Objective This study aims to explore the association between non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI)and suicide attempts(SA)in adolescents and the mediating effect of cognitive flexibility.Methods A total of 218 depression patients with NSSI who met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,5th Edition(DSM-5)diagnostic criteria for NSSI were enrolled.Patients were divided into SA group(n=105)and non-SA group(n=113)according to the presence or absence of SA in the last one year.The adolescent non-suicidal self-injury assessment questionnaire(ANSAQ)and the Wisconsin card sorting tests(WCST)was used to assess the frequency of NSSI and cognitive flexibility,respectively.A mediation model was constructed to conduct path analysis,and the product distribution method was utilized to test the mediation effect.Results The difference between SA group and non-SA group in NSSI(20.1±10.7 vs.14.7±9.1)and WCST scores[correct responses percentage(67.3％±14.2％vs.72.9％±12.2％),error responses(39.8±20.3 vs.31.6±17.9),perseverative response(6.7±3.8 vs.5.3±2.9),and non-perseverative errors(37.6±21.0 vs.28.9±18.1)]were significant(P<0.05).Dichotomous logistic regression analysis showed that the frequency of NSSI(OR=1.051,95％CI:1.021-1.082)and the score of perseverative response(OR=1.100,95％CI:1.008-1.199)were significantly associated with suicidal behavior among adolescents with NSSI(P<0.05).Moreover,perseverative response partially mediated the association between NSSI and SA(95％CI of Za×Zb:0.0003-0.0168).Conclusion High NSSI and low cognitive flexibility are risk factors for suicide attempts in NSSI adolescents and NSSI may also affect SA indirectly by lowering cognitive flexibility.

Objective:To investigate gut microbiota differences between individuals with and without colorectal adenoma(CRA)and to identify gut microbes associated with CRA.Methods:This cross-sectional study analyzed the gut microbiota of 100 patients with CRA and 68 individuals without CRA(aged 40-75 years)who underwent colonoscopies between March 2021 and March 2022 at Tianjin Nankai Hospital.Fecal samples were sequenced for the V3-V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene using the Illumina NovaSeq platform.Results:Compared to the non-CRA group,the CRA group exhibited reduced relative abundances of identified and unidentified Lachnospiraceae,with increased Faecalibacterium and Streptococcus.In the non-CRA group,the relative abundances of Coprococcus,unidentified Clostridiaceae,and Clostridium were higher.LEfSe analysis revealed significant enrichment of Gammaproteobacteria,Proteobacteria,Enterobacteriales,and Faecalibacterium in the CRA group,while the non-CRA group was enriched for Moraxellaceae,Acinetobacter,and Anaerostipes.Conclusions:These findings suggest a discernible disparity in the gut microbiota structure between CRA patients and individuals without adenoma.The enrichment of potential pathogenic taxa,such as Faecalibacterium and Streptococcus,in the CRA group suggests a possible association with adenoma development.

Objective:To investigate gut microbiota differences between individuals with and without colorectal adenoma(CRA)and to identify gut microbes associated with CRA.Methods:This cross-sectional study analyzed the gut microbiota of 100 patients with CRA and 68 individuals without CRA(aged 40-75 years)who underwent colonoscopies between March 2021 and March 2022 at Tianjin Nankai Hospital.Fecal samples were sequenced for the V3-V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene using the Illumina NovaSeq platform.Results:Compared to the non-CRA group,the CRA group exhibited reduced relative abundances of identified and unidentified Lachnospiraceae,with increased Faecalibacterium and Streptococcus.In the non-CRA group,the relative abundances of Coprococcus,unidentified Clostridiaceae,and Clostridium were higher.LEfSe analysis revealed significant enrichment of Gammaproteobacteria,Proteobacteria,Enterobacteriales,and Faecalibacterium in the CRA group,while the non-CRA group was enriched for Moraxellaceae,Acinetobacter,and Anaerostipes.Conclusions:These findings suggest a discernible disparity in the gut microbiota structure between CRA patients and individuals without adenoma.The enrichment of potential pathogenic taxa,such as Faecalibacterium and Streptococcus,in the CRA group suggests a possible association with adenoma development.

