Host-derived small RNAs are emerging as critical regulators in the dynamic interactions between host tissues and the microbiome, with implications for microbial pathogenesis and host defense. Among these, transfer RNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) have garnered attention for their roles in modulating microbial behavior. However, the bacterial factors mediating tsRNA interaction and functionality remain poorly understood. In this study, using RNA affinity pull-down assay in combination with mass spectrometry, we identified a putative membrane-bound protein, annotated as P-type ATPase transporter (PtaT) in Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn), which binds Fn-targeting tsRNAs in a sequence-specific manner. Through targeted mutagenesis and phenotypic characterization, we showed that in both the Fn type strain and a clinical tumor isolate, deletion of ptaT led to reduced tsRNA intake and enhanced resistance to tsRNA-induced growth inhibition. Global RNA sequencing and label-free Raman spectroscopy revealed the phenotypic differences between Fn wild type and PtaT-deficient mutant, highlighting the functional significance of PtaT in purine and pyrimidine metabolism. Furthermore, AlphaFold 3 prediction provides evidence supporting the specific binding between PtaT and Fn-targeting tsRNA. By uncovering the first RNA-binding protein in Fn implicated in growth modulation through interactions with host-derived small RNAs (sRNAs), our study offers new insights into sRNA-mediated host-pathogen interplay within the context of microbiome-host interactions.
Fusobacterium nucleatum/growth & development* ; RNA-Binding Proteins/genetics* ; Bacterial Proteins/genetics* ; RNA, Bacterial/metabolism* ; Humans ; RNA, Transfer/metabolism*

Objective:To explore mechanism of Fasudil reducing Aβ1-42 induced BV2 cell injury based on NLRP3 inflamma-some.Methods:BV2 cells were divided into:normal control group,Aβ stimulation group,Aβ+Fasudil intervention group,Aβ+MCC950(NLRP3 inhibitor)intervention group.Cell morphology was observed under microscope.Cell activity was determined of by CCK8.NO release was measured by Griess.NLRP3,caspase 1 and IL-18 expressions were detected by immunofluorescence staining.NLRP3,ASC,caspase 1,IL-1β and IL-18 expressions were detected by Western blot.Results:Compared with normal control group,BV2 cells in Aβ stimulation group were activated and showed amoeba-like shape,cell activity was decreased,NO production was increased,NLRP3,ASC,caspase 1,IL-1β and IL-18 expressions were increased.Fasudil intervention and MCC950 intervention inhibited cell injury induced by Aβ1-42 in which BV2 cell morphology tended to be normal,cell activity was increased,while produc-tion of NO was reduced,and NLRP3,ASC,caspase 1,IL-1β and IL-18 expressions were down-regulated,there was no significant difference between Fasudil intervention group and MCC950 intervention group.Conclusion:Fasudil may alleviate Aβ1-42 induced BV2 cell injury and inflammatory reaction by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation.

Objective To establish a liver-specific Rbp4 gene knockout mouse model and to explore the effect of liver Rbp4 gene deletion on glucose metabolism.Methods Cre-LoxP technology was used to construct a liver-specific Rbp4 gene knockout mouse model using C57/BL6J and Alb-Cre mice.The genotype of the mice was identified by polymerase chain reaction and agarose gel electrophoresis.Ten 18 week old C57/BL6J male mice were included in the WT group,10 flox homozygous and Alb-Cre negative mice of the same age were included in the experimental control group(Rbp4flox/flox:Cre-),and 10 flox homozygous and Alb-Cre positive mice of the same age were included in the experimental group(Rbp4flox/flox:Cre+).Expression levels of RBP4 protein and mRNA in the liver were verified by Western Blot and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR),respectively,and expression levels of Rbp4 mRNA in other tissues were detected by qRT-PCR.Morphological changes in liver tissue were detected by hematoxylin and eosin staining.Blood glucose values were detected in mouse tail vein blood samples using a blood glucose meter,and glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance were determined.Expression levels of the liver glucose metabolism genes phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase(Pepck)and glucose-6-phosphatase(G6pase)were detected by qRT-PCR.Results Liver-specific Rbp4 knockout mice were successfully bred and identified.RBP4 protein and mRNA levels were significantly decreased in the liver of Rbp4flox/flox:Cre+mice(P＜0.05),but there was no significant difference in the relative expression levels of Rbp4 mRNA in fat,kidney,pancreas,spleen,heart,or muscle tissues among the three groups(P＞0.05).Liver-specific Rbp4 knockout had no significant effect on liver morphology,glucose tolerance,or insulin tolerance(P＞0.05).Pepck mRNA levels in the liver differed significantly among the three groups(P＜0.05),and pairwise comparison showed that liver Pepck mRNA levels were significantly lower in Rbp4flox/flox:Cre+mice compared with levels in Rbp4flox/flox:Cre-mice(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in liver glucose-6-phosphatase(G6pase)mRNA expression among the three groups(P＞0.05).Conclusions We successfully constructed a liver-specific Rbp4 knockout mouse model.Deletion of Rbp4 in the liver inhibited expression of Pepck mRNA in the liver,thus providing a basis for further exploration of the role of this gene in glucose metabolism in mice.

