sealing drainage treatment. In the other 4 patients, no complications such as incisional rupture, incisional infection, or fat liquefaction occurred in the perineal recipient area within 2 weeks after surgery. Follow-up for 6-12 months after discharge showed that the skin of the perineal recipient area had good color, texture, and elasticity, and was not bloated in appearance; linear scars were left in the perineal recipient area and the abdominal donor area without obvious scar hyperplasia or hyperpigmentation; no complications such as incisional rupture, incisional infection, intestinal adhesion, intestinal obstruction, or weakening of the abdominal wall strength occurred in the abdominal donor area, and the abdominal appearance was good with no localized bulge or formation of abdominal hernia; there was no local recurrence of tumor or metastasis in any patient.Conclusions:The surgical approach of using the modified vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap to repair the skin and soft tissue defects after abdominoperineal resection for rectal cancer is relatively simple in operation, can achieve good postoperative appearances of the donor and recipient areas with few complications, and is worthy of clinical promotion.

Objective To analyze the onset characteristics of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with cognitive impairment in Baotou area, and study the improvement effect of GLP-1 receptor agonists. Methods A total of 320 patients with T2DM admitted between September 2021 and September 2022 were selected and divided into the observation group with T2DM and cognitive dysfunction and the negative control group without cognitive dysfunction according to their cognitive function status , Among the 160 cases in each group; Patients with type 2 diabetes and cognitive impairment were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group, 80 cases in each group; the control group was treated with conventional treatment, and the treatment group was additionally treated with semaglutide; Logistics multiple regression model was used to analyze T2DM The related risk factors of cognitive impairment in patients were assessed by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score to evaluate the cognitive function of the patients. Results Multivariate regression model showed that course of disease, age, vitamin D, HbA1c, LDL-C, BMI, Hcy, Lp-PLA2, TNF-α, IL-6 and folic acid levels were also independent risk factors for cognitive impairment in T2DM patients (P<0.05); There was a significant positive correlation between GLP-1 receptor agonists and cognitive function recovery in T2DM patients with cognitive impairment (P<0.05). Conclusion The onset of T2DM with cognitive impairment in Baotou area is often accompanied by a long course of disease, older age, abnormal levels of vitamin D, HbA1c, LDL-C, BMI, Hcy, Lp-PLA2, TNF-α, IL-6 and folic acid, and GLP -1 receptor agonists have a clear role in improving the cognitive function of patients.