Objective:To compare the clinical effect of deproteinized calf blood extract (DCBE) eye drops and 0.3% sodium hyaluronate eye drops in the treatment of diabetic cataract patients with dry eye after phacoemulsification.Methods:A randomized controlled study was performed.A total of 112 patients (116 eyes) with type Ⅱ diabetes combined with cataract and dry eye who underwent phacoemulsification in the Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University from January 2022 to September 2022 were selected.Patients were divided into DCBE group (49 cases, 51 eyes) and sodium hyaluronate group (63 cases, 65 eyes) by the random number table method.Patients received DCBE eye drops and 0.3% sodium hyaluronate eye drops after surgery according to grouping.Preoperative and postoperative 1 week, 1 month subjective symptoms of dry eye, corneal edema grade, tear film breakup time (TBUT), corneal fluorescein staining (CFS) and Schirmer Ⅰ test (SⅠt) results were recorded and compared.This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (No.SDSYKYY202112-1).Written informed consent was obtained from each subject.Results:There were significant differences in dry eye symptom score, TBUT and SⅠt at different time points between before and after surgery ( Ftime=323.202, 102.771, 151.876; all P<0.001).Dry eye symptom score decreased and SⅠt increased in the two groups at 1 week and 1 month after surgery compared with before surgery, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.017).TBUT was longer at 1 week and 1 month after surgery compared with before surgery in the DCBE group, and TBUT at 1 month after surgery was longer than that before surgery in the sodium hyaluronate group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.017).There were statistically significant differences in CFS scores between the two groups at different time points before and after surgery ( Fgroup=5.391, P=0.022; Ftime=142.402, P<0.001).The CFS scores of both groups at 1 week and 1 month after surgery were lower than those before surgery, and CFS scores in the DCBE group were lower than those in the sodium hyaluronate group, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.017).One week after surgery, the proportion of patients with corneal edema in the DCBE group was 5.9%(3/51), which was significantly lower than 20.0%(13/65) in the sodium hyaluronate group ( χ2=4.790, P=0.029). Conclusions:DCBE eye drops can promote corneal repair, stabilize tear film and improve dry eye discomfort in early postoperative period in diabetic cataract, and its overall effect is better than 0.3% sodium hyaluronate eye drops.

Objective:To compare the clinical effect of deproteinized calf blood extract (DCBE) eye drops and 0.3% sodium hyaluronate eye drops in the treatment of diabetic cataract patients with dry eye after phacoemulsification.Methods:A randomized controlled study was performed.A total of 112 patients (116 eyes) with type Ⅱ diabetes combined with cataract and dry eye who underwent phacoemulsification in the Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University from January 2022 to September 2022 were selected.Patients were divided into DCBE group (49 cases, 51 eyes) and sodium hyaluronate group (63 cases, 65 eyes) by the random number table method.Patients received DCBE eye drops and 0.3% sodium hyaluronate eye drops after surgery according to grouping.Preoperative and postoperative 1 week, 1 month subjective symptoms of dry eye, corneal edema grade, tear film breakup time (TBUT), corneal fluorescein staining (CFS) and Schirmer Ⅰ test (SⅠt) results were recorded and compared.This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (No.SDSYKYY202112-1).Written informed consent was obtained from each subject.Results:There were significant differences in dry eye symptom score, TBUT and SⅠt at different time points between before and after surgery ( Ftime=323.202, 102.771, 151.876; all P<0.001).Dry eye symptom score decreased and SⅠt increased in the two groups at 1 week and 1 month after surgery compared with before surgery, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.017).TBUT was longer at 1 week and 1 month after surgery compared with before surgery in the DCBE group, and TBUT at 1 month after surgery was longer than that before surgery in the sodium hyaluronate group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.017).There were statistically significant differences in CFS scores between the two groups at different time points before and after surgery ( Fgroup=5.391, P=0.022; Ftime=142.402, P<0.001).The CFS scores of both groups at 1 week and 1 month after surgery were lower than those before surgery, and CFS scores in the DCBE group were lower than those in the sodium hyaluronate group, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.017).One week after surgery, the proportion of patients with corneal edema in the DCBE group was 5.9%(3/51), which was significantly lower than 20.0%(13/65) in the sodium hyaluronate group ( χ2=4.790, P=0.029). Conclusions:DCBE eye drops can promote corneal repair, stabilize tear film and improve dry eye discomfort in early postoperative period in diabetic cataract, and its overall effect is better than 0.3% sodium hyaluronate eye drops.

