Objective:To systematically evaluate the qualitative study on real experiences of HIV/AIDS adolescents transitioning to adult healthcare.Methods:The qualitative research on the real experiences of HIV/AIDS adolescents transitioning to adult healthcare was electronically searched in PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, VIP, and China Biology Medicine disc. The search period was from January 1, 2010, to November 5, 2024. The methodological quality of the included literature was evaluated according to the Joanna Briggs Institute Center for Evidence-Based Health Care Quality Assessment Criteria for Qualitative Research. The results were synthesized through the aggregate integration method.Results:A total of 11 articles were included, 52 outcomes were distilled, and similar outcomes were grouped into nine new categories, which were synthesized to form three integrative outcomes (attitudes toward transitioning to adult healthcare, multiple dilemmas faced in transitioning to adult healthcare, and need for comprehensive support during transition to adult healthcare) .Conclusions:HIV/AIDS adolescents have complex attitudes about transitioning to adult healthcare and face multifaceted challenges in the transition process. Healthcare professionals should pay attention to the real experiences of adolescents during the transition period and work with parents and peers to provide holistic support, and meet the diverse needs of adolescents.

Objective To investigate the expression of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) in thymic T follicular helper cells (TFH) and its significance in patients with myasthenia gravis (MG). Methods Fifteen MG patients who underwent surgical treatment at the Myasthenia Gravis Comprehensive Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Henan Provincial People’s Hospital from June 2022 to June 2023 were selected as a MG group, including 7 males and 8 females, aged 12-30 years. Twelve patients who underwent partial thymectomy to optimize surgical field exposure during cardiac surgery at Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital from June 2022 to June 2023 were selected as a control group, including 5 males and 7 females aged 20-35 years. Thymus single cell suspension was obtained by grinding the thymus tissue, and flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of α7nAChR in TFH cells. The thymus cell suspension was purified using density gradient centrifugation, followed by immunomagnetic bead separation to obtain CD4+T cells. CXCR5 antibody and coupled magnetic beads were added to isolate TFH cells. Real-time fluorescent polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were performed to further investigate the expression of α7nAChR in TFH cells. Results Compared with the control group, the proportion of thymic TFH cells in the MG group was significantly increased (P<0.05), along with significantly decreased mRNA and protein expression levels of α7nAChR within these cells (P<0.01). Conclusion The findings suggest that there is a reduced expression of α7nAChR within thymic TFH cells in MG patients, leading to weakened immunosuppressive function which may indirectly contribute to disease onset and progression.

Objective:To systematically evaluate the qualitative study on real experiences of HIV/AIDS adolescents transitioning to adult healthcare.Methods:The qualitative research on the real experiences of HIV/AIDS adolescents transitioning to adult healthcare was electronically searched in PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, VIP, and China Biology Medicine disc. The search period was from January 1, 2010, to November 5, 2024. The methodological quality of the included literature was evaluated according to the Joanna Briggs Institute Center for Evidence-Based Health Care Quality Assessment Criteria for Qualitative Research. The results were synthesized through the aggregate integration method.Results:A total of 11 articles were included, 52 outcomes were distilled, and similar outcomes were grouped into nine new categories, which were synthesized to form three integrative outcomes (attitudes toward transitioning to adult healthcare, multiple dilemmas faced in transitioning to adult healthcare, and need for comprehensive support during transition to adult healthcare) .Conclusions:HIV/AIDS adolescents have complex attitudes about transitioning to adult healthcare and face multifaceted challenges in the transition process. Healthcare professionals should pay attention to the real experiences of adolescents during the transition period and work with parents and peers to provide holistic support, and meet the diverse needs of adolescents.

Objective:To systematically integrate the real experience of professional caregivers in the medical transition of adolescents with chronic diseases.Methods:Computerized searches were conducted in databases including Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, VIP, and China Biology Medicine disc for qualitative studies on the real experience of professional caregivers involved in the medical transition of adolescents with chronic diseases. The search timeframe was from the inception of the database until September 11, 2024. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the criteria for evaluating the qualitative research quality of the Australia Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence-Based Health Care Centre. Meta-synthesis was employed to synthesize the results.Results:A total of ten studies were included, yielding 42 research results that were categorized into 11 themes. The final integrated findings were divided into three categories: professional caregivers' attitudes towards medical transition, barriers to medical transition for adolescents with chronic diseases, and factors facilitating medical transition for adolescents with chronic diseases.Conclusions:Professional caregivers' attitudes towards the medical transition of adolescents with chronic diseases are complex, with a perception of various barriers to the transition. It is essential for healthcare administrators to pay attention to these issues and implement targeted interventions. Furthermore, improving the transition service process will support adolescents in making a smooth and successful transition to the adult healthcare system.

