Ulcerative colitis is a chronic relapsing inflammatory bowel disease. Modern research indicates that immune dysregulation resulting from disruptions in circadian rhythm is closely associated with its pathogenesis. Both Western chronomedicine and traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）" treatment based on temporal factors" emphasize the temporal relationship between natural rhythms and human physiology and pathology. The " midnight-noon and ebb-flow " theory represents the concrete application and deepening of TCM " treatment based on temporal factors" within the realm of chronomedicine. This article correlates the onset time of ulcerative colitis with specific periods in the " midnight-noon and ebb-flow"theory：the Mao period（05：00-07：00），when the yangming large intestine meridian of hand is dominant； the Si period（09：00-11：00），when the taiyin spleen meridian of foot is dominant； and the You period（17：00-19：00），when the shaoyin kidney meridian of foot is dominant. According to this perspective，if the disease manifests during the Mao period，the pathogenesis is attributed to dampnessheat accumulation and disorder of qi and blood. Treatment should focus on clearing heat，resolving dampness，and harmonizing qi and blood，using modified formulas such as Shaoyao Decoction or Baitouweng Decoction. If it occurs during the Si period，the pathogenesis involves spleen deficiency with dampness obstruction and disharmony of qi and blood. Treatment should focus on strengthening the spleen，eliminating dampness，and restoring qi and blood，using modified formulas such as Huangya Decoction or Shenling Baizhu Powder. If it presents during the You period，the pathogenesis is characterized by fire failing to warm earth，and consumption resulting in qi and blood leakage. Treatment should focus on warming the kidney and spleen，and securing qi and blood，using modified formulas such as Sishen Pill or Tianhun Decoction. In addition to oral administration of Chinese herbal medicine，comprehensive therapies including acupuncture，herbal enemas，and acupoint application can provide novel insights for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of ulcerative colitis.

Rubi Fructus has a long history of medicinal and edible use in China. It contains chemical components such as terpenes, flavonoids, phenolic acids, fatty acids, and alkaloids, and possesses various pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, anti-tumor, anti-osteoporosis, and liver-protective effects. Rubi Fructus is widely applied in medical, health, and food fields. The quality of Rubi Fructus can directly affect the safety and effectiveness of clinical medication. Therefore, this article reviews the research progress on the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Rubi Fructus. Based on the concept of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) quality markers(Q-markers), the article explores the screening and determination of Q-markers for Rubi Fructus from various aspects, including plant kinship, traditional efficacy, medicinal properties, measurability of chemical composition, different processing methods, producing areas, harvesting periods, and planting conditions. The components ellagic acid, kaempferol, quercetin, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, rutin, astragalin, tiliroside, and hyperoside are preliminarily proposed as Q-markers for Rubi Fructus, providing a reference for the quality control of Rubi Fructus.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology* ; Humans ; Rubus/chemistry* ; Fruit/chemistry* ; Quality Control ; Animals

Eucommiae Cortex, the dried bark of Eucommia ulmoides( Eucommiaceae), has both medicinal and edible values.Modern research has shown that Eucommiae Cortex contains various components such as flavonoids, lignans, iridoids, phenolic acids,terpenoids, and steroids, which have anti-osteoporosis, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, blood glucose-lowering, and gastrointestinal tract-protecting effects. Eucommiae Cortex has applications in multiple fields such as healthcare, industry, and animal husbandry,demonstrating broad development prospects. This article reviews the chemical constituents, pharmacological effects, and quality control status of Eucommiae Cortex. Furthermore, according to the concept of quality marker(Q-marker), this article predicts the Q-markers of Eucommiae Cortex from traditional medicinal properties, traditional medicinal effects, new medicinal effects, measurability of chemical components, compatibility, harvesting periods, and geographical origins. The components such as pinoresinol diglucoside,chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, quercetin, baicalein, baicalin, olivil, coniferyl ferulate, and kaempferol can be used as Q-markers for Eucommiae Cortex, which provide reference for establishing a systematic quality control system for Eucommiae Cortex.
Eucommiaceae/chemistry* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology* ; Quality Control ; Humans ; Animals