ObjectiveTo observe the intervention effect of Chaihu and Longgu Mulitang （CLMT） on rat depression model prepared by chronic unpredictable mild stress （CUMS） based on cyclic adenosine monophosphate （cAMP）/protein kinase A （PKA）/cAMP-response element-binding protein （CREB）-brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF） signaling pathway. MethodSixty SD rats were divided into normal group， model group， and CLMT low-， medium- and high-dose groups and fluoxetine group （positive control） according to random number table. They， except the normal group， were treated with CUMS for 49 days to prepare the rat depression model. The CLMT low-， medium- and high-dose groups were given 2.89， 5.78 11.56 g·kg^-1 of CHMD granules， respectively， and the fluoxetine group was given 2.06 mg·kg^-1 of fluoxetine hydrochloride on the 29^th day. The normal group and the model group received equal volume of normal saline for 21 days. The behavioral performance of rats were observed by open field test and forced swim test. The levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine （5-HT）， norepinephrine （NE） and cAMP in rat hippocampus were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The mRNA expressions of PKA， CREB， and BDNF in rat hippocampus were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）， and the protein expressions of PKA and BDNF were detected by Western blot. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the expression of CREB， and hematoxylin and eosin （HE） staining and Nissl staining were used to observe the morphological changes of hippocampus. ResultCompared with the conditions in the normal group， the immobility time of the model group in the forced swim test was increased （P<0.01） and the total movement distance， residence time in central area， number of entries in central area and movement distance in central area were decreased （P<0.01）. Additionally， the contents of 5-HT， NE and cAMP in hippocampus of the model group as well as the protein expressions of PKA， BDNF and CRE，the mRNA expressions of BDNF and CREB were lower than those in the normal group （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the CLMT groups had reduced immobility time （P<0.01）， elevated total movement distance， residence time in central area， number of entries in central area and movement distance in central area （P<0.05， P<0.01）， up-regulated contents of 5-HT， NE and cAMP in hippocampus （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and up-regulated protein expressions of PKA， BDNF and CREB and mRNA expressions of BDNF and CREB （P<0.01）. HE staining and Nissl staining showed that CLMT significantly improved the neuronal structure in rat hippocampus. ConclusionCLMT alleviates the anxiety and depression of rats. These effects may be mediated by regulating monoamine neurotransmitters 5-HT and NE in hippocampus of depressed rats， activating cAMP/PKA/CREB/BDNF signaling pathway， up-regulating the expression of BDNF and protecting hippocampal structure and function .

Objective:To observe the positional relationship between the central fixation point of the retina and the fovea in normal adults.Methods:A retrospective clinical study. From August 2019 to January 2020, 100 eyes of 100 normal adults who underwent physical examination at the Fourth People's Hospital of Shenyan g were included in the study. All patients underwent BCVA, diopter, microfield, OCT examination, and axial length (AL) measurement. There were 42 males and 58 females with the average age was 46.4±14.7 years. The average diopter was -1.02±1.99 D, the average AL was 23.22±0.47 mm, the average foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area was 0.38±0.13 mm 2. The MP-3 microperimetry was used for central fixation examination. After the examination, high-definition fundus images were automatically taken and the central fixation point of the retina were automatically calculated by the equipment. The Nidek Overlay functional multi-mode imaging platform was used to superimpose the images containing the central fixation point of the retina and the macular fovea, the positional relationship between the two was observed, and the distance between the two was measured. Pearson correlation analysis was performed on the distance between the fixation point of the center of the retina and the center of the fovea, age, diopter, and FAZ area of the macula. Results:The fixation point of the retinal center of all tested eyes was within the range of the macular fovea, which did not coincide with the center of the macular fovea. Among 100 eyes, the fixation point of the center of the retina were 53, 23, 15, and 9 eyes at the nose, lower, temporal, and upper sides, respectively. The average distance between the fixation point of the center of the retina and the center of the fovea was 158.31±71.56 μm. The distance between the fixation point of the retinal center and the center of the macular fovea and age ( r=0.140), diopter ( r=-0.009), FAZ area( r=0.038) were not correlated ( P=0.165, 0.932, 0.707) in correlation analysis. Conclusion:The central fixation point of normal adult retina is more common on the fovea nasal side.