To elucidate the mechanism by which steaming affects the quality of Curcuma kwangsiensis root tubers, methods such as LSCM, RVA, dual-wavelength spectrophotometry, LF-NMR, and LC-MS were employed to qualitatively and quantitatively detect changes in starch gelatinization characteristics, water distribution, and material composition of C. kwangsiensis root tubers under different steaming durations. Based on multivariate statistical analysis, the correlation between differences in gelatinization parameters, water distribution, and terpenoid material composition was investigated. The results indicate that steaming affects both starch gelatinization and water distribution in C. kwangsiensis. During the steaming process, transformations occur between amylose and amylopectin, as well as between semi-bound water and free water. After 60 min of steaming, starch gelatinization and water distribution reached an equilibrium state. The content of amylopectin, the amylose-to-amylopectin ratio, and parameters such as gelatinization temperature, viscosity, breakdown value, and setback value were significantly correlated(P≤0.05). Additionally, the amylose-to-amylopectin ratio was significantly correlated with total free water and total water content(P≤0.05). Steaming induced differences in the material composition of C. kwangsiensis root tubers. Clustering of primary metabolites in the OPLS-DA model was distinct, while secondary metabolites were classified into 9 clusters using the K-means clustering algorithm. Differential terpenoid metabolites such as(-)-α-curcumene were significantly correlated with zerumbone, retinal, and all-trans-retinoic acid(P<0.05). Curcumenol was significantly correlated with isoalantolactone and ursolic acid(P<0.05), while all-trans-retinoic acid was significantly correlated with both zerumbone and retinal(P<0.05). Alpha-tocotrienol exhibited a significant correlation with retinal and all-trans-retinoic acid(P<0.05). Amylose was extremely significantly correlated with(-)-α-curcumene, curcumenol, zerumbone, retinal, all-trans-retinoic acid, and α-tocotrienol(P<0.05). Amylopectin was significantly correlated with zerumbone(P<0.05) and extremely significantly correlated with(-)-α-curcumene, curcumenol, zerumbone, retinal, all-trans-retinoic acid, and 9-cis-retinoic acid(P<0.01). The results provide scientific evidence for elucidating the mechanism of quality formation of steamed C. kwangsiensis root tubers as a medicinal material.
Curcuma/chemistry* ; Starch/chemistry* ; Multivariate Analysis ; Water/chemistry* ; Terpenes/analysis* ; Plant Roots/chemistry* ; Plant Tubers/chemistry* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry*

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide and a major cause of cancer-related deaths. Early-stage lung cancer is often manifested as pulmonary nodules, and accurate assessment of the malignancy risk is crucial for prolonging survival and avoiding overtreatment. This study aims to construct a model based on image feature parameters automatically extracted by artificial intelligence (AI) to evaluate its effectiveness in predicting the malignancy of part-solid nodule (PSN). METHODS: This retrospective study analyzed 229 PSN from 222 patients who underwent pulmonary nodule resection at Lanzhou University Second Hospital between October 2020 and February 2025. According to pathological results, 45 cases of benign lesions and precursor glandular lesion were categorized into the non-malignant group, and 184 cases of pulmonary malignancies were categorized into the malignant group. All patients underwent preoperative chest computed tomography (CT), and AI software was used to extract imaging feature parameters. Univariate analysis was used to screen significant variables; variance inflation factor (VIF) was calculated to exclude highly collinear variables, and LASSO regression was further applied to identify key features. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to determine independent risk factors. Based on the selected variables, five models were constructed: Logistic regression, random forest, XGBoost, LightGBM, and support vector machine (SVM). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess the performance of the models. RESULTS: The independent risk factors for the malignancy of PSN include roughness (ngtdm), dependence variance (gldm), and short run low gray-level emphasis (glrlm). Logistic regression achieved area under the curves ( AUCs) of 0.86 and 0.89 in the training and testing sets, respectively, showing good performance. XGBoost had AUCs of 0.78 and 0.77, respectively, demonstrating relatively balanced performance, but with lower accuracy. SVM showed an AUC of 0.93 in the training set, which decreased to 0.80 in the testing set, indicating overfitting. LightGBM performed excellently in the training set with an AUC of 0.94, but its performance declined in the testing set, with an AUC of 0.88. In contrast, random forest demonstrated stable performance in both the training and testing sets, with AUCs of 0.89 and 0.91, respectively, exhibiting high stability and excellent generalizability. CONCLUSIONS The random forest model constructed based on independent risk factors demonstrated the best performance in predicting the malignancy of PSN and could provide effective auxiliary predictions for clinicians, supporting individualized treatment decisions.
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Humans ; Male ; Female ; Lung Neoplasms/pathology* ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Artificial Intelligence ; Aged ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Adult ; Solitary Pulmonary Nodule/diagnostic imaging* ; ROC Curve

