OBJECTIVE To comprehensively evaluate the quality of Sanzi powder from different batches based on 12 components quantitative analysis combined with chemical pattern recognition and entropy weight-TOPSIS method. METHODS The contents of 12 components in 15 batches of Sanzi powder （No. S1-S15） were determined by HPLC-MS/MS， such as ethyl gallate， gallic acid， ferulic acid， corilagin， genipin-1-O-β-D-gentiobioside， toosendanin， geniposide， caffeic acid， methyl deacetylated coumarinate， tannic acid， rutin， quercetin. Cluster analysis （CA）， principal component analysis （PCA）， and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis （OPLS-DA） were conducted on the assay results. Using variable importance projection （VIP） value＞1 and P＜0.05 as the evaluation criteria， the quality differential markers in Sanzi powder were screened. The entropy weight method was used to calculate the weight value， and TOPSIS method was used to rank the quality of 15 batches of Sanzi powder from superior to inferior. RESULTS The contents of the 12 components were 13.494-24.292， 2 069.608-3 188.100， 1.410-3.616， 1 065.030-2 630.584， 1 404.704-1 838.078， 101.640-354.268， 9 193.720-14 777.854， 1.240-5.060， 148.028-5 541.990， 4 261.422-5 607.438， 107.560- 195.512， 2.226-4.192 μg/g， respectively. The results of CA， PCA and OPLS-DA indicated that 15 batches of Sanzi powder could be clustered into two groups. Specifically， batches S3， S7， S10 and S15 were grouped into one category， and remaining batches were grouped into one category. VIP values of geniposide， quercetin， caffeic acid， and methyl deacetylated coumarinate were all greater than 1， with corresponding P-values less than 0.05. The results of the entropy weight-TOPSIS analysis revealed that methyl deacetylate exhibited the smallest information entropy and the highest weight. The relative closeness degrees of samples S3， S7， S10 and S15 ranged from 0.789 to 0.973， while the remaining samples ranged from 0.054 to 0.172. CONCLUSIONS The contents of 12 components in Sanzi powder could be determined accurately by using HPLC-MS/MS technology. Methyl deacetylated coumarinate， geniposide， quercetin and caffeic acid were identified as the quality differential markers. It was found that the overall quality of samples S3， S7， S10 and S15 were superior to that of other batches. Notably， the quality of Gardeniae Fructus decoction pieces emerges as a critical factor in ensuring the consistency of the preparation’s quality.

