This article discusses the educational effectiveness of academic associations in colleges and universities under the background of "four new" disciplines. The West China Smart Oral Medicine Association of Sichuan University was taken as an example for practice research to analyze the aspects of community management, student training, ability assessment and reward mechanism, with a focus on the "134" training mode for cultivating the innovation and entrepreneurship abilities among students. This model provides a useful reference for the development of academic associations in colleges and universities, in order to give full play to the educational effectiveness of associations in innovation and entrepreneurship practice and cultivating more outstanding talents for the society.

Postoperative infection of internal fixation of closed fractures the lower limbs in adults represents a devastating complication, characterized by diagnostic challenges, prolonged treatment duration and high disability rates. Current management of these infections faces multiple challenges, such as difficulties in early accurate diagnosis, and various controversies about the treatment plan, leading to poor overall diagnosis and treatment results. To address these issues, based on evidence-based medicine and principles with emphasis on scientific rigor, clinical applicability and innovation, the Trauma Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, Orthopedic Branch of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association, Orthopedics Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, and Trauma Orthopedics and Polytrauma Group of the Resuscitation and Emergency Committee of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association have collaboratively organized a panel of relevant experts to develop the Guideline for diagnosis and treatment of infection after internal fixation of closed lower limb fractures in adults ( version 2025). The guideline proposed 10 recommendations, aiming to provide a foundation for standardized diagnosis and treatment of postoperative infection in adults with closed lower limb fractures.

This article discusses the educational effectiveness of academic associations in colleges and universities under the background of "four new" disciplines. The West China Smart Oral Medicine Association of Sichuan University was taken as an example for practice research to analyze the aspects of community management, student training, ability assessment and reward mechanism, with a focus on the "134" training mode for cultivating the innovation and entrepreneurship abilities among students. This model provides a useful reference for the development of academic associations in colleges and universities, in order to give full play to the educational effectiveness of associations in innovation and entrepreneurship practice and cultivating more outstanding talents for the society.

Postoperative infection of internal fixation of closed fractures the lower limbs in adults represents a devastating complication, characterized by diagnostic challenges, prolonged treatment duration and high disability rates. Current management of these infections faces multiple challenges, such as difficulties in early accurate diagnosis, and various controversies about the treatment plan, leading to poor overall diagnosis and treatment results. To address these issues, based on evidence-based medicine and principles with emphasis on scientific rigor, clinical applicability and innovation, the Trauma Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, Orthopedic Branch of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association, Orthopedics Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, and Trauma Orthopedics and Polytrauma Group of the Resuscitation and Emergency Committee of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association have collaboratively organized a panel of relevant experts to develop the Guideline for diagnosis and treatment of infection after internal fixation of closed lower limb fractures in adults ( version 2025). The guideline proposed 10 recommendations, aiming to provide a foundation for standardized diagnosis and treatment of postoperative infection in adults with closed lower limb fractures.

Objective To analyze the current situation and characteristics of risk factors in antithrombotic therapy(in-cluding antiplatelet and anticoagulant treatments)at home and abroad,and to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of thrombosis or bleeding associated with antithrombotic therapy.Methods The literature on risk factors of an-tithrombotic therapy published in Chinese databases(China Journal Full-text Data,Wanfang Database,VIP Database)and Eng-lish databases(PubMed,Web of Science,MEDLINE)from January 2011 to November 2021 was searched and bibliometric analy-sis was performed.The visualization analysis was performed using VOS viewer software.Results A total of 595 publications were included in the analysis.The top three countries for English publications were the USA,China,and Japan.The type of stud-ies were predominantly cohort studies,with sample sizes mostly being below 1 000.Risk factors for antithrombotic therapy are cat-egorized into those affecting antiplatelet drugs,warfarin,and new oral anticoagulants.Age,gender,renal function,and combination of antithrombotic drugs are common risk factors,and different risk factors of antithrombotic drugs also have their characteristics.Conclusion While there is substantial research on risk factors in antithrombotic therapy globally,the sample size needs to be improved.Pharmacists should provide individualized medication services based on different drugs and different groups to ensure medication safety for patients.