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of innovative perioperative pain management on prostate cancer patients with hematuria undergoing prostatic artery embolization (PAE). METHODS: A total of 60 patients undergoing PAE in the Interventional Therapy Department of General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command from May 2024 to January 2025 were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly divided into the intervention group and the control group, with 30 patients in each group. The control group received traditional pain management of nursing. An innovative perioperative pain management was performed in intervention group including preoperative "body-mind-pain" holistic assessment and preparation, intraoperative humanistic care and real-time support, postoperative multimodal analgesia and rehabilitation, dynamic monitoring and closed-loop feedback. The pain degree after 6 hours, 1 day, 3 days and 1 week of the operation, and the quality of life after 1 week of operation, as well as nursing satisfaction at discharge were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The VAS scores of the intervention group were significantly lower than those of the control group after 6 hours, 1 day, 3 days and 1 week of operation (P<0.05). One week after the operation, the quality of life in the observation group was higher than that of the control group significantly (P<0.05). The nursing satisfaction of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group at discharge(P<0.05). CONCLUSION The application of innovative perioperative pain management can alleviate pain of patients with PAE, which improves the quality of life and nursing satisfaction of patients, and is conducive to the rehabilitation of patients.
Humans ; Male ; Embolization, Therapeutic ; Hematuria/therapy* ; Prostatic Neoplasms/surgery* ; Pain Management/methods* ; Quality of Life ; Prostate/blood supply* ; Perioperative Care ; Pain, Postoperative ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Pain Measurement

Mechanical pain is one of the most common causes of clinical pain, but there remains a lack of effective treatment for debilitating mechanical and chronic forms of neuropathic pain. Recently, neurotoxin GsMTx4, a selective mechanosensitive (MS) channel inhibitor, has been found to be effective, while the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Here, with multiple rodent pain models, we demonstrated that a GsMTx4-based 17-residue peptide, which we call P10581, was able to reduce mechanical hyperalgesia and neuropathic pain. The analgesic effects of P10581 can be as strong as morphine but is not toxic in animal models. The anti-hyperalgesic effect of the peptide was resistant to naloxone (an μ-opioid receptor antagonist) and showed no side effects of morphine, including tolerance, motor impairment, and conditioned place preference. Pharmacological inhibition of TRPV4 by P10581 in a heterogeneous expression system, combined with the use of Trpv4 knockout mice indicates that TRPV4 channels may act as the potential target for the analgesic effect of P10581. Our study identified a potential drug for curing mechanical pain and exposed its mechanism.

Objective:To analyze the relationship between neck pain severity and duration and cervical sagittal parameters in non-specific neck pain (NNP) patients from a real world data, and to initially explore the relationship between NNP and cervical sagittal position sequence.Methods:The clinical data of 126 patients with main complaint of neck pain in the outpatient department of Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University from January to September 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. This cohort included 84 female and 42 male patients with a mean age of (42.21±14.88) years (aged from 15 to 76 years). According to the duration of neck pain was more than 3 month or not, patients were divided into acute neck pain group ( n=57) and chronic neck pain group ( n=69). Patients were divided into mild neck pain group ( n=72) and moderate and severe neck pain group ( n=54) according to the severity of neck pain. The duration and visual analogue scale (VAS) of neck pain for each patient was recorded. Cervical sagittal related parameters, including cervical lordosis (C 2-C 7 Cobb′ angle, CL), C 2-C 7 sagittal vertical axis (cSVA), T 1 slope (TS) were measured by cervical lateral X-ray, and the value of T 1 slope minus cervical lordosis (TS-CL) was calculated. At the same time, cervical lateral X-ray was used to record whether the patient had cervical kyphosis and whether the patient was associated with ossification of the nuchal ligament (ONL). The VAS score of neck pain was expressed as the median (interquartile) [ M( Q1, Q3)]. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as mean±standard deviation( ± s), and the comparison between groups was conducted using the t-test; the comparison of count data were represented as cases and percentage, and was conducted by Chi-square test. Spearman correlation analysis was used to investigate the correlation of VAS score and duration of neck pain with age, gender, imaging parameters (CL, cSVA, TS, TS-CL), cervical kyphosis and ONL. Results:The median VAS score of all patients with neck pain was 4(3, 5). For all patients, VAS score of neck pain was significantly correlated with cSVA ( P=0.029) and TS-CL ( P=0.028). There was no correlation between VAS score and CL ( P=0.235), TS ( P=0.355), with cervical kyphosis or not ( P=0.988), or with ONL or not ( P=0.181). The TS-CL values of acute neck pain group and chronic neck pain group were (11.80±8.38)° and (8.77±7.61)°, respectively, with a significant difference ( P=0.035). There was no significant difference in the incidence of cSVA, CL, TS, ONL and cervical kyphosis between the two groups ( P>0.05). The cSVA of mild neck pain group and moderate and severe neck pain group were (1.16±0.94) cm and (1.80±1.04) cm, respectively. CL was (12.25±10.76)° and (8.27±9.08)°, respectively. The TS-CL values were (8.11±7.54)° and (12.84±8.04)°, respectively, and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The incidence of ONL in moderate and severe neck pain group was significantly higher (35.2% vs 19.4%), and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The severity of NNP was significantly correlated with cSVA, the more severe the neck pain, the more the mismatch between TS and CL was presented. Compared with chronic neck pain, patients with acute neck pain tended to appear TS and CL mismatch. There was a large value of cSVA and TS-CL in moderate and severe neck pain patients. The incidence of ONL was significantly increased in patients with moderate and severe neck pain.