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of enteral nutrition combined with trocar puncture with a sump drain in the treatment of Crohn's disease(CD)complicated by intra-abdominal abscess.Methods:A descriptive case series study was conducted.Clinical data of CD patients with intra-abdominal abscess who received enteral nutrition and trocar puncture with a sump drain at the Intestinal Fistula and Intra-abdominal Infection Center of Nanjing BenQ Hospital between June 2018 and December 2022 were retrospectively collected.Laboratory parameters,including white blood cell(WBC)count,C-reactive protein(CRP),and procalcitonin(PCT),were recorded at baseline(pre-puncture)and on days 1,3,and 7 post-puncture.Changes in clinical indicators before and after intervention were compared.Results:All 19 CD patients with intra-abdominal abscess successfully underwent CT-guided trocar puncture with a sump drain,with fistulography confirming the presence of intestinal fistula.No post-procedural complications,including puncture site infection,new-onset intestinal fistula or intra-abdominal hemorrhage,were observed.The median treatment duration was 58.3 days(range:14～300 days).10 patients achieved spontaneous healing while 9 eventually underwent surgical intervention for unresolved fistulas.Post-puncture WBC levels decreased significantly on days 1,3,and 7 compared to baseline(P<0.05).Serum CRP levels increased markedly on day 1 post-puncture(P<0.05)but declined significantly by days 3 and 7(P<0.05).No statistically significant difference was observed in serum procalcitonin levels before and after puncture(P>0.05).Conclusion:The combination of enteral nutrition and trocar puncture with a sump drain is safe,feasible,and effective for managing CD complicated by intra-abdominal abscess.

Objective To investigate the distribution and antimicrobial resistance profiles of clinically isolated Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis in hospitals across China from 2015 to 2021,and provide evidence for rational use of antimicrobial agents.Methods Data of H.influenzae and M.catarrhalis strains isolated from 2015 to 2021 in CHINET program were collected for analysis,and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disc diffusion method or automated systems according to the uniform protocol of CHINET.The results were interpreted according to the CLSI breakpoints in 2022.Beta-lactamases was detected by using nitrocefin disk.Results From 2015 to 2021,a total of 43 642 strains of Haemophilus species were isolated,accounting for 2.91％of the total clinical isolates and 4.07％of Gram-negative bacteria in CHINET program.Among the 40 437 strains of H.influenzae,66.89％were isolated from children and 33.11％were isolated from adults.More than 90％of the H.influenzae strains were isolated from respiratory tract specimens.The prevalence of β-lactamase was 53.79％in H.influenzae strains.The H.influenzae strains isolated from children showed higher resistance rate than the strains isolated from adults.Overall,779 strains of H.influenzae did not produce β-lactamase but were resistant to ampicillin(BLNAR).Beta-lactamase-producing strains showed significantly higher resistance rates to these antimicrobial agents than the β-lactamase-nonproducing strains.Of the 16 191 M.catarrhalis strains,80.06％were isolated from children and 19.94％isolated from adults.M.catarrhalis strains were mostly susceptible to both amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and cefuroxime,evidenced by resistance rate lower than 2.0％.Conclusions The emergence of antibiotic-resistant H.influenzae due to β-lactamase production poses a challenge for clinical anti-infective treatment.Therefore,it is very important to implement antibiotic resistance surveillance for H.influenzae and guide rational antibiotic use.All local clinical microbiology laboratories should actively improve antibiotic susceptibility testing and strengthen antibiotic resistance surveillance for H.influenzae.