Objective:To systematically integrate the real experience of professional caregivers in the medical transition of adolescents with chronic diseases.Methods:Computerized searches were conducted in databases including Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, VIP, and China Biology Medicine disc for qualitative studies on the real experience of professional caregivers involved in the medical transition of adolescents with chronic diseases. The search timeframe was from the inception of the database until September 11, 2024. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the criteria for evaluating the qualitative research quality of the Australia Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence-Based Health Care Centre. Meta-synthesis was employed to synthesize the results.Results:A total of ten studies were included, yielding 42 research results that were categorized into 11 themes. The final integrated findings were divided into three categories: professional caregivers' attitudes towards medical transition, barriers to medical transition for adolescents with chronic diseases, and factors facilitating medical transition for adolescents with chronic diseases.Conclusions:Professional caregivers' attitudes towards the medical transition of adolescents with chronic diseases are complex, with a perception of various barriers to the transition. It is essential for healthcare administrators to pay attention to these issues and implement targeted interventions. Furthermore, improving the transition service process will support adolescents in making a smooth and successful transition to the adult healthcare system.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between adverse events and antiplatelet drug resistance after neurovascular intervention for cerebrovascular stenosis.Methods:A total of 148 patients with cerebrovascular stenosis who underwent neurovascular intervention at Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine from January 2020 to December 2020 were included in this study. The platelet function of patients before and 24 hours after antiplatelet drug treatment was recorded. Platelet drug resistance was analyzed. At 3, 6 months, and 1 year after neurovascular intervention, adverse events were recorded through follow-up. The patients were divided into the occurrence group and the non-occurrence group according to whether adverse events occurred or not using the case-control study method. The Spearman correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between adverse events and antiplatelet drug resistance after neurovascular intervention for cerebrovascular stenosis.Results:After 1 year of follow-up, among the 148 patients, 29 patients lost their follow-up, and 119 were included in the final analysis. Of the 119 patients, 41 patients had adverse events and 78 patients had no adverse events. In the occurrence group, the expression levels of platelet membrane glycoprotein P-selectin and platelet activating complex were (20.22 ± 6.33)% and (68.80 ± 11.52)%, respectively, before drug treatment, and they were (15.77 ± 4.12)% and (43.19 ± 5.90%)%, respectively, after drug treatment, all of which were significantly higher than those in the non-occurrence group [before drug treatment: (16.85 ± 3.24)%, (62.34 ± 10.77)%, after drug treatment: (8.31 ± 2.97)%, (35.85 ± 5.14)%] (before drug treatment: t = 3.20, 2.97, both P < 0.05; after drug treatment: t = 10.28, 6.74, both P < 0.05). The incidences of aspirin resistance and clopidogrel resistance in the occurrence group were 51.2% (21/41) and 43.9% (20/41), respectively, which were significantly higher than 26.9% (8/78) and 19.2% (9/78) in the non-occurrence group ( χ2 = 24.47, 20.23, both P < 0.001). Spearman correlation analysis showed that both aspirin resistance and clopidogrel resistance were moderately positively correlated with adverse events after neurovascular intervention ( r = 0.45, 0.41, both P < 0.05). Conclusion:Adverse events after neurovascular intervention are moderately positively correlated with resistance to the antiplatelet drugs aspirin and clopidogrel.

Malnutrition in liver cirrhosis is associated with ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, infection, and other complications even death. To date, the hazard and disease burden of malnutrition in cirrhosis patients have been severely underestimated. This review summarized the most recent advancement in the field and discussed the techniques and methodologies in detection and evaluation of malnutrition in cirrhosis patients, nutritional support therapy, and future research directions and clinical care of the patients.

Amplifying "eat me signal" during tumor immunogenic cell death (ICD) cascade is crucial for tumor immunotherapy. Inspired by the indispensable role of adenosine triphosphate (ATP, a necessary "eat me signal" for ICD), a versatile ICD amplifier was developed for chemotherapy-sensitized immunotherapy. Doxorubicin (DOX), ATP and ferrous ions (Fe²⁺) were co-assembled into nanosized amplifier (ADO-Fe) through π‒π stacking and coordination effect. Meanwhile, phenylboric acid-polyethylene glycol-phenylboric acid (PBA-PEG-PBA) was modified on the surface of ADO-Fe (denoted as PADO-Fe) by the virtue of d-ribose unit of ATP. PADO-Fe could display active targetability against tumor cells via sialic acid/PBA interaction. In acidic microenvironment, PBA-PEG-PBA would dissociate from amplifier. Moreover, high H₂O₂ concentration would induce hydroxyl radical (·OH) and oxygen (O₂) generation through Fenton reaction by Fe²⁺. DOX and ATP would be released from the amplifier, which could induce ICD effect and "ICD adjuvant" to amplify this process. Together with programmed death ligands 1 (PD-L1) checkpoint blockade immunotherapy, PADO-Fe could not only activate immune response against primary tumor, but also strong abscopal effect against distant tumor. Our simple and multifunctional ICD amplifier opens a new window for enhancing ICD effect and immune checkpoint blockade therapy.