ObjectiveTo investigate the regulatory effect of overexpressed protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 2 （Ptpn2） on the inflammatory response of mouse alveolar macrophages （MH-S） induced by SiO₂. MethodsCells with overexpressed Ptpn2 were constructed and induced by SiO₂. The experimental groups were divided into four groups： the negative control group with an empty vector （NC）， the overexpressed Ptpn2 group （P）， the negative control group with an empty vector + SiO₂ induction （NS）， and the overexpressed Ptpn2 + SiO₂ induction group （PS）. Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification （iTRAQ） combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry （LC-MS/MS） were used to screen differential proteins， followed by Gene Ontology （GO） and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） database analyses. Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the expressions of Tumor necrosis factor （TNF） α， Gasdermin D （GSDMD）， and Transforming growth factor （TGF）-β1. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression levels of PTPN2， Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4）， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 （NLRP3）， and proteins related to the TGF-β1 signaling pathway in the cells of each group. ResultsiTRAQ results identified 144 differential proteins among the four groups. GO analysis showed that in biological processes （BP）， these differential proteins were mainly enriched in IκB kinase/nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB） signaling， cell activation and signal transduction involved in immune responses， and regulation of receptor signaling pathways by signal transducer and activator of transcription （STAT）， etc. KEGG analysis revealed that the differential proteins were mainly enriched in Toll-like receptor signaling pathway， NF-κB signaling pathway， NOD-like receptor signaling pathway， TGF-β signaling pathway， and TNF signaling pathway. The results of immunofluorescence staining showed that compared with the NC group， the expressions of TNF α， GSDMD， and TGF-β1 in the cells of the NS group increased （P < 0.05）； compared to the NS group， the expression of the aforementioned proteins in the PS group decreased in cellular proteins（P < 0.05）. The results of Western blot showed that compared with the NC group， the protein expression levels of PTPN2， p-NF-κB，MyD88，TLR4，NLRP3，GSDMD，Caspase-1，IL-1β， TGF-βR1， TGF-βR，p-Smad2/3 in the NS group were significantly upregulated （P < 0.05）； compared with the NS group， the expression levels of the aforementioned proteins in the PS group were significantly downregulated （P < 0.05）. ConclusionOverexpression of Ptpn2 can inhibit the protein expressions of TLR4-TNF-α signaling， NLRP3 signaling， and TGF-β1 signaling closely related to inflammatory response in SiO₂-mediated MH-S macrophages.

ObjectiveBased on a new method for animal model evaluation， this study aims to analyze the characteristics of diseases and syndromes of existing animal models of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder （ADHD） from both traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and western medical perspectives and propose suggestions for improvement. MethodsA systematic search of the China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI） and PubMed was conducted for literature on ADHD animal models. According to TCM and western medical diagnostic criteria， core and accompanying symptoms of the models were assigned with scores to comprehensively evaluate the clinical consistency. ResultsThe selection of experimental animals for ADHD models primarily involved rodents， with modeling methods including genetic， chemical induction， and environmental induction. The average consistency of clinical diseases and syndromes with TCM and western medicine was 45.19% and 49.42%， respectively. The spontaneously hypertensive （SHR） rats and nicotine/smoking models had the highest consistency with TCM， while the social isolation models had the highest consistency with western medicine. Most models were guided by western medicine theories， which can meet the surface validity and structural validity requirements of western medicine but lacked precise differentiation of TCM syndromes. ConclusionExisting ADHD animal models primarily focus on a single genotype or environmental factor， lacking comprehensive consideration of multigenic interactions and environmental factors. Moreover， the selection of model evaluation indicators is relatively singular， primarily focusing on "disease" indicators， while TCM "syndrome" indicators have not been fully considered. It is recommended to introduce a "formula-to-syndrome" approach in the preparation of TCM models for ADHD and establish and improve an evaluation system of animal models combining diseases and syndromes， so as to provide a solid foundation for future experimental research.