Objective: To investigate the status of overweight and obesity among primary and middle school students in Yuyao City, Zhejiang Province, so as to provide the basis for formulating weight management strategies for students. Methods: A census was conducted to investigate 72 primary schools and 23 middle schools students in Yuyao City in 2024, and data such as gender and age were collected through questionnaire surveys. Height and weight were measured to calculate the body mass index (BMI). Based on the BMI thresholds for different gender and age groups, overweight and obesity were determined. Results: Totally 75 082 individuals were surveyed, including 40 435 boys and 34 647 girls. Among them, 55 172 were primary school students and 19 910 were middle school students. A total of 8 677 overweight and 7 042 obese individuals were identified, with detection rates of 11.56% and 9.38%, respectively. The detection rates of overweight and obesity in boys were higher than in girls (14.01% vs. 8.69%, 11.58% vs. 6.81%, both P<0.05). The detection rate of obesity among students in rural schools was higher than students in urban schools (10.12% vs. 8.18%, P<0.05). The detection rates of overweight and obesity of students with non-local household registration were higher than students with local household registration (12.04% vs. 10.77%, 10.44% vs. 7.64%, both P<0.05). The detection rate of overweight showed an upward trend with age (P<0.05), while no significant age-related trend was observed for obesity (P>0.05). Conclusions The detection rates of overweight and obesity were notably high among primary and middle school students in Yuyao City. Boys, students in rural schools, students with non-local household registration, and older students are the key population.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the role of gene silencing or overexpression of Nemo-like kinase (NLK) during the process of neural differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs), and to explore the effect of NLK downregulation by transfection of small interfering RNA (siRNA) on promoting neuralized tissue engineered bone regeneration. METHODS: NLK-knockdown hBMSCs were established by transfection of siRNA (the experimental group was transfected with siRNA silencing the NLK gene, the control group was transfected with control siRNA and labeled as negative control group), and NLK-overexpression hBMSCs were established using lentivirus vector transfection technique (the experimental group was infected with lentivirus overexpressing the NLK gene, the control group was infected with an empty vector lentivirus and labeled as the empty vector group). After neurogenic induction, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to detect the expression of neural-related gene, and Western blot as well as immunofluorescence staining about several specific neural markers were used to evaluate the neural differentiation ability of hBMSCs.6-week-old male nude mice were divided into 4 groups: ① β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) group, ② β-TCP+ osteogenic induced hBMSCs group, ③ β-TCP+ siRNA-negative control (siRNA-NC) transfection hBMSCs group, ④ β-TCP+ siRNA-NLK transfection hBMSCs group. Four weeks after the subcutaneous ectopic osteogenesis models were established, the osteogenesis and neurogenesis were detected by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, Masson staining and tissue immunofluorescence assay. Statistical analysis was conducted by independent sample t test. RESULTS: After gene silencing of NLK by siRNA in hBMSCs, neural-related genes, including the class Ⅲ β-tubulin (TUBB3), microtubule association protein-2 (MAP2), soluble protein-100 (S100), nestin (NES), NG2 proteoglycan (NG2) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), were increased significantly in NLK-knockdown hBMSCs compared with the negative control group(P < 0.05), and the expression levels of TUBB3 and MAP2 of the NLK silencing group were also increased. Oppositely, after NLK was overexpressed using lentivirus vector transfection technique, TUBB3, MAP2, S100 and NG2 were significantly decreased in NLK-overexpression hBMSCs compared with the empty vector group (P < 0.05), and the expression level of TUBB3 was also decreased. 4 weeks after the subcutaneous ectopic osteogenesis model was established, more mineralized tissues were formed in the β-TCP+ siRNA-NLK transfection hBMSCs group compared with the other three groups, and the expression of BMP2 and S100 was higher in the β-TCP+ siRNA-NLK transfection hBMSCs group than in the other groups. CONCLUSION Gene silencing of NLK by siRNA promoted the ability of neural differentiation of hBMSCs in vitro and promoted neuralized tissue engineered bone formation in subcutaneous ectopic osteogenic models in vivo in nude mice.
Bone Regeneration/genetics* ; Animals ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells/cytology* ; Humans ; RNA, Small Interfering/genetics* ; Tissue Engineering/methods* ; Cell Differentiation ; Mice, Nude ; Gene Silencing ; Mice ; Male ; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics* ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/genetics* ; Transfection ; Cells, Cultured ; Lentivirus/genetics*

Host-derived small RNAs are emerging as critical regulators in the dynamic interactions between host tissues and the microbiome, with implications for microbial pathogenesis and host defense. Among these, transfer RNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) have garnered attention for their roles in modulating microbial behavior. However, the bacterial factors mediating tsRNA interaction and functionality remain poorly understood. In this study, using RNA affinity pull-down assay in combination with mass spectrometry, we identified a putative membrane-bound protein, annotated as P-type ATPase transporter (PtaT) in Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn), which binds Fn-targeting tsRNAs in a sequence-specific manner. Through targeted mutagenesis and phenotypic characterization, we showed that in both the Fn type strain and a clinical tumor isolate, deletion of ptaT led to reduced tsRNA intake and enhanced resistance to tsRNA-induced growth inhibition. Global RNA sequencing and label-free Raman spectroscopy revealed the phenotypic differences between Fn wild type and PtaT-deficient mutant, highlighting the functional significance of PtaT in purine and pyrimidine metabolism. Furthermore, AlphaFold 3 prediction provides evidence supporting the specific binding between PtaT and Fn-targeting tsRNA. By uncovering the first RNA-binding protein in Fn implicated in growth modulation through interactions with host-derived small RNAs (sRNAs), our study offers new insights into sRNA-mediated host-pathogen interplay within the context of microbiome-host interactions.
Fusobacterium nucleatum/growth & development* ; RNA-Binding Proteins/genetics* ; Bacterial Proteins/genetics* ; RNA, Bacterial/metabolism* ; Humans ; RNA, Transfer/metabolism*

