Wilson disease （WD） is an autosomal recessive disorder of copper metabolism， and decoppering therapy and symptomatic treatment are the main Western medicine therapies for WD. This article systematically reviews the understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of WD in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and points out that abnormal natural endowment is the core etiology and pathogenesis of WD， with internal accumulation of copper toxicity as the manifestation， liver/spleen/kidney dysfunction as the root cause， and intermingled “toxin， stasis， phlegm， and deficiency” as the key pathogenesis. Literature research and clinical observation are conducted to summarize the common TCM syndromes of WD， including stagnation of liver Qi， internal retention of damp-heat， phlegm-stasis-heat accumulation syndrome， liver-kidney Yin deficiency syndrome， spleen-kidney Yang deficiency， and syndrome of deficiency damage and phlegm stasis. This article proposes the corresponding therapies and representative prescriptions for each syndrome and discusses the advantages of treatment by stage and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine therapy. This article aims to provide a systematic reference for the syndrome differentiation-based treatment of WD in clinical practice of TCM， thereby giving full play to the advantages of TCM in the treatment of this disease.

Lipid metabolism disorders is a prevalent clinical symptom observed in patients with fatty liver type hepatolenticular degeneration.According to TCM,the key pathogenesis of this disease is deficiency of spleen yang.The method of warming yang and dissipating qi is the basic method to treat this disease.This article explored the pathological foundation of fatty liver type hepatolenticular degeneration based on the"spleen rules transformation".It elucidated that lipid metabolism disorder is a significant characteristic of this disease,considering both TCM and Western medicine perspectives.It also examined the treatment of fatty liver type hepatolenticular degeneration by regulating lipid metabolism through the method of warming yang and dissipating qi,with the purpose to guide the treatment of the disease.

Objective To investigate the clinical distribution and drug resistance of carbapenemsresistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP).Methods A total of 134 clinical strains of CRKP were collected from inpatients in our hospital from January 2014 to December 2016.VITEK-2 compact automatic microbiological analyzer was used to identify the bacteria and the supporting gram-negative bacterial drug susceptibility card was used for susceptibility testing.The sensitivity of other clinical commonly used antimicrobial agents was measured by K-B method.And the clinical distribution of CRKP and its resistance to antimicrobial agents were investigated and analyzed.Results The clinical strains of CRKP were isolated mainly from urine (n=70,52.2％) and sputum (n=38,28.4％).Klebsiella pneumoniae was identified in samples from the department of neurosurgery,including neurosurgery ICU (47.8％,64/134),ICU (23.9％,32/134),department of hepatobiliary surgery (8.2％,11/134) and department of urology (6.0％,8/134).Among all 22 antimicrobial agents tested,the resistant rates of CRKP to 16 antimicrobial agents were ＞90％,especially for ampicillin it was 100％,and those to 19 antibiotics were ＞80％,only for tigecycline it was 23.1％.There were 16 strains of CRKP with positive extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) (11.9％).All the CRKP strains were resistant to more than three kinds of antimicrobial agents,except one strain that was resistant to two kinds.Conclusion There is a wide range of clinical distribution of CRKP,which is resistant to most of antimicrobial agents,while tigecycline still has a strong antibacterial activity to CRKP.

[Objective]Summary of the experience of Professor LIU Wenqiong in the treatment of leukoplakia vulvae of the aged.[Method]By using the method of the collection and collation of Professor LIU Wenqiong in the treatment of elderly patients with leukoplakia vulvae case,and combination with the related discussion of ancient.This paper summarizes the experience of Professor Liu in the treatment of leukoplakia vulvae of the aged from the etiology and pathogenesis,treatment based on syndrome differentiation,prescriptions and so on,and for proven cases.[Results]Professor LIU Wenqiong thinks that the root of the disease is mainly characterized by the dysfunction of Zang Fu organs and deficiency of qi and blood,the brounch of the disease is characterized by endogenous wind disturbance.Organs are mainly related to liver and kidney.The type of syndrome is yin deficiency of liver and kidney and blood deficiency and wind dryness.The treatment is mainly nourishing liver kidney yin,followed by eliminating wind and relieving itching,and combinating with traditional Chinese external washing medicine for local administration.It lists a successful case,and reflects that Professor LIU Wenqiong has great skill to make prescription accuratedly.Effect is significant.[Conclusion] The clinical experience of Professor LIU Wenqiong in treatment of leukoplakia vulvae is effective,and she provides ideas and methods for the treatment of this discase,which has the value of popularization and application in clinical practice.

Objective To determine the effects of genistein and daidzein on the proliferation and survival of the hippocampal neural cells and underlying mechanism. Methods H19-7/IGF-IR neural cell line was cultured in phenol red free DMEM absented of serum for 72h. Genistein, daidzein or 17β-estradiol was added to the culture at various concentrations. Their proliferation and protective effects on the neuronal cells were determined by BrdU and MTT assay respectively. The effect of phytoestrogens on cell cycle regulation was determined using flow cytometry. The effects of the soy isoflavones on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression were determined by ELISA and RT-PCR respectively. Results It was observed that, with 72h of treatment, 20nM and 200 nM 17B-estradiol significantly promoted the neuronal cell proliferation at 33% and 36% ;20nM and 200nM genistein significantly promoted the neuronal cell proliferation at 15% and 13% ; 200nM daidzein significantly promoted the neuronal cell proliferation at 11% compared to the control (P＜0.05). Genistein and daidzein induced an significantly increase in the S phase arrest at (17.64 ± 0.43) % and (19.48 ± 1.01) % compared to the control (P ＜ 0. 05). Moreover, genistein and daidzein significantly increased the expression of mature BDNF and BDNF mRNA level (P＜0.05). The effect of genistein and daidzein on hippocampal neuronal cell proliferation was blocked by K252a, selective inhibitor of tyrosine kinase receptors. Conclusion Genistein and daidzein improved hippocampal neuronal cell proliferation and viability in vitro. The effects might be mediated by increasing in BDNF expression.

Objective: To explore the main characteristics of syndromes in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in post-stroke depression (PSD) and to provide basis for treatments with TCM herbs. Methods: According to diagnostic criteria of PSD, stroke patients and depression patients from Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine were assigned into cerebral stroke group (150 cases), depression group (151 cases) and PSD group (123 cases). Neuropsychological assessments and imaging and biochemical analyses were conducted. TCM syndrome differentiation for these diseases was performed. We also determined the characteristics of TCM syndromes of PSD, relative risk of the syndromes and their correlations with ages as well. Results: Scores of qi stagnation and blood stasis, liver qi depression, and transformation of fire due to qi stagnation in PSD group were significant higher than those in cerebral stroke group (P<0.05, P<0.01). In cerebral stroke group, majority of the patients displayed one syndrome, while in PSD and depression groups, the patients had three or more syndromes. Of these syndromes, the incidence rate of syndrome of liver qi depression complicated with transformation of fire due to qi stagnation or flaring of fire due to yin deficiency was high. The syndrome of liver qi depression occurred much more frequently in PSD group and depression group than in cerebral stroke group (P<0.05, P<0.01). The logistic regression analysis showed that the syndrome of qi stagnation and blood stasis had high relative risk to PSD. The syndrome of deficiency of heart and spleen was positively correlated with age in cerebral stroke group. Conclusion: The main TCM syndromes of PSD and depression are qi stagnation and blood stasis, liver qi depression, and transformation of fire due to qi stagnation. The syndrome of deficiency of heart and spleen is closely related to age among the stroke patients. The syndrome of qi stagnation and blood stasis serves as an independent risk factor for PSD. The more complicated the syndromes are, the more serious depression becomes.