ObjectiveBased on a new method for animal model evaluation， this study aims to analyze the characteristics of diseases and syndromes of existing animal models of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder （ADHD） from both traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and western medical perspectives and propose suggestions for improvement. MethodsA systematic search of the China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI） and PubMed was conducted for literature on ADHD animal models. According to TCM and western medical diagnostic criteria， core and accompanying symptoms of the models were assigned with scores to comprehensively evaluate the clinical consistency. ResultsThe selection of experimental animals for ADHD models primarily involved rodents， with modeling methods including genetic， chemical induction， and environmental induction. The average consistency of clinical diseases and syndromes with TCM and western medicine was 45.19% and 49.42%， respectively. The spontaneously hypertensive （SHR） rats and nicotine/smoking models had the highest consistency with TCM， while the social isolation models had the highest consistency with western medicine. Most models were guided by western medicine theories， which can meet the surface validity and structural validity requirements of western medicine but lacked precise differentiation of TCM syndromes. ConclusionExisting ADHD animal models primarily focus on a single genotype or environmental factor， lacking comprehensive consideration of multigenic interactions and environmental factors. Moreover， the selection of model evaluation indicators is relatively singular， primarily focusing on "disease" indicators， while TCM "syndrome" indicators have not been fully considered. It is recommended to introduce a "formula-to-syndrome" approach in the preparation of TCM models for ADHD and establish and improve an evaluation system of animal models combining diseases and syndromes， so as to provide a solid foundation for future experimental research.

Objective lt aims to identify key issues in the current informatization development of internal control over revenue and expenditure in public hospitals.The findings are intended to serve as a reference for deepening this informatization effort.Methods Following the steps and requirements of content analysis method,it involved a semi-quantitative analysis of policies and expert interviews to establish an analytical framework.Two researchers uti-lized NVivo 15 software to analyze the policy and articles.The analysis results were quantified statistically,and key is-sues were summarized.Results lt developed a content analysis framework comprising 5 primary categories and 17 secondary categories.Based on this framework,326 analytical units extracted from 81 articles were categorized and statistically analyzed.Key problems corresponding to each secondary category were summarized.Conclusion To ad-dress five key issues,it proposes a five-dimensional solution including:building a digital foundation to integrate busi-ness systems;establishing a Master Data Management platform to dismantle data silos;developing flexible ap-proval mechanismsfor medical emergencies;deploying an Al risk control hub for precise payment interception,and implementing zero-trust architecture to enhance e-bill anti-counterfeiting-ultimately forming a business-finance-in-tegrated,data-and-Al-driven,proactively secured internal control system covering budget formulation to fund su-pervision.

Postoperative infection of internal fixation of closed fractures the lower limbs in adults represents a devastating complication, characterized by diagnostic challenges, prolonged treatment duration and high disability rates. Current management of these infections faces multiple challenges, such as difficulties in early accurate diagnosis, and various controversies about the treatment plan, leading to poor overall diagnosis and treatment results. To address these issues, based on evidence-based medicine and principles with emphasis on scientific rigor, clinical applicability and innovation, the Trauma Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, Orthopedic Branch of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association, Orthopedics Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, and Trauma Orthopedics and Polytrauma Group of the Resuscitation and Emergency Committee of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association have collaboratively organized a panel of relevant experts to develop the Guideline for diagnosis and treatment of infection after internal fixation of closed lower limb fractures in adults ( version 2025). The guideline proposed 10 recommendations, aiming to provide a foundation for standardized diagnosis and treatment of postoperative infection in adults with closed lower limb fractures.