Objective To analysis the effectiveness and cost of Internet-based anticoagulation clinic versus traditional anticoagulation clinic treatment at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods We reviewed and analyzed the clinical data of patients receiving anticoagulation management through Internet-based outpatient care and traditional outpatient care in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital,from June 1,2020 to June 30,2021.Variability in time in therapeutic range(TTR)and international normalized ratio(INR)were calculated for enrolled patients.Patients meeting TTR≥60%and INR variability<0.65 were considered optimal anticoagulation quality.Cost-effectiveness analysis was conducted from the patients'perspective,with results expressed using the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio(ICER).Results In the"Internet-based anticoagulation outpatient care"and"traditional face-to-face anticoagulation outpatient care"groups,19 individuals(67.86%)and 67 individuals(76.14%)met the criteria for optimal anticoagulation quality,respectively.The mean TTR was(71.83±19.17)%in the Internet-based group and(71.74±23.41)%in the traditional face-to-face group,indicating similar levels of warfarin anticoagulation quality between the two groups.The ICER was calculated as 327.17 yuan,less than the per capita gross domestic product(GDP)of 2021.Conclusion During the COVID-19 pandemic,Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital's Internet-based anticoagulation outpatient care effectively complemented the government's epidemic control policies.It ensured equivalent anticoagulation outcomes and significantly reduced patients'financial burdens.This approach offers new insights and guidance for optimizing healthcare services in the post-pandemic era.

As the National Health Commission changes the management of novel corona virus infection, the situation and preventive policies for controlling the epidemic have also entered a new stage in China. Perioperative care strategies for orthopedic trauma such as designated isolation and nucleic acid test screening have also been adjusted in the new stage. Based on the perioperative work experiences in the new stage of epidemic from the frontline anti-epidemic staff of orthopedics in domestic hospitals and combined with the literature and relevant evidence-based medical data in perioperative care of orthopedic trauma patients under the current anti-epidemic policies at home and abroad, Chinese Orthopedic Association and Chinese Society of Traumatology organized relevant experts to formulate the Guideline for clinical perioperative care of orthopedic trauma patients in the new stage of novel corona virus infection ( version 2023). The guideline summarized 16 recommendations from the aspects of preoperative diagnosis and treatment, infection prevention, emergency operation and postoperative management to systematically standardize the perioperative clinical pathways, diagnosis and treatment processes of orthopedic trauma in the new stage of novel corona virus infection, so as to provide a guidance and reference for hospitals at all levels to carry out relevant work in current epidemic control policies.

Objective:To analyze the risk factors of fatal outcome in patients with severe COVID-19.Methods:The clinical characteristics of 107 patients with severe COVID-19 admitted in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from February 12 to March 12, 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. During the hospitalization 49 patients died (fatal group) and 58 patients survived (survival group). The clinical characteristics, baseline laboratory findings were analyzed using R and Python statistical software. The risk factors of fatal outcome in patients with severe COVID-19 were analyzed with multivariate logistic regression.Results:Univariate analysis showed that the two groups had statistically significant differences in age, clinical classification, dry cough, dyspnea and laboratory test indicators ( P<0.05 or <0.01). The random forest model was used to rank the significance of the statistically significant variables in the univariate analysis, and the selected variables were included in the binary logistic regression model. After stepwise regression analysis, the patient’s clinical type, age, neutrophil count, and the proportion of CD3 cells are independent risk factors for death in severe COVID-19 patients. Dry cough is an independent protective factor for the death of severe COVID-19 patients. Conclusion:COVID-19 patients with fatal outcome are more likely to have suppressed immune function, secondary infection and inflammatory factor storm. These factors may work together in severe patients, leading to intractable hypoxemia and multiple organ dysfunction and resulting in fatal outcome of patients. The study indicates that timely intervention and treatment measures against above factors may be effective to save the lives of patients with severe COVID-19.