1.Quality evaluation of Sanzi powder based on quantitative analysis of multi-component combined with chemical pattern recognition and entropy weight-TOPSIS method
Rongjie LI ; Qian ZHANG ; Wei ZHANG ; Xinkui LI ; Yuxia HU ; Mengdi ZHANG ; Jing LIU ; Fang WANG ; Fengye ZHOU ; Jun LI
China Pharmacy 2025;36(15):1846-1851
OBJECTIVE To comprehensively evaluate the quality of Sanzi powder from different batches based on 12 components quantitative analysis combined with chemical pattern recognition and entropy weight-TOPSIS method. METHODS The contents of 12 components in 15 batches of Sanzi powder (No. S1-S15) were determined by HPLC-MS/MS, such as ethyl gallate, gallic acid, ferulic acid, corilagin, genipin-1-O-β-D-gentiobioside, toosendanin, geniposide, caffeic acid, methyl deacetylated coumarinate, tannic acid, rutin, quercetin. Cluster analysis (CA), principal component analysis (PCA), and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were conducted on the assay results. Using variable importance projection (VIP) value>1 and P<0.05 as the evaluation criteria, the quality differential markers in Sanzi powder were screened. The entropy weight method was used to calculate the weight value, and TOPSIS method was used to rank the quality of 15 batches of Sanzi powder from superior to inferior. RESULTS The contents of the 12 components were 13.494-24.292, 2 069.608-3 188.100, 1.410-3.616, 1 065.030-2 630.584, 1 404.704-1 838.078, 101.640-354.268, 9 193.720-14 777.854, 1.240-5.060, 148.028-5 541.990, 4 261.422-5 607.438, 107.560- 195.512, 2.226-4.192 μg/g, respectively. The results of CA, PCA and OPLS-DA indicated that 15 batches of Sanzi powder could be clustered into two groups. Specifically, batches S3, S7, S10 and S15 were grouped into one category, and remaining batches were grouped into one category. VIP values of geniposide, quercetin, caffeic acid, and methyl deacetylated coumarinate were all greater than 1, with corresponding P-values less than 0.05. The results of the entropy weight-TOPSIS analysis revealed that methyl deacetylate exhibited the smallest information entropy and the highest weight. The relative closeness degrees of samples S3, S7, S10 and S15 ranged from 0.789 to 0.973, while the remaining samples ranged from 0.054 to 0.172. CONCLUSIONS The contents of 12 components in Sanzi powder could be determined accurately by using HPLC-MS/MS technology. Methyl deacetylated coumarinate, geniposide, quercetin and caffeic acid were identified as the quality differential markers. It was found that the overall quality of samples S3, S7, S10 and S15 were superior to that of other batches. Notably, the quality of Gardeniae Fructus decoction pieces emerges as a critical factor in ensuring the consistency of the preparation’s quality.
2.Underlying Mechanism of Wuwei Shenqintang in Amelioration of Pulmonary Fibrosis by Regulating "Lung-intestine Axis" Based on UPLC-Q-TOF-MS Metabolomics Technology
Mengdi SUN ; Fang LU ; Donghua YU ; Yu WANG ; Pingping CHEN ; Shumin LIU
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2025;31(21):11-20
ObjectiveTo explore the mechanism of action of Wuwei Shenqintang in improving pulmonary fibrosis by using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) for metabolomic analysis of lung tissue and feces. MethodsA rat model with pulmonary fibrosis was established by intratracheal injection of 5 mg·kg-1 bleomycin. The successfully modeled rats were randomly divided into a blank group, a model group, a prednisone (3.15 mg·kg-1) group, and low-dose, medium-dose, and high-dose groups of Wuwei Shenqintang (4.586, 9.172, 18.344 g·kg-1). The rats were given intragastric administration once a day for 28 consecutive days. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to measure the pathological changes in lung and colon tissue, and Masson staining was used to detect the degree of pulmonary fibrosis. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and intestinal mucus. Immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR) were used to detect the expression of type Ⅰ collagen (Col-Ⅰ), fibronectin (FN), and alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in lung tissue. UPLC-Q-TOF-MS was used to study the changes in the metabolic network of lung tissue and feces in rats with pulmonary fibrosis treated with Wuwei Shenqintang, screen potential biomarkers for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis by Wuwei Shenqintang, and perform pathway enrichment analysis. ResultsCompared with the blank group, the model group showed extensive inflammatory cell infiltration and continuous fibrotic lesions in lung tissue, colonic mucosal damage, and connective tissue hyperplasia. The expression of IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, TNF-α, and SIgA in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and intestinal mucus was significantly increased (P<0.01). The expression of Col-Ⅰ, FN, and α-SMA proteins and mRNAs in lung tissue was significantly upregulated (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the groups of Wuwei Shenqintang exhibited significantly reduced inflammatory infiltration and