Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of six kinds of commonly used traditional Chi-nese medicine combined with mesalazine in the treatment of ulcerative colitis(UC)based on frequency statis-tical network meta-analysis.Methods Randomized controlled trials(RCT)of oral Chinese medicine for the treatment of UC were searched from the establishment of the database to June 2024 of PubMed,CNKI,Wan-fang,VIP,Sinomed and other databases.The quality of the included literatures was evaluated by Cochrane bias risk assessment tool,and the data were statistically analyzed by Stata MP17.0 software.Results A total of 24 RCTs involving 1 939 patients were included,involving 6 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine and Chinese pa-tent medicine,including 4 macro and micro outcome indicators.In terms of improving the total clinical effec-tive rate,Shaoyao decoction,Gancao Xiexin decoction,Huangqin decoction granule,Baitouweng decoction,Kangfuxin liquid,Shenlingbaizhu powder+mesalazine were all superior to using mesalazine alone,and Kang-fuxin liquid+mesalazine had the best effect(P<0.05).In terms of down-regulation of interleukin(IL)-6 expression in colonic mucosa,Shaoyao decoction,Gancao Xiexin Decoction,Huangqin Decoction granules,Pul-satilla decoction,Kangfuxin Liquid+mesalazine were better than using mesalazine alone,and Pulsatilla De-coction+mesalazine had the best effect on reducing IL-6(P<0.05).In terms of down-regulation of colonic mucosal tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α expression,Shaoyao decoction,Gancao Xiexin decoction,Huangqin decoction granule,Baitouweng decoction,Shenlingbaizhu decoction+mesalazine was better than using me-salazine alone,and Gancao Xiexin decoction+mesalazine had the best effect(P<0.05).In terms of down-regulation of IL-10 expression in colonic mucosa,Pulsatilla decoction+mesalazine was better than mesalazine alone(P<0.05).Conclusion Traditional Chinese medicine combined with mesalazine could alleviate the clin-ical symptoms of UC patients,improve inflammatory factor indicators,eliminate inflammation,and show a better treatment effect for UC than mesalazine used alone.

Cadmium is one of the heavy metals with severe reproductive toxicity,whose half-life lasts 20 to 40 years.Cadmium could induce dysfunction of testis and epididymis for its significant accumulation in human testis,and the amount,motility parameters and morphology of sperm change abnormally.The adverse change could also extend to male offspring and cause the impairment of their reproductive system.There has been no clear mecha-nism of how cadmium induces dysfunction of male reproductive system,and treatment for the adverse influence on male reproductive system by cadmium has not yet been found.Therefore,this problem has been discussed in repro-ductive and environmental field for a long time.A number of previous investigations showed that cadmium could damage male fertility by followed pathways,including interfering with hormone secretion,inducing oxidative stress,activating inflammation and apoptosis,and causing energy metabolism disorder,etc.In order to enlighten new ideas for therapeutic targets of male reproductive function damage induced by cadmium,we systematically reviewed and summarized the findings of previous publications in this paper.

Objective:To observe and analyze the risk factors of positive conjunctival capsule microbial culture in patients with intravitreal injection treatment (IVT) before treatment.Methods:A prospective study. A total of 1 092 patients who received IVT at the Vitreous Injection Center of Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital from February 2021 to February 2024 were included in the study. Among them, 539 were males and 553 were females. The age was (62.29±13.61) years. Hypertension and diabetes were 661 and 576 cases, respectively. There were 742 cases of urban residence and 350 cases of rural residence. Three and one days before IVT, 364 patients received antibiotics and 364 patients did not receive antibiotics. Patients' gender, age, history of hypertension and diabetes, pre-IVT antibiotic eye drops use history, and differences in residence (town/country) were collected in detail. Samples were collected after the conjunctival sac was rinsed, and microbial culture was performed. The differences in conjunctival microbial culture positivity rates was compared between those who did not use antibiotic eye drops before IVT, those who used them 1 day before IVT, and those who used them 3 days before IVT. The positive rate of conjunctival sac microbial culture were compared among individuals of different ages, genders, with/without hypertension, with/without diabetes, with different IVT times, and from different living areas (urban/rural). The clinical baseline of positive conjunctival capsule bacterial culture was compared and observed. χ2 test was used to compare the positive rate of conjunctival capsule microbial culture among different clinical baselines. Logistic binary regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors. Results:Among the 1 092 patients, 54 cases (4.95%, 54/1 092) were positive for microbial culture of conjunctival sac. There was no significant difference ( P>0.05) in the positive rate of conjunctival sac microbial culture among patients of different ages ( χ2=5.599), gender ( χ2=0.549), residence ( χ2=0.153), with or without hypertension and diabetes ( χ2=3.545, 0.044), and with or without diabetic macular edema ( χ2=0.180). There was no significant difference ( P>0.05) in the positive rate of conjunctival sac microbial culture between patients with different numbers of IVT ( χ2=0.961) or between those who received antibiotic eye drops before IVT and those who did not ( χ2=5.600). Logistic binary regression analysis showed that none of the above factors were risk factors for positive conjunctival capsule microbial culture ( P>0.05). No infective endophthalmitis occurred in all patients during the observation period. Conclusion:The use of antibiotics before IVT is not the decisive factor for positive microbial culture in conjunctival sac.