The lack of preoperative guidelines for the management of drugs for psychiatric disorders will affect the quality of surgical management of psychiatric patients and increase the probability of perioperative complications.To standardize the preoperative management of medications for the treatment of mental disorders,the Perioperative Assessment and Quality Improvement Society issued《Preoperative Management of Medications for Psychiatric Diseases:Society for Perioperative Assessment and Quality Improvement Consensus Statement》in February 2022 to provide clinicians with recommendations for the preoperative management of psychotropic medications.This article interpreted the consensus,summarized the perioperative interactions,special precautions,and auxiliary examination precautions,and provided corresponding preoperative suggestions on antidepressants,mood stabilizers,anxiety,antipsychotics,and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder drugs,to provide a reference for the standardized management of perioperative drugs.

Tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitors(TNFαi)are a class of biological agents that suppress the immune system and lower inflammatory levels,and they are increasingly employed to treat autoimmune diseases.However,TNFαi theoretically can increase the risk of infection,tumor,and other complications.To increase the safety of perioperative medicine,it is necessary to balance the relative risks of increased complication rates due to continuous medication and symptom aggravation due to medication suspension for patients undergoing surgery.Currently,there is no comprehensive clinical guideline for the perioperative management of TNFαi in China.To provide a reference for the perioperative management of TNFαi,this article used the indications of rheumatoid arthritis,ankylosing spondylitis,inflammatory bowel disease,and psoriasis as its starting point to systematically sort out the recommendations and considerations for the use of TNFαi in the perioperative drug treatment of patients.

The study was designed to investigate the peripheral anti-inflammatory effect of nicotinamide riboside(NR)in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE)mice and its mechanisms.Female C57BL/6 mice were induced by MOG35-55 to prepare EAE model,which then randomly divided into EAE model group and NR treatment group.Mice in EAE model group were given normal saline at a dose of 200 μl/d and mice in NR treatment group were given NR at a dose of 500 mg/kg(200 μl/d)by intragastric administration.Clinical score and body weight of mice in each group were observed and recorded.After mice were sacrificed on the 28th day after immunization,frozen sections of spleen and spinal cord were prepared and proteins of spinal cord were extracted.HE staining was used to detect peripheral inflammatory cells infiltrating spinal cord;immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the number of CD4+T cells and CD68+macrophages in spinal cord of mice;Western blot was used to detect the expression of IFN-γ and IL-1β in spinal cord of mice;immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the number of ROCK-Ⅰ+cells,TLR4+cells,p-NF-κB+cells,TNF-α+cells,IL-1β+cells,IFN-γ+cells,IL-6+cells,IL-10+cells,IL-17+cells,iNOS+cells and Arg-1+cells in spleen of mice.Data showed that compared with EAE model group,NR significantly delayed the onset time of EAE mice(P<0.05),decreased clinical score(P<0.05 or P<0.01),alleviated weight loss,prevented peripheral inflammatory cells from infiltrating spinal cord,decreased the number of CD4+T cells and CD68+macrophages in spinal cord(P<0.01),down-regulated the expression of IFN-γ and IL-1β of spinal cord(P<0.05),inhibited the expression of ROCK-Ⅰ,TLR4 and p-NF-κB in spleen of mice(P<0.01),reduced the secretion of IFN-γ,iNOS,IL-6 and other pro-inflammatory factors in spleen(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and increased the secretion of anti-inflammatory factors Arg-1 and IL-10 in spleen(P<0.05 or P<0.01).In conclusion,NR can effectively alleviate the clinical symptoms of EAE mice and significantly reduce inflammatory response of peripheral and central nervous system,and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of Rho/ROCK signaling pathway and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in spleen of EAE mice.