blue collagen deposition in lung tissue, alleviated colonic damage, decreased expression of IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, TNF-α, and SIgA in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and intestinal mucus (P<0.01), and reduced average absorbance values and mRNA expression of Col-Ⅰ, FN, and α-SMA in lung tissue (P<0.05, P<0.01), with the prednisone group and the medium-dose and high-dose groups of Wuwei Shenqintang showing the most significant effects. The metabolomics results for lung tissue showed that compared with the blank group, the model group had 19 significantly different compounds (P<0.05, P<0.01). Wuwei Shenqintang could normalize 17 of these compounds compared with the model group (P<0.05, P<0.01). Fecal metabolomics results showed that compared with those in the blank group, there were 42 compounds with significant differences in the model group (P<0.05, P<0.01). Compared with the model control group, Wuwei Shenqintang could normalize 41 of these compounds (P<0.05, P<0.01). The combined analysis results indicated that Wuwei Shenqintang might inhibit pulmonary fibrosis by regulating the biosynthesis of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan as well as the retinol metabolism pathway. ConclusionWuwei Shenqintang can ameliorate pulmonary fibrosis, which may be related to the regulation of the "lung-intestine axis".
3.Underlying Mechanism of Wuwei Shenqintang in Amelioration of Pulmonary Fibrosis by Regulating "Lung-intestine Axis" Based on UPLC-Q-TOF-MS Metabolomics Technology
Mengdi SUN ; Fang LU ; Donghua YU ; Yu WANG ; Pingping CHEN ; Shumin LIU
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2025;31(21):11-20
ObjectiveTo explore the mechanism of action of Wuwei Shenqintang in improving pulmonary fibrosis by using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) for metabolomic analysis of lung tissue and feces. MethodsA rat model with pulmonary fibrosis was established by intratracheal injection of 5 mg·kg-1 bleomycin. The successfully modeled rats were randomly divided into a blank group, a model group, a prednisone (3.15 mg·kg-1) group, and low-dose, medium-dose, and high-dose groups of Wuwei Shenqintang (4.586, 9.172, 18.344 g·kg-1). The rats were given intragastric administration once a day for 28 consecutive days. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to measure the pathological changes in lung and colon tissue, and Masson staining was used to detect the degree of pulmonary fibrosis. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and intestinal mucus. Immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR) were used to detect the expression of type Ⅰ collagen (Col-Ⅰ), fibronectin (FN), and alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in lung tissue. UPLC-Q-TOF-MS was used to study the changes in the metabolic network of lung tissue and feces in rats with pulmonary fibrosis treated with Wuwei Shenqintang, screen potential biomarkers for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis by Wuwei Shenqintang, and perform pathway enrichment analysis. ResultsCompared with the blank group, the model group showed extensive inflammatory cell infiltration and continuous fibrotic lesions in lung tissue, colonic mucosal damage, and connective tissue hyperplasia. The expression of IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, TNF-α, and SIgA in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and intestinal mucus was significantly increased (P<0.01). The expression of Col-Ⅰ, FN, and α-SMA proteins and mRNAs in lung tissue was significantly upregulated (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the groups of Wuwei Shenqintang exhibited significantly reduced inflammatory infiltration and blue collagen deposition in lung tissue, alleviated colonic damage, decreased expression of IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, TNF-α, and SIgA in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and intestinal mucus (P<0.01), and reduced average absorbance values and mRNA expression of Col-Ⅰ, FN, and α-SMA in lung tissue (P<0.05, P<0.01), with the prednisone group and the medium-dose and high-dose groups of Wuwei Shenqintang showing the most significant effects. The metabolomics results for lung tissue showed that compared with the blank group, the model group had 19 significantly different compounds (P<0.05, P<0.01). Wuwei Shenqintang could normalize 17 of these compounds compared with the model group (P<0.05, P<0.01). Fecal metabolomics results showed that compared with those in the blank group, there were 42 compounds with significant differences in the model group (P<0.05, P<0.01). Compared with the model control group, Wuwei Shenqintang could normalize 41 of these compounds (P<0.05, P<0.01). The combined analysis results indicated that Wuwei Shenqintang might inhibit pulmonary fibrosis by regulating the biosynthesis of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan as well as the retinol metabolism pathway. ConclusionWuwei Shenqintang can ameliorate pulmonary fibrosis, which may be related to the regulation of the "lung-intestine axis".