Objective This study aims to explore the association between non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI)and suicide attempts(SA)in adolescents and the mediating effect of cognitive flexibility.Methods A total of 218 depression patients with NSSI who met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,5th Edition(DSM-5)diagnostic criteria for NSSI were enrolled.Patients were divided into SA group(n=105)and non-SA group(n=113)according to the presence or absence of SA in the last one year.The adolescent non-suicidal self-injury assessment questionnaire(ANSAQ)and the Wisconsin card sorting tests(WCST)was used to assess the frequency of NSSI and cognitive flexibility,respectively.A mediation model was constructed to conduct path analysis,and the product distribution method was utilized to test the mediation effect.Results The difference between SA group and non-SA group in NSSI(20.1±10.7 vs.14.7±9.1)and WCST scores[correct responses percentage(67.3％±14.2％vs.72.9％±12.2％),error responses(39.8±20.3 vs.31.6±17.9),perseverative response(6.7±3.8 vs.5.3±2.9),and non-perseverative errors(37.6±21.0 vs.28.9±18.1)]were significant(P<0.05).Dichotomous logistic regression analysis showed that the frequency of NSSI(OR=1.051,95％CI:1.021-1.082)and the score of perseverative response(OR=1.100,95％CI:1.008-1.199)were significantly associated with suicidal behavior among adolescents with NSSI(P<0.05).Moreover,perseverative response partially mediated the association between NSSI and SA(95％CI of Za×Zb:0.0003-0.0168).Conclusion High NSSI and low cognitive flexibility are risk factors for suicide attempts in NSSI adolescents and NSSI may also affect SA indirectly by lowering cognitive flexibility.

Objective·To investigate the effects of sennoside A(SA)on the formation of atherosclerotic plaque and the expression of 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)and its receptor in mice with diabetes mellitus type 2(T2DM).Methods·Twelve mice with knocked-out apolipoprotein E gene were randomly divided into two groups,namely the model group and the model+SA group,with six mice in each group.Six C57BL/6J mice with the same genetic background were used as the control group.The control group was fed with normal diet,and the model group and the model+SA group were given intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin(30 mg/kg)daily on the basis of high-fat diet to establish a model of T2DM.The model+SA group was given SA daily by gavage for 8 weeks,and the control group and the model group were given equal volume of distillation-distillation H2O by gavage.The body weight,fasting blood glucose(FBG)and 2-h postprandial blood glucose of mice were compared before and after modeling and treatment.The area of aortic plaque was observed by oil red O staining and hematoxylin-eosin(H-E)staining,and the level of 5-HT in serum and thoracic aorta was measured by ELISA kit.Western blotting was used to detect the expression of 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B(HTR2B)and serotonin transporter(SERT)in thoracic aorta of mice.Results·Compared with the control group,the body weight,FBG and 2-h postprandial blood glucose in the model group increased,and glucose metabolism was disordered.The expression of HTR2B and SERT protein in thoracic aorta increased,while the concentration of 5-HT in thoracic aorta decreased.The serum 5-HT concentration increased(all P<0.05).After treatment with SA,compared with the model group,the body weight of the model+SA group decreased,and FBG and 2-h postprandial blood glucose were significantly improved.The area of aortic plaque and the expression of HTR2B and SERT protein in thoracic aorta significantly decreased,while the concentration of 5-HT increased.The serum 5-HT concentration decreased(all P<0.05).Conclusion·SA can reduce atherosclerotic plaque area in T2DM mice,which may be related to lowering blood glucose and inhibiting the expression of 5-HT and its receptor.