Severe open tibiofibular fractures account for approximately 28.1% of all open fractures. Among them, Gustilo-Anderson type IIIB/C fractures present significant clinical challenges due to associated bone and soft tissue defects, high infection rates, and risk of amputation. Inadequate preoperative assessment may lead to suboptimal emergency surgical planning or intraoperative complications. Historically, external fixation was often preferred, but this approach has been associated with limitations such as restricted joint mobility, delayed bone union, joint stiffness, and disuse osteoporosis, resulting in poor functional recovery. With advancements of debridement techniques, standardization of antibiotic use, and popularization of early soft tissue coverage, early internal fixation has gained broader acceptance. Nevertheless, controversies persist regarding the choice of fixation method, timing of definitive fixation, use of reamed versus unreamed intramedullary nailing, and necessity of fibular fixation. To standardize the diagnosis and early management of severe open tibiofibular fractures, reduce complication rates, and improve functional recovery, the Society of Microsurgery of the Chinese Medical Association organized a panel of domestic experts to develop the Evidence-based guideline for the diagnosis and early fixation of severe open tibiofibular fractures ( version 2025), using evidence-based methodology. The guidelines provided 12 recommendations covering diagnostic and early fixation strategies of severe open tibiofibular fractures, aiming to provide clinicians with scientifically grounded and standardized guidance.

BACKGROUND:Unique advantages of 3D printing technology have opened up new ideas for the development of stomatology.OBJECTIVE:To summarize the application progress of 3D printing technology in stomatology.METHODS:The relevant articles were searched in CNKI and PubMed by computer.Classification search was performed using"3D printing,oral science"as Chinese search terms.Keyword search was conducted using"three-dimensional printing,stomatology,dentistry,prosthodontics,oral implant,orthodontics,oral and maxillofacial surgery,dental pulp disease,periodontitis"as English search terms.The literature that was not related to the theme of the article was initially excluded after reading.According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,54 articles were finally included for review.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In the field of stomatology,the application scope of 3D printing technology is rapidly expanding,gradually replacing the traditional clinical diagnosis and treatment methods.Through the combination of digital technology and advanced material science,3D printing can accurately create 3D models,providing personalized solutions for the treatment of oral diseases,ensuring that doctors can carry out detailed planning and preview before surgery,and improve the safety of surgery.3D printing technology has shown significant advantages in customized denture production,personalized implantation,bracket-free invisible orthodontics,etc.Based on this technology,doctors can implement accurate design and production according to the patient's oral structure and needs,bringing patients a good treatment experience and prognosis.3D printing technology has also shown great potential in minimally invasive endodontic treatment and periodontal tissue regeneration,3D printed scaffolds and implants can provide a suitable environment for stem cells to promote the regeneration and repair of periodontal tissues,but at present,3D printing is still in the development stage of regenerative therapy,and more research and practice are needed to verify the effect and safety of its clinical application.

Objective To understand the current status of the job competency of full-time healthcare-associated in-fection(HAI)management professionals in all levels and types of medical institutions across China,and provide in-formation and basis for professional training,competency improvement,and career planning.Methods The strati-fied sampling method was adopted to select HAI management professionals from medical institutions in 31 provin-cial-level administrative regions across the country as the research subjects.The designed content of questionnaire involved four parts,including the surveyed personnel's basic information,daily job competency assessment,satis-faction level towards the job,as well as opinions and suggestions on the management of full-time HAI management professionals.The assessment on daily job competency was divided into 13 dimensions,ranging from very incompe-tent to very competent in 5 levels.The scores of HAI management professionals with different professional back-grounds were compared and analyzed.Results A total of 8 709 valid questionnaires were collected,with 3 475 and 3 697 surveyed personnel from tertiary and secondary medical institutions,respectively,and 1 537 from primary or unclassified medical institutions.The overall average score for the competency assessment of full-time HAI manage-ment professionals was(4.17±0.80)points.The scores of professionals with different professional backgrounds,from high to low,were as follows:nursing([4.12±0.81]points),clinical medicine([4.07±0.86]points),pre-ventive medicine([3.93±0.92]points),laboratory medicine([3.88±0.93]points),pharmacy([3.86±0.94]points),and health management([3.85±0.95]points).For the core competency of HAI management professio-nals,such as monitoring and analyzing HAI cases,identifying and investigating HAI outbreaks,the assessment scores for professionals with medical backgrounds were the highest(both P＜0.05).For the basic work of HAI prevention and control,such as checking and guiding the implementation of rules and regulations,guiding occupa-tional protection,management and communication,and implementing HAI management training,professionals with a nursing background had the highest assessment scores(all P＜0.05).Full-time HAI management professionals were relatively satisfied with their training,while those with a background in preventive medicine had lower satisfac-tion with their training,career development,and job benefits(all P＜0.05).Conclusion There are significant differences in the competency of HAI management professionals with different professional backgrounds.It is nece-ssary to optimize division of labor and leverage the strengths,providing ideas and models for promoting the construction of a specialized and professional HAI management team.