4.Effect of Cannabidiol on Pulmonary Fibrosis Analyzed by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS
Mengdi SUN ; Feiyu ZHANG ; Huicong YANG ; Yu WANG ; Pingping CHEN ; Fang LU ; Shumin LIU
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2024;30(12):185-193
ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism of anti-pulmonary fibrosis of cannabidiol by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS). MethodSD rats were randomly divided into blank group, model group, prednisone group(3.15 mg·kg-1) and cannabidiol low, medium and high dose groups(12, 36, 108 mg·kg-1), with 8 rats in each group. The rat model of pulmonary fibrosis was established by intratracheal injection of bleomycin(5 mg·kg-1), which was administered continuously for 28 days after successful modeling. The pathological changes of rat lung tissue were observed, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used to detect the expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase-7(MMP-7), type Ⅱ alveolar cell surface antigen(KL-6), pulmonary surfactant-associated protein A(SP-A) and SP-D in serum. The expression levels of type Ⅰ collagen(Col-Ⅰ) and fibronectin(FN) in lung tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry, and the expression of mucin 5 subtype AC(MUC5AC) was detected by immunofluorescence. UPLC-Q-TOF-MS was used to search for potential biomarkers and related metabolic pathways of cannabidiol in treating pulmonary fibrosis. ResultCompared with the blank group, there were a large number of inflammatory cell infiltration and continuous fibrosis lesions in the lung tissue of rats in the model group. Compared with the model group, the inflammatory infiltration and blue collagen deposition in the lung tissue of rats in the prednisone and cannabidiol groups were reduced. Compared with the blank group, the expressions of MMP-7, KL-6, SP-A and SP-D in serum of the model group were significantly increased(P<0.01), while the expressions of MMP-7, KL-6, SP-A and SP-D in the prednisone and cannabidiol high dose groups were significantly decreased by comparing with the model group(P<0.05, P<0.01). Compared with the blank group, the expression levels of Col-Ⅰ and FN in the lung tissues of the model group were significantly increased, and the fluorescence intensity of MUC5AC was significantly increased(P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the expression levels of Col-Ⅰ and FN in the lung tissues of the prednisone and cannabidiol high dose groups were significantly decreased(P<0.05, P<0.01), and the expression of MUC5AC was significantly decreased(P<0.01). Compared with the blank group, a total of 18 differential compounds were screened out in the model group, which could be used as potential biomarkers, and cannabidiol could call back 16 of them, mainly involving 4 metabolic pathways(linoleic acid metabolism, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, arachidonic acid metabolism, and niacin and niacinamide metabolism). Compared with the blank group, the relative contents of potential biomarkers arachidonic acid and linoleic acid were significantly increased in the model group(P<0.05, P<0.01), while the relative contents of 5,6-EET, L-tyrosine and niacinamide were significantly decreased(P<0.01). Compared with the model group, cannabidiol could significantly reduce the relative contents of arachidonic acid and linoleic acid, and significantly increase the relative contents of 5,6-EET, L-tyrosine and niacinamide(P<0.01). ConclusionCannabidiol has an intervention and remission effect on pulmonary fibrosis, and its mechanism may be related to linoleic acid metabolism, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, arachidonic acid metabolism, niacin and niacinamide metabolism.
5.Treatment of Pulmonary Inflammatory Diseases by Traditional Chinese Medicine Through Regulating Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress: A Review
Mengdi SHI ; Chao WANG ; Yafei YOU ; Lisha LU ; Yang YANG ; Weichao JING ; Lujia LIU ; Youpeng WANG
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2024;30(14):249-258
Pulmonary fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, acute lung injury, asthma, and infectious pneumonia are common pulmonary inflammatory diseases worldwide. There is evidence that mitochondria produce a large amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) when stimulated by inflammation, leading to oxidative stress that affects the onset and progression of pulmonary inflammatory diseases. With in-depth research, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has made significant progress in the treatment of pulmonary inflammatory diseases. An increasing amount of evidence indicates that single TCM and their active components, as well as TCM compound formulas, can improve mitochondrial oxidative stress status through multi-target and multi-pathway mechanisms, thereby effectively treating pulmonary inflammatory diseases. Currently, there is a lack of systematic review and summary of TCM research in this field both domestically and internationally. Therefore, this article aims to summarize and conclude the mechanisms by which TCM regulates mitochondrial oxidative stress to intervene in pulmonary inflammatory diseases, providing a scientific basis for its clinical application and offering new ideas and references for in-depth research on the prevention and treatment of pulmonary inflammatory diseases with TCM.