【Objective】 To analyze the relevant studies on blood donor cohort and explore the current research status, research hotspots and development trends of blood donor cohort studies abroad. 【Methods】 Based on the Web of Science Core Collection, the literature related to blood donor cohort was searched. After screening and data processing, bibliometric analysis was carried out from the volume of literature trends, disciplines, authors, institutional distribution and other aspects of the included literature. At the same time, CiteSpace 5.6R5 software was used to carry out visual analysis of countries/regions, literature co-citation, keyword co-occurrence, keyword clustering and keyword emergence. Results A total of 672 papers (654 research papers, 18 review papers) were included. The total number of papers published in the field of blood donor cohort study showed a steady upward trend since 1991, the fastest growth was between 2019 and 2020. The top three cited authors were Kaaks R (1 301 citations), Rinaldi S (1 186 citations) and Riboli E (1 130 citations); the top three institutions were RLUK library in the UK, the University of California and the University of Copenhagen; the top three countries/regions in the volume of literature were the United States (176 papers), Germany (64 papers) and France (54 papers), and they all co-operated closely with other countries. The top five keywords were "blood donor" , "prevalence" , "infection" , "risk" and "antibody" . A total of 19 clusters were obtained by keyword cluster analysis, it was reflected in the immune mechanism and prevalence of blood-borne diseases, the relationship between blood donation behavior and non-communicable disease and its influencing factors, and the classification of the characteristics of blood donors. "Non-hepatitis B" was the keyword with the greatest burst intensity. The keywords that have burst out in recent years and continue to this day include "donation" , "seroprev-alence" , "donor" and "management" . Conclusion At present, the cohort study of blood donors has been paid more and more attention in the world, and its research trends mainly focus on the study of transfusion-transmitted disease risk. However, more researches begin to pay attention to the health problems and influencing factors of blood donors or recipients, which provides the research ideas and directions for establishing cohort study among blood donors in China.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the clinical characteristics of pulsatile tinnitus induced by sigmoid sinus abnormalities in high and normal intracranial pressure states.METHODS There were 66 patients of pulsatile tinnitus induced by sigmoid sinus abnormalities,including 55 cases of sigmoid sinus wall dehiscence and 11 cases of sigmoid sinus diverticulum.The index of transverse sinus stenosis(ITSS)was used to assess intracranial pressure in magnetic resonance venography(MRV).We obtained 41 cases in intracranial hypertension group and 25 cases in normal intracranial pressure group.The age,gender,handedness,tinnitus lateralization,mean arterial pressure(MAP),body mass index(BMI),tinnitus duration,tinnitus frequency,tinnitus loudness,tinnitus handicap inventory(THI)and blood biochemical examination were recorded to analyze.RESULTS The BMI was 24.98 kg/m2(22.87 kg/m2,28.46 kg/m2)and 24.01 kg/m2(20.34 kg/m2,25.03 kg/m2)and THI score was 45.59±23.47 and 33.84±20.13 in intracranial hypertension group and normal intracranial pressure group,respectively.Compared with normal intracranial pressure group,the BMI and THI of intracranial hypertension group were significantly increased(P was 0.047 and 0.042 respectively).No significant difference were found in other indicators.CONCLUSION There are some different characteristics in pulsatile tinnitus induced by sigmoid sinus abnormalities in high and normal intracranial pressure states,which manifest obviously increased BMI and THI score in pulsatile tinnitus patients with intracranial hypertension.

【Objective】 To provide reference for fine management of blood donors by classifying and analyzing different types of blood donors from domestic blood stations. 【Methods】 The resident population of 15 regions in China from 2016 to 2019 were taken as the research object, among which the blood donors were divided into three categories: age-eligible citizens, registered donors and donated donors. The average value and proportion of the three categories were calculated and statistically analyzed. 【Results】 The resident population of the 15 regions varied greatly. The mean 95% CI of the proportion of age-eligible citizens to resident population from 2016 to 2019 was (60.16%, 67.84%); registered donors to age-eligible citizens and resident population was (2.21%, 2.86%) and (1.41%, 1.79%), respectively; donated donors to registered donors, age-eligible citizens and resident population was (84.63%, 91.68%), (1.93%, 2.55%) and(1.23%, 1.59%), respectively. 【Conclusion】 There were differences in the number and proportion of different types of blood donors in different regions. The fine management of blood donors can help blood stations carry out more effective recruitment and retention strategies.