Objective To observe the preliminary application value of 18 F-MK-6240 automatically synthesized with AllinOne synthesis module in Alzheimer disease(AD).Methods Based on AllinOne synthesis module,18 F-labeled intermediate 18F-MK-6240-Boc was formed with 18F-MK-6240 precursor through nucleophilic reaction with 18 F-.After hydrolyzed by acid,separated by high performance liquid chromatography and purified by solid-phase extraction,18F-MK-6240 was obtained,and quality control was performed.18F-MK-6240 PET/CT scanning was performed in 1 AD patient and 1 non-AD patient with cognitive impairment who were prospectively enrolled,and the preliminary application value of the product was observed.Results 18 F-MK-6240 was successfully automatically synthesized based on AllinOne synthesis module,the synthesis time was 80 min,no-corrected synthesis efficiency was 20.74％±2.31％,radiochemical purity was greater than 95％,and sterility test,bacterial endotoxins test,abnormal toxicity test and solvent residual test all met national standards.18F-MK-6240 PET/CT showed tau protein deposition of bilateral frontal,parietal,temporal and insular lobes in AD patients,while no tau protein deposition was observed in non-AD patients with cognitive impairment.Conclusion 18F-MK-6240 could be automatically synthesized based on AllinOne synthesis module,with qualified product quality and clinical application value in AD.

Objective To observe the preliminary application value of 18 F-MK-6240 automatically synthesized with AllinOne synthesis module in Alzheimer disease(AD).Methods Based on AllinOne synthesis module,18 F-labeled intermediate 18F-MK-6240-Boc was formed with 18F-MK-6240 precursor through nucleophilic reaction with 18 F-.After hydrolyzed by acid,separated by high performance liquid chromatography and purified by solid-phase extraction,18F-MK-6240 was obtained,and quality control was performed.18F-MK-6240 PET/CT scanning was performed in 1 AD patient and 1 non-AD patient with cognitive impairment who were prospectively enrolled,and the preliminary application value of the product was observed.Results 18 F-MK-6240 was successfully automatically synthesized based on AllinOne synthesis module,the synthesis time was 80 min,no-corrected synthesis efficiency was 20.74％±2.31％,radiochemical purity was greater than 95％,and sterility test,bacterial endotoxins test,abnormal toxicity test and solvent residual test all met national standards.18F-MK-6240 PET/CT showed tau protein deposition of bilateral frontal,parietal,temporal and insular lobes in AD patients,while no tau protein deposition was observed in non-AD patients with cognitive impairment.Conclusion 18F-MK-6240 could be automatically synthesized based on AllinOne synthesis module,with qualified product quality and clinical application value in AD.