6.Research progress on the molecular genetics and neuroscience of congenital cranial dysinnervation disorders
Jingjing YE ; Mengdi WANG ; Xuefeng SHI
International Eye Science 2024;24(8):1234-1239
Congenital cranial dysinnervation disorders(CCDDs)are a group of diseases with congenital non-progressive developmental abnormalities or absence of one or more cranial nerves, resulting in primary or secondary abnormalities of cranial nerves innervating the extraocular muscles. CCDDs can be sporadic or hereditary, and may be accompanied by systemic abnormalities. In recent years, with the research progress of neuropathology, neuroimaging, and genetics, it has not only been clarified that the cause of eye movement disorder in CCDDs is neurogenic, but also been found the pathogenic genes of CCDDs, including SALL4, HOXA1, KIF21A, PHOX2A, TUBB3, and HOXB1, etc. In this review, the relevant domestic and international literatures on the molecular genetics and neuroscience of CCDDs in recent years are reviewed, aiming to address how the causing gene mutations of CCDDs affect brain neural development and further lead to congenital abnormal cranial nerve innervation, in order to provide references for the clinical and basic research of CCDDs.
7.Construction of competency indicators for clinical pharmacists based on content analysis
Jiaqi LI ; Jiaqi WANG ; Mengdi SHENG ; Li LI ; Weihong GE
China Pharmacist 2024;27(2):325-335
Objective To conduct content analysis of competency assessment indicators for clinical pharmacists both domestically and internationally,thereby providing reference for the construction of competency for clinical pharmacists.Methods Literature related to the competency of clinical pharmacists at home and abroad was retrieved.Content analysis was applied to literature that met the criteria.Results Ultimately,22 articles and 14 competency frameworks were included.From these,5 primary categories including personal qualities,knowledge,individual abilities,pharmaceutical services,teaching and research,15 secondary categories and 61 tertiary categories were extracted.Conclusion The competency indicator system for clinical pharmacists was initially constructed,providing reference for clinical pharmacists in practical work.
8.Magnetic resonance left ventricular hemodynamic analysis: a normal value study of two methods
Huaying ZHANG ; Wenjing YANG ; Jing XU ; Di ZHOU ; Yining WANG ; Leyi ZHU ; Mengdi JIANG ; Gang YIN ; Shihua ZHAO ; Minjie LU
Journal of Chinese Physician 2024;26(1):12-17
Objectives:To analyze the consistency of evaluating left ventricular hemodynamics (HDF) based on single plane and multi plane cine sequences of magnetic resonance mitral valve orifice.Methods:A prospective study was conducted on 48 healthy adults, and two methods were used to measure the mitral valve diameter and calculate HDF parameters. The first method was to measure the diameter of the mitral valve opening in the left ventricular three chamber cine sequence; The second method is to measure the mitral valve diameter using cine sequences of two chamber, three chamber, and four chamber hearts, and then take the average value. Paired t-tests were used to compare the differences in HDF measured by two methods, and Pearson correlation coefficient ( r), intra group correlation coefficient ( ICC), and Bland-Altman analysis were used to test the consistency and reproducibility of the two methods. Results:The root mean square (RMS) of longitudinal HDF calculated using single plane and multi plane mitral valve diameters were [(17.28±4.41)% vs (17.21±4.61)%] ( P=0.379) for the entire cardiac cycle, [(21.45±5.54)% vs (21.49±5.68)%] ( P=0.646) for systolic phase, and [(12.78±4.10)% vs (12.54±4.24)%] ( P=0.106) for diastolic phase, respectively. The difference in the calculation results of HDF parameters related to ventricular function was not statistically significant (all P>0.05), and there was good consistency ( r=0.924-0.996, ICC=0.924-0.995). The two HDF parameters related to atrial function were sensitive to the measurement method of mitral valve orifice diameter [RMS of longitudinal HDF during active atrial emptying: (3.26±1.51)% vs (3.32±1.55)%, P=0.006; longitudinal HDF pulse during active atrial emptying: (-2.60±1.28)% vs (-2.76±1.30)%, P<0.001]. Conclusions:The ventricular function related HDF parameters obtained from the analysis of mitral valve orifice diameter using single plane and multi plane methods have good consistency, and can be evaluated using relatively simple single plane methods for left ventricular HDF.