Objective To explore the application selection and clinical effects of different vascular recanalization techniques in acute ischemic stroke with large artery occlusion(AIS-LVO)induced by anterior circulation intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis(ICAS).Methods Retrospectively,156 AIS-LVO patients caused by anterior circulation ICAS,who were admitted to Xuzhou Central Hospital from January 2022 to September 2024,were included.The patients were divided into three groups according to the surgical methods.The baseline data,endovascular treatment related data,postoperative efficacy and safety indicators of patients were analyzed statistically.The influencing factors of prognosis were analyzed usinga multi-factor Logistic regression model.Results The final enrollment result was 70 patients in thrombectomy-only group,48 patients in thrombectomy combined with balloon dilation group,and 38 patients in thrombectomy combined with stenting group.There was a statistically significant difference in the proportion of hyperlipidemia among the three groups before treatment(P＜0.05).However,further analysis revealed that there was no difference between any two groups.The time from puncture to recanalization in the thrombectomy-only group was significantly lower than that in the other two groups(all P＜0.05).After treatment,the restenosis rate in the thrombectomy combined with stenting group was significantly lower than the other two groups,while the intracerebral hemorrhage rate was significantly higher(all P＜0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the NIHSS score at admission was an independent risk factor for prognosis(OR=2.780,95％CI:1.212-6.374,P=0.016).Conclusion For AIS-LVO induced by anterior circulation ICAS,salvage balloon dilation or stenting after thrombectomy alone is safe and effective,resulting in a good prognosis for most patients and a reduced rate of restenosis.

Objective To compare the stress difference of the resin with different thicknesses in the screw access hole using three-dimensional finite element method.Methods A three-dimensional finite element model of the implant at the site of the mandibular first molar was established by computer aided design(CAD)software.A static load of 200 N was applied to the resin models with different thicknesses(1,2,3,4,5 mm)to analyze the effect of thickness on the von Mises stress and shear stress of the resin.Results In a certain range,the maximum von Mises stress and the maximum shear stress of the resin decreased with the increase of the thickness.At the thickness of 1mm,the maximum von Mises stress and shear stress of the resin were 23.85 MPa and 11.82 MPa,respectively.When the thickness was 2 mm,the maximum von Mises stress and shear stress of the resin were 18.75 MPa and 9.73 MPa respectively.At the thickness of 3 mm,the maximum von Mises stress and shear stress of the resin were 17.46 MPa and 9.04 MPa,respectively.When the thickness of the resin was more than 3 mm,the stress on it was in a stable level trend.When the thickness was 4 mm,the maximum von Mises stress and shear stress of the resin were 17.38 MPa and 9.04 MPa,respectively.When the thickness was 5 mm,the maxi-mum von Mises stress and maximum shear stress of the resin were 17.18 MPa and 8.85 MPa,respectively.Conclusion When the res-in reaches a certain thickness,the stress is small and stable.This study provides a new design strategy for reducing the complications after implant restoration caused by stress fatigue of the resin.

Objective To compare the stress difference of the resin with different thicknesses in the screw access hole using three-dimensional finite element method.Methods A three-dimensional finite element model of the implant at the site of the mandibular first molar was established by computer aided design(CAD)software.A static load of 200 N was applied to the resin models with different thicknesses(1,2,3,4,5 mm)to analyze the effect of thickness on the von Mises stress and shear stress of the resin.Results In a certain range,the maximum von Mises stress and the maximum shear stress of the resin decreased with the increase of the thickness.At the thickness of 1mm,the maximum von Mises stress and shear stress of the resin were 23.85 MPa and 11.82 MPa,respectively.When the thickness was 2 mm,the maximum von Mises stress and shear stress of the resin were 18.75 MPa and 9.73 MPa respectively.At the thickness of 3 mm,the maximum von Mises stress and shear stress of the resin were 17.46 MPa and 9.04 MPa,respectively.When the thickness of the resin was more than 3 mm,the stress on it was in a stable level trend.When the thickness was 4 mm,the maximum von Mises stress and shear stress of the resin were 17.38 MPa and 9.04 MPa,respectively.When the thickness was 5 mm,the maxi-mum von Mises stress and maximum shear stress of the resin were 17.18 MPa and 8.85 MPa,respectively.Conclusion When the res-in reaches a certain thickness,the stress is small and stable.This study provides a new design strategy for reducing the complications after implant restoration caused by stress fatigue of the resin.