Objective:To evaluate the perioperative application effect of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) clinical pathway in percutaneous vertebro plasty (PVP).Methods:The clinical data of 274 patients who underwent PVP treatment for osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) in Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University from May 2023 to August 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups according to the different numbers of surgical segments: the single-segment group ( n=211) and the multisegment group ( n=63). Patients in the single-segment group underwent single-segment surgery, while patients in the multisegment group underwent surgery on ≥2 segments. The core points of the ERAS clinical pathway adopted in this study include perioperative education, pain management, early mobilization, application of "outfast", and joint guidance from the departments of nutrition and rehabilitation. Comparison was made between the two groups of patients in terms of visual analog scale (VAS) scores for low back pain at preoperative, 2 h, 6 h, 24 h postoperatively, and on the day of discharge; Oswestry disability index (ODI) scores preoperatively and on the day of discharge; time to first ambulation postoperatively, total length of hospital stay, postoperative length of stay, perioperative complications, and perioperative application of Opioid consumption. Measurement data were expressed as mean±standard deviation ( ± s), and the independent sample t-test was used for comparison between groups; count data were expressed as cases and percentage, and the Chi-square test was used for comparison between groups. The VAS pain scores at each stage of the perioperative period were evaluated using repeated measures analysis of variance or generalized estimating equations. Results:Compared with that before the operation [(6.17±0.93) points, (6.29±0.83) points], the VAS scores of low back pain of patients in the single-segment group and the multisegment group at 2 hours after surgery [(3.09±0.82) points, (3.27±0.65) points], 6 hours after surgery [(2.60±0.79) points, (2.62±0.55) points], and 24 hours after surgery [(1.89±0.77) points, (1.97±0.72) points] and on the day of discharge [(1.72±0.71) points, (1.81±0.64) points] were significantly decreased, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). At the same stage, the VAS scores of low back pain in both groups were not statistically significant ( P>0.05). The ODI scores of patients in the single-segment group and the multisegment group on the day of discharge [(24.21±2.35) points, (24.63±3.31) points] were significantly lower than those before the operation [(64.50±4.81) points, (65.52±4.08) points], and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in perioperative complications and the proportion of Opioid drug application between the two groups of patients ( P>0.05). Conclusion:For patients with single-segment or multisegment OVCF, PVP surgical treatment under ERAS clinical pathway management can achieve immediate pain relief, early ambulation exercise, and satisfactory perioperative efficacy.