9.Effect of SIRT7 on inhibiting the epithelial-mesenchymal transformation in pancreatic cancer cells and related mechanism
Mengdi WANG ; Tianyang GAO ; Wei HUANG ; Yunkai YANG ; Yan WANG
Chinese Journal of Oncology 2024;46(6):566-582
Objective:To investigate the effect and mechanism of SIRT7 in epithelial mesenchymal transformation (EMT) of pancreatic cancer cells.Methods:The pancreatic cancer cells were divided into siControl, siSIRT7, over-expression SIRT7, siSIRT7+siCOL4A1, and siSIRT7+siSLUG groups using siRNA or plasmid transfection. The proliferation, migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells were detected by EdU, wound healing assay and Transwell experiments, respectively. The expression of EMT and cancer stem cell (CSC) markers were detected by quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay (qRT-PCR) and western blot. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) in SIRT7 knockdown PANC-1 cells was performed to explore the signaling pathways and target genes regulated by SIRT7. Then the target genes directly regulated by SIRT7 were identified with quantitative chromatin immunoprecipitation experiment (q-ChIP) and chromatin immunoprecipitation polymerase chain reaction (ChIP-PCR). The expressions of SIRT7 and target genes were detected by immunohistochemical (IHC) in pancreatic cancer tissues, and the correlation between SIRT7 and target gene expression was analyzed using TCGA dataset. The correlation between expression of SIRT7 or target genes and survival was analyzed on KM-plotter website. Finally, GeneMANIA, STRING and ENCORI were used to predict SIRT7-related proteins and miRNAs.Results:EdU assay showed that the cell proliferation rates in SIRT7-overexpressed PANC-1 [(19.33±0.35)%] and BxPC-3 cells [(17.00±1.89)%] were lower than those in the control group [(31.60±1.37)% and (24.33±0.78)%, respectively, P<0.05]. The proliferation rates of SIRT7-knockdown PANC-1 [(23.94±1.00)% and (27.08±0.97)%] and BxPC-3 cells [(22.00±1.86)% and (25.96±1.61)%] were higher than those of the siControl group [(11.80±1.86)% and (13.42±1.39)%, respectively, P<0.05]. In PANC-1 cells, the wound healing assay showed that the relative migration rate of SIRT7-overexpression cells [(76.67±2.74)%] was lower than that of control cells [(100.00±2.13)%, P<0.05]; the relative migration rate of cells with SIRT7 knockdown [(134.22±4.08)% and (199.82±9.20)%, respectively] was higher than that of siControl group [(102.24±3.13)%, P<0.05]. Compared with the control group, SIRT7 overexpression decreased the number of migrated BxPC-3 cells (45.66±1.69 vs 28.33±2.62, P<0.05); while SIRT7 knockdown increased these numbers (65.66±2.86 and 82.00±2.94 versus 33.00±0.81, P<0.01). Transwell experiment revealed that the number of invaded cells in SIRT7 overexpression groups (16.33±2.05 and 34.66±1.69) was lower than that control groups (54.33±4.64 and 58.66±5.90, P<0.05); with SIRT7 knockdown, the numbers of invaded PANC-1 (63.66±2.49 and 69.33±3.29) and BxPC-3 cells (134.33±3.09 and 181.66±4.02) were higher than those in control groups (35.33±2.49 and 42.00±0.81, P?0.05). Also, SIRT7 knockdown decreased the expressions of epithelial markers and increased the expressions of mesenchymal and CSC markers. RNA-seq analysis showed that SIRT7 was involved in regulating a variety of cancer-related signaling pathways, including the pancreatic cancer pathway and the EMT pathway. Furthermore, SIRT7 could directly bind to the promoter regions of target genes, such as COL4A1 and SLUG. SIRT7 was negatively correlated with the expression and function of COL4A1 and SLUG in pancreatic cancer cells. The expressions of SIRT7, COL4A1, SLUG and SOX2 were verified in pancreatic cancer tissues by IHC. Finally, SIRT7 was predicted to be associated with many proteins and miRNAs based on GeneMANIA, STRING, and ENCORI online tools. Conclusions:SIRT7 can inhibit the EMT of pancreatic cancer cells through transcriptionally inhibiting the expression of target genes, such as COL4A1 and SLUG. Thus, SIRT7 may serve as a potential tumor suppressor gene in pancreatic cancer.