Objective:To observe and analyze the risk factors of positive conjunctival capsule microbial culture in patients with intravitreal injection treatment (IVT) before treatment.Methods:A prospective study. A total of 1 092 patients who received IVT at the Vitreous Injection Center of Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital from February 2021 to February 2024 were included in the study. Among them, 539 were males and 553 were females. The age was (62.29±13.61) years. Hypertension and diabetes were 661 and 576 cases, respectively. There were 742 cases of urban residence and 350 cases of rural residence. Three and one days before IVT, 364 patients received antibiotics and 364 patients did not receive antibiotics. Patients' gender, age, history of hypertension and diabetes, pre-IVT antibiotic eye drops use history, and differences in residence (town/country) were collected in detail. Samples were collected after the conjunctival sac was rinsed, and microbial culture was performed. The differences in conjunctival microbial culture positivity rates was compared between those who did not use antibiotic eye drops before IVT, those who used them 1 day before IVT, and those who used them 3 days before IVT. The positive rate of conjunctival sac microbial culture were compared among individuals of different ages, genders, with/without hypertension, with/without diabetes, with different IVT times, and from different living areas (urban/rural). The clinical baseline of positive conjunctival capsule bacterial culture was compared and observed. χ2 test was used to compare the positive rate of conjunctival capsule microbial culture among different clinical baselines. Logistic binary regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors. Results:Among the 1 092 patients, 54 cases (4.95%, 54/1 092) were positive for microbial culture of conjunctival sac. There was no significant difference ( P>0.05) in the positive rate of conjunctival sac microbial culture among patients of different ages ( χ2=5.599), gender ( χ2=0.549), residence ( χ2=0.153), with or without hypertension and diabetes ( χ2=3.545, 0.044), and with or without diabetic macular edema ( χ2=0.180). There was no significant difference ( P>0.05) in the positive rate of conjunctival sac microbial culture between patients with different numbers of IVT ( χ2=0.961) or between those who received antibiotic eye drops before IVT and those who did not ( χ2=5.600). Logistic binary regression analysis showed that none of the above factors were risk factors for positive conjunctival capsule microbial culture ( P>0.05). No infective endophthalmitis occurred in all patients during the observation period. Conclusion:The use of antibiotics before IVT is not the decisive factor for positive microbial culture in conjunctival sac.

Objective:To understand the current status of screening, diagnosis, and treatment and analyze the factors influencing micro-elimination strategy, so as to achieve hepatitis C elimination in hospital.Methods:Anti-HCV and HCV RNA test results of patients from October 2017 to September 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Anti-HCV positive rates and factors influencing different genders, ages, places of residence and departments were analyzed. After comparing anti-HCV-positive patients with HCV RNA-positive patients with duplicate entries in "Name" and "Date of birth", the data were divided into three categories: anti-HCV positive without HCV RNA test, HCV RNA positive in single test, and HCV RNA positive many times in multiple tests. The above three types of patients were followed-up by telephone. According to the hospital follow-up results, current status of diagnosis and treatment and the factors influencing the micro-elimination strategy of hepatitis C were studied and analyzed. The comparison of data between groups were performed using χ2 or χ2 continuity-correction test. Results:Anti-HCV positive detection rate was 1.34% (899/66 866). The positive rate of male patients aged 40 and over residing in cities was significantly higher than female patients under 40 years old residing in rural areas, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 = 55.178, 264.11, 36, 351, P < 0.05). There were 90 (10.02%) and 809 cases (89.98%) in outpatient and inpatient departments, respectively, with no statistically significant difference between the two ( χ2 = 0.002, P > 0.05). The total number of anti-HCV positive cases were 196 in Gastroenterology (22.0%), 75 in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (8.3%), 74 in Neurology (8.2%), 63 in Orthopedics (7.0%) and 55 in Endocrinology departments (6.1%), and the difference in the positive rate among different departments were also statistically significant ( χ2 = 271.585, P < 0.05). Among the 480 cases who were followed-up, 215 (44.79%) were lost to follow-up, 84 cases (39.07%) were unregistered, 77 cases (16.04%) were untreated, 15 cases (19.48%) were unaware of their state of illness, 46 cases (59.74%) were diagnosed without concern, 16 cases (20.78%) were diagnosed but did not take medicine, 60 cases were under treatment, and 29 cases were mostly on counterfeit drugs (48.33%). Conclusion:Comprehensive diagnosis and treatment education to non-specialist clinicians and timely manner regular follow-up of patients is a key factor and an important link to formulate a simple, easy and sustainable model to improve the efficiency of screening, diagnosis, and treatment of hepatitis C micro-elimination strategy in hospital. In addition, it will also play an important role in achieving the strategic goal of "eliminating hepatitis C as a public health threat by 2030".