Objective To investigate the mechanism by which Senegenin(SEN)alleviates microglial inflammatory response through the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)/NOD-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3)pathway.Methods BV2 mouse microglia cells were randomly divided into control group,model group,SEN group and MCC950 group.Cells in control group were not treated,and cells in model group were added with 1 μg/ml lipopolysaccharide(LPS);Cells in SEN group were added with 1 μg/ml LPS+4 μmol/L SEN,and cells in MCC950 group were added with 1 μg/ml LPS+10 μmol/L MCC950 for 24 hours.CCK-8 method was used to detect the effect of different concentrations of SEN on the viability of BV2 cells.Griess method was used to determine the release amount of nitric oxide(NO)in the supernatant.Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was used to determine the mRNA expression levels of NLRP3,lymphocyte apoptosis-associated spect-like protein containing a CARD(ASC),caspase-1,interleukin(IL)-1β and IL-18 mRNA.Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the expression levels of ASC,IL-1β,Nrf2 and heme oxygenase-1(HO-1).Western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of NLRP3,caspase-1,ASC,IL-1β,IL-18,Nrf2,HO-1,nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB)and inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS).Results The results of CCK-8 method showed that there was no significant difference in the viability of BV2 cells treated with 2～20 μmol/L SEN compared with control group(P>0.05).Compared with control group,the viability of BV2 cells in model group decreased significantly(P<0.05).Compared with model group,the viability of BV2 cells in 4 μmol/L SEN group was significantly restored(P<0.05).Compared with control group,the results of Griess method showed that the release amount of NO in cells of model group increased significantly(P<0.05);the results of real-time PCR showed that the expression levels of NLRP3,ASC,caspase-1,IL-1β and IL-18 mRNA in cells of model group increased significantly(P<0.05);the results of Western blotting showed that the protein expression levels of NLRP3,ASC,caspase-1,IL-1β and IL-18 proteins in cells of model group increased significantly(P<0.05),and the immunofluorescence staining results showed that the expression levels of iNOS and NF-κB protein in cells of model group increased,and the expression levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 decreased,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Compared with model group,the release amount of NO in cells of SEN group and MCC950 group decreased,and the expression levels of NLRP3,ASC,caspase-1,IL-1β and IL-18 mRNA and proteins decreased,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05);in the SEN group,the expression levels of iNOS and NF-κB decreased,and immunofluorescence staining showed that Nrf2 was translocated into the nucleus,and the expression levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 proteins increased significantly,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusions SEN could alleviate the inflammatory response of mouse microglia cells induced by LPS and inhibit the activation and expression of NLRP3 inflammasome,with an effect comparable to that of the inflammasome inhibitor MCC950.The mechanism may be related to the regulation of the expression of upstream factors Nrf2 and HO-1.

Objective To investigate the effect of dorsal repulsive axon guidance protein(Draxin)on the migration of trunk neural crest cells during the early development of embryonic mouse spinal cord.Methods Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization were used to detect the expression characteristics of Draxin in early embryonic spinal cord(8 mice each group);In situ hybridization was used to detect the change of migration characteristics of trunk neural crest cells in early embryonic spinal cord of different types of mouse(5 mice each group);in vitro culture method was used to check the effect of Draxin on the migration characteristics of embryonic mouse trunk neural crest cells(16 mice each group).Resultsβ-galactosidase gene Z(LacZ)gene was introduced when Draxin gene was knocked out to produce Draxin gene knockout mice.β-galactosidase staining was used to detect LacZ gene expression in Draxin knockout embryonic mice,and the result showed that Draxin expression was observed in the spinal cord of early embryonic mice since 9.5 days(E9.5).Draxin expression was obvious in the embryonic mice spinal cord in E10.5 period.In situ hybridization was used to detect the expression of Draxin gene in the spinal cord of wild type embryonic mice,and the result further verified the obvious expression of Draxin in the early embryonic mice spinal cord in El0.5 period.Sox10 in situ hybridization was used to detect neural crest cell migration in the spinal cord of embryonic mice in E10.5 period.The result showed that segmental migration of neural crest cells in the early embryonic spinal cord of some Draxin knockout mice was delayed compared with the wild type mice.The effect of Draxin on the migration of wild type early embryonic mice trunk neural crest cells in vitro was tested.The result showed that Draxin reduced the migration distance of neural crest cells in vitro.Conclusion In the early developmental stage of embryonic spinal cord(E9.5-E10.5),neural crest cells migrated exuberant.At the same time,Draxin plays an important inhibitory function in the formation of the specific migration pathways of trunk neural crest cells by promoting neural crest cells migrating away from Draxin expressing regions.

Qizhi Weitong granules composed of Bupleuri Radix， Paeoniae Radix Alba， Aurantii Fructus， Cyperi Rhizoma （processed）， Corydalis Rhizoma （processed）， and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma have the effects of soothing the liver， regulating Qi movement， and harmonizing the stomach to relieve pain. This preparation is thus used for the treatment of liver depression， Qi stagnation， chest distension， and epigastric pain. It has become a first-line medication for the treatment of epigastric pain after years of clinical practice. At present， researchers have carried out extensive studies on Qizhi Weitong granules， including the optimization of the extraction and purification process， identification of chemical components， characterization of absorbed components， establishment of quality control methods， validation of pharmacological effect on digestive system diseases， exploration of the mechanism， and observation of clinical efficacy. The studies have achieved fruitful results. This article summarizes the research achievements related to Qizhi Weitong granules in recent years from pharmacological substances， quality control， pharmacological effect， mechanism of action， and clinical efficacy， aiming to provide ideas for in-depth research and modern development of Qizhi Weitong granules.