10.Effect of SIRT7 on inhibiting the epithelial-mesenchymal transformation in pancreatic cancer cells and related mechanism
Mengdi WANG ; Tianyang GAO ; Wei HUANG ; Yunkai YANG ; Yan WANG
Chinese Journal of Oncology 2024;46(6):566-582
Objective:To investigate the effect and mechanism of SIRT7 in epithelial mesenchymal transformation (EMT) of pancreatic cancer cells.Methods:The pancreatic cancer cells were divided into siControl, siSIRT7, over-expression SIRT7, siSIRT7+siCOL4A1, and siSIRT7+siSLUG groups using siRNA or plasmid transfection. The proliferation, migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells were detected by EdU, wound healing assay and Transwell experiments, respectively. The expression of EMT and cancer stem cell (CSC) markers were detected by quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay (qRT-PCR) and western blot. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) in SIRT7 knockdown PANC-1 cells was performed to explore the signaling pathways and target genes regulated by SIRT7. Then the target genes directly regulated by SIRT7 were identified with quantitative chromatin immunoprecipitation experiment (q-ChIP) and chromatin immunoprecipitation polymerase chain reaction (ChIP-PCR). The expressions of SIRT7 and target genes were detected by immunohistochemical (IHC) in pancreatic cancer tissues, and the correlation between SIRT7 and target gene expression was analyzed using TCGA dataset. The correlation between expression of SIRT7 or target genes and survival was analyzed on KM-plotter website. Finally, GeneMANIA, STRING and ENCORI were used to predict SIRT7-related proteins and miRNAs.Results:EdU assay showed that the cell proliferation rates in SIRT7-overexpressed PANC-1 [(19.33±0.35)%] and BxPC-3 cells [(17.00±1.89)%] were lower than those in the control group [(31.60±1.37)% and (24.33±0.78)%, respectively, P<0.05]. The proliferation rates of SIRT7-knockdown PANC-1 [(23.94±1.00)% and (27.08±0.97)%] and BxPC-3 cells [(22.00±1.86)% and (25.96±1.61)%] were higher than those of the siControl group [(11.80±1.86)% and (13.42±1.39)%, respectively, P<0.05]. In PANC-1 cells, the wound healing assay showed that the relative migration rate of SIRT7-overexpression cells [(76.67±2.74)%] was lower than that of control cells [(100.00±2.13)%, P<0.05]; the relative migration rate of cells with SIRT7 knockdown [(134.22±4.08)% and (199.82±9.20)%, respectively] was higher than that of siControl group [(102.24±3.13)%, P<0.05]. Compared with the control group, SIRT7 overexpression decreased the number of migrated BxPC-3 cells (45.66±1.69 vs 28.33±2.62, P<0.05); while SIRT7 knockdown increased these numbers (65.66±2.86 and 82.00±2.94 versus 33.00±0.81, P<0.01). Transwell experiment revealed that the number of invaded cells in SIRT7 overexpression groups (16.33±2.05 and 34.66±1.69) was lower than that control groups (54.33±4.64 and 58.66±5.90, P<0.05); with SIRT7 knockdown, the numbers of invaded PANC-1 (63.66±2.49 and 69.33±3.29) and BxPC-3 cells (134.33±3.09 and 181.66±4.02) were higher than those in control groups (35.33±2.49 and 42.00±0.81, P?0.05). Also, SIRT7 knockdown decreased the expressions of epithelial markers and increased the expressions of mesenchymal and CSC markers. RNA-seq analysis showed that SIRT7 was involved in regulating a variety of cancer-related signaling pathways, including the pancreatic cancer pathway and the EMT pathway. Furthermore, SIRT7 could directly bind to the promoter regions of target genes, such as COL4A1 and SLUG. SIRT7 was negatively correlated with the expression and function of COL4A1 and SLUG in pancreatic cancer cells. The expressions of SIRT7, COL4A1, SLUG and SOX2 were verified in pancreatic cancer tissues by IHC. Finally, SIRT7 was predicted to be associated with many proteins and miRNAs based on GeneMANIA, STRING, and ENCORI online tools. Conclusions:SIRT7 can inhibit the EMT of pancreatic cancer cells through transcriptionally inhibiting the expression of target genes, such as COL4A1 and SLUG. Thus, SIRT7 may serve as a potential tumor suppressor gene in pancreatic cancer.

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