OBJECTIVE To observe the clinical efficacy of Maitong Jun'an Decoction in treating coronary heart disease(CHD)angina of qi deficiency and blood stasis type,and preliminarily elucidate its possible mechanism of action through transcriptomics meth-ods.METHODS A total of 140 patients with CHD angina of qi deficiency and blood stasis type were included and randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group,with 70 cases in each group.During the treatment period,3 patients in the control group dropped out.The control group received basic Western medicine treatment for secondary prevention of CHD,while the treatment group received Maitong Jun'an Decoction in addition to the treatment in the control group.The treatment period for both groups was 8 weeks.Before and after treatment,the patients in both groups were evaluated for the TCM syndrome score,Canadian Cardiovascular Society(CCS)angina grading,Seattle angina questionnaire(SAQ)score,self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),self-rating depression scale(SDS)score,and adverse reactions.The peripheral blood of 9 patients before and after treatment was selected for transcriptomic sequencing based on the principle of gender,age,and disease duration matching.RESULTS After treatment,the TCM syndrome scores and total scores of the 2 groups were significantly reduced(P<0.01).The treatment group was better than the control group in improving chest pain,chest tightness,shortness of breath,fatigue and total score(P<0.05,P<0.01);the overall improvement rate of CCS angina grading in the treatment group was better than that in the control group(P<0.05);the SAQ,SAS and SDS scores of the 2 groups were significantly reduced before and after treatment(P<0.01),and the SAQ score of the treatment group was improved better than that of the control group(P<0.05,P<0.01).The transcriptomics results showed that there were 862 significantly different mR-NAs before and after treatment,including 509 up-regulated and 353 down-regulated.GO analysis showed that there were 666 biologi-cal processes in the differentially expressed mRNAs,mainly including viral gene expression,translation initiation,RNA catabolism,etc.There were 112 cell components,mainly including focal adhesion,ribosome subunit,nuclear spot,etc.There were 94 molecular functions,mainly including double-stranded RNA binding,cadherin binding,transcription co-regulatory factor activity,etc.KEGG analysis showed that the differentially expressed mRNAs enriched in 20 signaling pathways,mainly including glycerophospholipid me-tabolism pathway,AMPK signaling pathway,ribosome pathway,etc.CONCLUSION Maitong Jun'an Decoction can improve clini-cal symptoms in patients with CHD angina of qi deficiency and blood stasis type.Its mechanism of action is multi-target and multi pathway,mainly related to the regulation of glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway,AMPK signaling pathway,ribosome pathway.

Objective To analyze the incidence, trend and influencing factors of congenital heart disease(CHD) in perinatal infants in Henan province. Methods From 2011 to 2020,1 356 838 perinatal infants born from 28 weeks of pregnancy to 7 days after delivery were selected from 37 national birth defect monitoring points in Henan province as the research subjects, and the incidence of CHD in perinatal infants from different regions, fetal sex and maternal age were compared. The Joinpiont regression model was established to analyze the temporal change trend of the incidence rate of CHD in perinatal infants in Henan province from 2011 to 2020; the annual percentage change (APC) represented the internal trend of each segment, and the average annual percentage change (AAPC) represented the overall change trend. The trend of gap in incidence rate of CHD in different regions, mother's age and perinatal sex was compared by the Joinpiont parallel test. Results From 2011 to 2020,19 004 cases of perinatal infants with CHD were detected in Henan province, with a total incidence of 140.06/10 000; the incidence of CHD in perinatal infants showed an increasing trend year by year (AAPC=43.3% ,P<0.05) From 2011 to 2020, the incidence of CHD in urban perinatal infants in Henan province was significantly higher than that in rural areas, the incidence of CHD in male perinatal infants was significantly higher than that in female perinatal infants，and the incidence of CHD in perinatal infants in older mothers was significantly higher than that in younger mothers (X2=7 259.160,5 415.473,499.520; P<0.05). From 2011 to 2020,the incidence of CHD in perinatal infants in urban and rural areas of Henan province showed an increasing trend year by year (AAPC=42.5% ,44.5% ;P<0.05); the difference between urban and rural areas in the incidence of CHD in perinatal infants was increasing year by year(P<0.05). From 2011 to 2020,the incidence of CHD in male perinatal and famale perinatal infants in Henan province showed an increasing trend year by year(AAPC=44.3%，42.7% ;P<0.05). From 2011 to 2020, the incidence of CHD in perinatal infants of non-elderly and elderly pregnant women in Henan province showed an increasing trend year by year (AAPC=42.9% ,42.7% ;P<0.05).the difference between the elderly arid non-elderly pregnant women in the incidence of CHD In perinatal infants was increasing year by year (P<0.05). Conclusion From 2011 to 2020 ,the incidence of CHD in perinatal infants in Henan province showed an upward trend, and the regional distribution, fetal sex and maternal age were related to the incidence of perinatal CHD.