Objective:To explore the biological efficacy and molecular mechanism of the new 6449Da active peptide against gastric adenocarcinoma.Methods:Effect 6449Da active peptides on SGC-7901 gastric adenocarcinoma cells line was studied and mRNA and protein expression levels of key factors relating to apoptosis, proliferation and notch signaling pathway was detcted.Results:The 6449Da functional fragment WSGC peptide located on the cell membrane relatively specifically inhibited the growth of gastric adenocarcinoma cells, but had a weak effect on normal gastric mucosal cells [cell doubling time , SGC-7901, 1.2 μmol/ml: (38.22±6.80) h vs. 0 μmol/ml: (25.65±1.82) h, P<0.05; GES-1, 1.2 μmol/ml: (33.37±3.15) h vs. 0 μmol/ml: (29.25±1.26) h, P>0.05].After treatment of SGC-7901 cells by IC80 (48 h),the cell apoptosis rate was higher than that in the control group (IC80: 0.421±0.036 vs. control group: 0.028±0.004, P<0.001), while the cell proliferation coefficient,number of transmembrane invasive cells and relative migration rate were all lower than those of the control group (all P<0.01).Compared with the control group, the mRNA and protein expression levels of Bax and Caspase-3 were higher than those in the control group(all P<0.01).Compared with the control group, the mRNA and protein expression levels of Ki67, PCNA, NOTCH1,Jagged 1, MAML3, CSL and HES1 were significantly lower than those in the control group (all P<0.01).After treatment with WSGC bioactive peptides, tumor weight was significantly lower than that of the control group [40 nmol/g: (0.463±0.031) g, 80 nmol/g: (0.340±0.040) g vs. control group: (1.667±0.373) g, all P<0.01]. Conclusion:6449Da functional fragment WSGC active peptide relatively specifically interferes with the growth of gastric adenocarcinoma cells by inhibiting the Notch signaling pathway, and has the biological effects of promoting apoptosis,inhibiting proliferation, transmembrane invasion and migration.

This consensus was developed by the Orthodontic Society of the Chinese Stomatological Association to provide a systematic, scientific, and practical guideline for informed consent in orthodontic care. Orthodontic treatment is typically lengthy, highly individualized, and involves multiple factors such as growth and development, occlusal function, and facial esthetics. Rapid technological advances and diverse risk profiles make the traditional reliance on orthodontist experience or institutional templates insufficient to ensure patients′ full understanding and autonomous decision-making. To address this, the expert panel conducted extensive reviews of domestic and international guidelines, analyzed representative dispute cases, and performed multicenter patient-clinician surveys. Using a multi-round Delphi method, the group established a standardized informed consent framework covering the initial consultation, treatment, and retention phases. The consensus emphasizes that informed consent is not only a fundamental legal and ethical requirement but also a key step in building trust, improving patient compliance, and enhancing treatment satisfaction. Orthodontists should clearly and comprehensively explain treatment plans, potential risks, uncertainties, and associated costs, while respecting the autonomy of patients or guardians, and maintain continuous communication and dynamic evaluation throughout the treatment process. The release of this consensus provides unified and authoritative guidance for clinical orthodontics, helping to standardize informed consent, enhance its transparency, safeguard patient rights, reduce medical risks, and promote high-quality, sustainable development of orthodontic practice.