Objective To compare the differences in stress on maxillary anterior implants and labial cortical bone under varying thicknesses of palatal bone plates through three-dimensional finite element analysis.Methods Using CBCT scan data and finite ele-ment software,a three-dimensional finite element model of maxillary central incisor implant restoration was constructed.The thickness of the palatal bone plate at the cervical region of the implant was set to 0,0.5,1.0 mm,respectively.The effects of different palatal bone plate thicknesses on the equivalent stress of the implant and the minimum principal stress(compressive stress)of the labial corti-cal bone under normal occlusal conditions were simulated.Results Under normal occlusion,when the palatal cervical bone plate thickness was 0,0.5,1.0 mm,the maximum equivalent stress of the implant was consistently located at the midline of the labial cervi-cal region at the implant-abutment interface,with values of 106.8,103.5,99.71 MPa,respectively.Meanwhile,the minimum princi-pal stress of the cortical bone appeared at the alveolar crest at the junction of the implant-abutment and labial alveolar bone,measuring 107.8,103.2,95.55 MPa,respectively.The results indicated that as the palatal cervical bone plate thickness decreased,both the maximum equivalent stress of the implant and the minimum principal stress of the labial cortical bone exhibited an increasing trend,though they remained below their respective yield strengths.Conclusion From a biomechanical perspective,maxillary anterior implant restoration remains feasible even when the thickness of the palatal bone plate at the cervical region of the implant is 0 mm.

BackgroundAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder （ADHD） is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by age-inappropriate inattention， excessive activities incongruous with setting， and emotional impulsivity. Subthreshold ADHD （sADHD） is clinically defined as the presence of ADHD symptoms that do not meet the full diagnostic criteria for ADHD. Children with sADHD exhibit deficits in executive function， demonstrate more conduct， learning， and anxiety-related problems compared to typically developing children， and show even poorer working memory performance than children diagnosed with ADHD. Currently， there is limited epidemiological research on sADHD in China， with few studies simultaneously investigating the prevalence of both ADHD and sADHD in children. ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of ADHD and sADHD among children aged 6–13 years in Chongqing， analyzing their distribution characteristics within this population， with the aim of providing references for developing preventive measures against both ADHD and sADHD. MethodsFrom October to November 2023， a total of 3 398 students in grades 1–6 from six primary schools in Jiangbei District， Chongqing were selected using a stratified cluster random sampling method. The occurrence of ADHD and sADHD was evaluated by using the short version （18-item version） of the Swanson， Nolan， and Pelham IV rating scales （SNAP-IV） and the Chinese vision of Schedule for Affective Disorder and Schizophrenia for School-aged Children-Present and Lifetime Version （K-SADS-PL）. ResultsThe ADHD detection rate among children in Chongqing was 1.90% （95% CI： 0.014–0.024）. Boys showed a significantly higher ADHD detection rate than girls （χ²=7.733， P=0.005）. No statistically significant differences were found in ADHD detection rates across different grades or age groups （χ²=7.347， 12.362， P>0.05）. The sADHD detection rate was 6.32% （95% CI： 0.054–0.072）. Similarly， boys exhibited significantly higher sADHD detection rates than girls （χ²=21.005， P<0.01）. Significant differences emerged across different grades （χ²=20.559， P=0.001）， while no statistically significant difference was observed in age groups （χ²=12.070， P=0.060）. ConclusionThe ADHD detection rates were comparable across all grade levels and age groups from 6–13 years old. Second-grade children demonstrated notably higher sADHD rates compared to other grades， while boys demonstrated higher prevalence rates than girls for both ADHD and sADHD. ［Funded by Science and Health Joint Medical Research Project in Jiangbei District， Chongqing City in the Second Half of 2023 （number， 2023JBKWLH022）］