Objective To analyze the main active components and potential molecular mechanism of Sophora flavescens against breast cancer based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. Methods The chemical constituents were collected and screened by TCMSP, ETCM database and literature review. The targets of active ingredients were predicted by Swiss Target Prediction database. Breast cancer-related targets were collected by GeneCards, TTD, Drugbank and OMIM. The anti-breast cancer targets of Sophora flavescens were screened by Venny 2.1.0 software. Cytoscape software was used to construct the network diagram of Sophora flavescens-key active ingredients-targets. STRING database was used to analyze the common targets, and PPI network diagram was constructed. GO function enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of key target proteins were performed by DAVID database and Hiplot online platform. Schrodinger software was used to calculate the molecular docking between the active ingredients and targets. Molecular biological methods were used to verify the key targets. Results A total of 36 active components with clear structures were screened from Sophora flavescens. 70 anti-breast cancer targets of Sophora flavescens were screened out. 12 core targets including EGFR, AKT1, ESR1, SRC, CYP19A1, AR and ABCB1 participate in endocrine resistance, EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors and estrogen signaling pathways in breast cancer. Moreover, the docking score between the core component and the key target AR is the highest. In vitro experiments showed that the extract of Sophora flavescens can inhibit the proliferation of breast cancer cells, induce cell apoptosis and up-regulate AR protein expression. Conclusion It was revealed that Sophora flavescens plays an anti-breast cancer role by regulating complex biological processes through multiple components acting on multiple targets and signaling pathways. The upregulation of AR protein by Sophora flavescens may become a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of breast cancer.

Objective: This study aimed to find out the myopia rate and related ocular biological parameters of grade 1-3 students in Peixian, Xuzhou City, and to establish a cohort observation population, so as to provide baseline reference for control strategies for myopia and reduce the myopia rate. Methods: A total of 1 952 students from two nine year schools in Peixian were selected by stratified cluster sampling in June 2020. Visual examination was administered by trained personnel using uniformly equipped instruments, including uncorrected visual acuity, diopter, intraocular pressure, axial length. Results: The overall myopia rate of students from grade one to grade three in two schools in Peixian was 21.77%, and the myopia rate of girls (23.81%) was significantly higher than that of boys (20.16%). With the growth of age and grade, the myopia rate increased continuously, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ 2=134.10, 144.30, P <0.05). The myopia rate of 6-year-old group was 8.87 %. The axial length of the left and right eyes of the myopic group was significantly higher than that of the non myopic group ( t = 411.95, 366.85, P <0.01), the intraocular pressure and mean corneal curvature of the left eye of the myopic group were higher than those of the nonmyopic group ( t =5.91, 10.22 , P <0.05). Conclusion The baseline survey results show that the myopia rate of grade 1-3 in Peixian of Xuzhou City is low, but myopia has occurred in the 6-year-old group. With the growth of age and grade, the myopia rate continues to rise. So it is urgent to explore effective and feasible myopia prevention and control measures.

Objective To evaluate the effect and benefit of health education on schistosomiasis control in primary and secondary schools in Jingzhou from 2004 to 2018. Methods A retrospective survey and an on-site questionnaire investigation were used to collect data on schistosomiasis health education in primary and secondary schools in Jingzhou from 2004 to 2018, and to evaluate the modes and effects of health education. The unit benefit analysis was used to evaluate the benefit of health education investment. Results The awareness rate of schistosomiasis control knowledge and the correct behavior formation rate in 2018 reached 98.68% and 98.31%, respectively, which were statistically significantly different compared with 87.65%% and 88.08%, respectively, in 2004 (F=8.57, 6.59, P<0.01). According to the questionnaire survey in 2018, the overall correct rates of schistosomiasis knowledge awareness and correct behavior formation were 97.79% and 96.54% for primary school students and 98.37% and 96.65% for junior high school students, respectively. Among the 10 health education modes, the students' interest rates of attending unified classes, recitation of the Three Character Classic of schistosomiasis control, and audio-visual education were 94.04%, 93.57% and 88.28%, respectively. The awareness rate of students' schistosomiasis control knowledge and the rate of correct behavior formation were negatively correlated with the rate of schistosomiasis infection (R²=-0.85, -0.84, P<0.01). In terms of total funding, students were 3.05 yuan/person/time lower than residents. Conclusion From 2004 to 2018, primary and secondary schools in Jingzhou implemented schistosomiasis health education and health promotion. On the basis of reduction in the total funding, students’ knowledge of schistosomiasis prevention and correct behavior formation were effectively increased, and the rate of schistosomiasis infection was reduced to zero. Therefore, changing the dangerous behavior of the target population through schistosomiasis health education is an important measure to control and stop the prevalence of schistosomiasis.