Objective To construct a patient decision aid(PtDA)for exercise training in pa-tients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)and explore its impacts on decision-making quality of patients' exercise regimens.Methods The development of the PtDA for exercise training in COPD patients was accomplished through literature analysis,the Delphi method,and user surveys,followed by an intervention study.A total of 59 inpatients with COPD were included as study sub-jects.The control group received routine care along with general exercise training guidance,while the intervention group received routine care combined with shared decision-making for exercise training based on the PtDA.The decision conflict and decision preparedness levels of patients in both groups were compared before the intervention and on the day of discharge.The exercise self-efficacy of pa-tients was measured before intervention,on the day of discharge,and 1 month and 3 months after dis-charge.Results The intervention group had significantly lower scores for decision conflict and signif-icantly higher scores for decision preparedness and exercise self-efficacy compared with the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion The PtDA for exercise training can improve decision conflict and de-cision preparedness in COPD patients,enhance their exercise self-efficacy levels,and provide references for healthcare professionals in improving exercise adherence.

Objective To investigate the health status of workers exposed to noise in a brewery in Beijing and to analyze the relationship between hearing loss and blood pressure. Methods A total of 949 noise-exposed workers in a brewery who participated in occupational health examination were selected as the investigation subjects. A survey was conducted to investigate the pure tone hearing threshold and abnormal blood pressure of the workers with different characteristics, and to analyze the relationship between the two. Results Among the noise-exposed workers, the detection rates of hearing abnormality, hypertension, and increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure were 73.55%, 52.37%, 43.84% and 46.47%, respectively. The detection rates of hearing abnormality, indicators of hypertension, high frequency hearing threshold abnormality and increased binaural high frequency hearing threshold on average in males were higher than those in females (P < 0.05). Except that there was no statistically significant difference in weighted values of the better ear’s hearing thresholds among different working age groups (P> 0.05), the detection rates of other hearing abnormality, indicators of hypertension, speech frequency hearing threshold abnormality, high frequency hearing threshold abnormality，increased binaural high frequency hearing threshold on average and the weighted value of the better ear's hearing threshold all increased or had an increasing trend with the increase of age or working years (P< 0.05). The detection rates of hypertension in the groups with high frequency hearing threshold abnormality and increased binaural high frequency hearing threshold on average were higher than those in the normal group (P＜0.05). Conclusion The noise-exposed workers in the brewery have hearing impairment, which is related to the occurrence of hypertension. It is recommended to strengthen the publicity and education on noise protection and take protective measures to reduce the occurrence of occupational noise injury.

Objective To conduct content analysis of competency assessment indicators for clinical pharmacists both domestically and internationally,thereby providing reference for the construction of competency for clinical pharmacists.Methods Literature related to the competency of clinical pharmacists at home and abroad was retrieved.Content analysis was applied to literature that met the criteria.Results Ultimately,22 articles and 14 competency frameworks were included.From these,5 primary categories including personal qualities,knowledge,individual abilities,pharmaceutical services,teaching and research,15 secondary categories and 61 tertiary categories were extracted.Conclusion The competency indicator system for clinical pharmacists was initially constructed,providing reference for clinical pharmacists in practical work.

Tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitors(TNFαi)are a class of biological agents that suppress the immune system and lower inflammatory levels,and they are increasingly employed to treat autoimmune diseases.However,TNFαi theoretically can increase the risk of infection,tumor,and other complications.To increase the safety of perioperative medicine,it is necessary to balance the relative risks of increased complication rates due to continuous medication and symptom aggravation due to medication suspension for patients undergoing surgery.Currently,there is no comprehensive clinical guideline for the perioperative management of TNFαi in China.To provide a reference for the perioperative management of TNFαi,this article used the indications of rheumatoid arthritis,ankylosing spondylitis,inflammatory bowel disease,and psoriasis as its starting point to systematically sort out the recommendations and considerations for the use of TNFαi in the perioperative drug treatment of patients.