ObjectiveTo analyze the changes in infectious disease reporting timeliness before and after the implementation of the National Infectious Disease Intelligent Surveillance and Early Warning Pre-position Software (hereinafter referred to as “the pre-position software”) at Baoding Maternal and Child Health Hospital, and to evaluate its effectiveness in shortening reporting time and improving reporting timeliness. MethodsCase data of infectious diseases submitted by Baoding Maternal and Child Health Hospital to the National Disease Prevention and Control System during January to July 2024 (pre-implementation) and January to July 2025 (post-implementation) were selected. Overall differences in reporting timeliness between the two periods were compared, and stratified comparative analyses were performed by month, weekdays versus weekends/holidays, disease type, and population characteristics. ResultsBefore and after the implementation of the pre-position software, the hospital reported 623 and 587 infectious disease cases, respectively. Among the total 1 210 cases, 49.26% (596/1 210) had a reporting timeliness of <10 h. The highest number of reported cases fell into the 1 to <5 h range, accounting for 31.24% (378/1 210). There was a statistically significant difference in the composition of reported cases by reporting timeliness for infectious diseases in the hospital before and after the use of the pre-position software (χ²=27.38, P<0.001). Compared with January to July 2024, the median reporting timeliness in January to July 2025 was shortened by 3.77 h, and the difference was statistically significant (Z=-3.50, P<0.001). In April (the fourth month after implementation), the median reporting timeliness was shortened by 9.00 h (Z=-3.17, P=0.002). On non-working days (Saturdays and Sundays), it was shortened by 7.64 h (Z=-5.69, P<0.001), and on public holidays, it was shortened by 7.21 h (Z=-3.71, P<0.001). For class C infectious diseases, the median time was shortened by 3.49 h (Z=-3.05, P=0.002). For scattered children, it was shortened by 4.95 h (Z=-3.78, P<0.001). All differences were statistically significant. ConclusionAfter the implementation of the pre-position software, the reporting timeliness for infectious diseases at Baoding Maternal and Child Health Hospital is shortened, with particularly notable reductions observed in April, on non-working days, for Class C infectious diseases, and for scattered children, indicating the reporting timeliness is improved. This study provides empirical references for the promotion and application of this software in medical institutions.

Objective To explore the promoting effect of long-term administration of nicotiflorin on the recovery of neurological function in rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury （CIRI）. Methods The CIRI model was established and nicotiflorin was injected intraperitoneally after 1 hour of obstruction for 8 weeks. Tail suspension deflection experiment, balance beam experiment and water maze test were performed in the 2nd, 4th and 8th weeks. After 8 weeks, TTC staining was used to observe the volume of infarct atrophy, transcriptome sequencing was employed to screen differential expressed genes （DEGs） and highly enriched pathways were analyzed, Western-bloting and Elisa were used to assess proteins expression related to the pyroptosis pathway and inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18. Results By long-term administration of nicotiflorin, the contralateral deflection rate was significantly reduced and beam experiment score of CIRI rats was balanced, the number of crossing the platform in water maze test was increased （P<0.05）, the volume of cerebral infarction atrophy was decreased （P<0.01）, which significantly promoted the recovery of neurological function in rats. Transcriptome sequencing found that the expression of genes in the pyroptosis-related signaling pathways in the brain tissue of rats in the nicotiflorin group was significantly down-regulated （P<0.05）. Western-blot and Elisa experiments showed that nicotiflorin reduced the expression levels of Caspase-1 and GSDMD-N and other pyroptosis-related proteins, and at the same time, the release of inflammatory factors IL-1β and IL-18 was significantly reduced （P<0.05）, indicating that nicotiflorin could inhibit the inflammatory process of pyroptosis. Conclusion Nicotiflorin exhibited a significant long-term promotion effect on the recovery of neurological function in CIRI rats, which potentially attributed from its ability to inhibit pyroptosis.

ObjectiveTo understand the measles, rubella, and mumps antibody seroprevalence among the children aged 18 years and younger in Karamay City, and to evaluate the effectiveness of vaccination. MethodsA stratified whole cluster random sampling method was used to investigate the antibody seroprevalence of measles, rubella, and mumps among the healthy children aged 18 years and younger in Karamay City, and to further analyze the positive antibody rates and the geometric mean concentration (GMC) of antibodies. ResultsA total of 620 people were investigated, and the positive rates of IgG to measles, rubella, and mumps were 72.74%,62.26%, and 86.45%, respectively, with a GMC of308.94 mIU·mL^-1, 21.81 mIU·mL^-1, and 249.10 U·mL^-1. There were statistically significant differences in the positive rates of antibodies to measles, rubella, and mumps among different age groups (χ²_measles=76.707, P<0.001; χ²_rubella=60.804, P<0.001; χ²_mumps=35.407, P<0.001). The differences in positive rates were statistically significant among individuals with different intervals from the time of their last dose vaccination (χ²_measles=60.533, P<0.001; χ²_rubella=46.331, P<0.001; χ²_mumps=22.825, P<0.001). ConclusionThe antibody levels of measles, rubella and mumps among the people aged 18 years and younger in Karamay City are found to be low. Two doses of measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine should be given to children born before 2020, and if necessary, supplementary immunization with MMR vaccine should be carried out before they are enrolled in nursery and kindergarten. Additionally, regular population-based antibody surveillance should be conducted to promptly identify the people with weak immunity, which is conducive to effectively reducing and controlling the epidemic situation of measles, rubella and mumps in schools.

Thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) significantly endangers the lives of individuals with Marfan syndrome (MFS), yet the intricacies of their biomechanical origins remain elusive. Our investigation delves into the pivotal role of hemodynamic disturbance in the pathogenesis of TAA, with a particular emphasis on the mechanistic contributions of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling cascade. We uncovered that activation of the mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) within smooth muscle cells, instigated by the oscillatory wall shear stress (OSS) that stems from disturbed flow (DF), is a catalyst for TAA progression. This revelation was corroborated through both an MFS mouse model (Fbn1 ^+/C1039G) and clinical MFS specimens. Crucially, our research demonstrates a direct linkage between the activation of the mTORC1 pathway and the intensity in OSS. Therapeutic administration of rapamycin suppresses mTORC1 activity, leading to the attenuation of aberrant SMC behavior, reduced inflammatory infiltration, and restoration of extracellular matrix integrity-collectively decelerating TAA advancement in our mouse model. These insights posit the mTORC1 axis as a strategic target for intervention, offering a novel approach to manage TAAs in MFS and potentially pave insights for current treatment paradigms.

Bronchial asthma is a kind of heterogeneous respiratory disease, and its emergency diagnosis and treatment face multiple challenges. This article, based on the evolution of domestic and international guidelines and consensus, explores the current confusions and shortcomings in the emergency treatment of asthma, considering the clinical specifics of emergency medicine. Due to the limited applicability of classifications such as "refractory asthma" and "severe asthma" in emergency settings, as well as the complex diagnostic process that makes clinical operations difficult, it is proposed to unify the diagnostic terminology as "acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma" (mild, moderate, severe, critical severe) in emergency work. Assessment indicators, such as arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO₂), partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO₂), arterial oxygen saturation (SaO₂), peak expiratory flow (PEF). Simplified were simplified. The clinical diagnosis and emergency management should prioritize the approach outlined in the Chinese guidelines for the prevention and treatment of bronchial asthma (basic version). For mild-to-moderate and severe exacerbations, a tiered treatment strategy is recommended, focusing on rapid symptom relief, standardized glucocorticoid use, and dynamic efficacy assessment. Additionally, the urgent need for formulating a Chinese expert consensus on emergency diagnosis and treatment of bronchial asthma is highlighted, along with promoting multicenter prospective studies to optimize emergency protocols and improve patient prognosis.
Humans ; Asthma/therapy* ; Practice Guidelines as Topic

Tuberculosis (TB) is still a major public health issue today. A novel TB vaccine is a key approach to reaching the targets of WHO's End-TB Strategy. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the research and development of TB vaccines both in China and abroad. A breakthrough has been made in both application scenarios and technological routes, and several vaccine candidates have entered phase Ⅲ clinical trials. This review summarizes information from clinical trials involving key TB vaccine candidates under development in China and abroad. It highlights six candidates that are most promising for marketing or inspiring future research and development, analyzes the current difficulties in the research and development of novel TB vaccines, and provides an outlook for the future.

Thoracic aortic aneurysm(TAA)significantly endangers the lives of individuals with Marfan syndrome(MFS),yet the intricacies of their biomechanical origins remain elusive.Our investigation delves into the pivotal role of hemodynamic disturbance in the pathogenesis of TAA,with a particular emphasis on the mechanistic contributions of the mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)signaling cascade.We un-covered that activation of the mTOR complex 1(mTORC1)within smooth muscle cells,instigated by the oscillatory wall shear stress(OSS)that stems from disturbed flow(DF),is a catalyst for TAA progression.This revelation was corroborated through both an MFS mouse model(Fbn1+/C1039G)and clinical MFS specimens.Crucially,our research demonstrates a direct linkage between the activation of the mTORC1 pathway and the intensity in OSS.Therapeutic administration of rapamycin suppresses mTORC1 activity,leading to the attenuation of aberrant SMC behavior,reduced inflammatory infiltration,and restoration of extracellular matrix integrity—collectively decelerating TAA advancement in our mouse model.These insights posit the mTORC1 axis as a strategic target for intervention,offering a novel approach to manage TAAs in MFS and potentially pave insights for current treatment paradigms.

Objective:To investigate the effect of alendronate sodium (ALN) on osteoporosis in postmenopausal mice and the expression of growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15).Methods:C57BL/6J female mice (7 - 8 weeks old, weight 18 - 20 g) were selected for ovarian removal surgery (OVX) to establish a postmenopausal osteoporosis animal model. According to the random number table method, they were divided into three groups: control (sham surgery) group, OVX group, and OVX + ALN (0.5 mg·kg -1·d -1, administered orally one week before surgery) group, with 10 mice in each group. After 8 weeks of surgery, femurs and tibias were collected, and bone mineral density (BMD), bone volume fraction (BV/TV), mineral content (BMC), number of trabeculae (Tb.N), thickness of trabeculae (Tb.Th), and degree of trabecular separation (Tb. Sp) were measured in each group of mice using micro computed tomography(Micro-CT) technology. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) were used to detect changes in serum GDF-15 levels and bone tissue GDF-15 mRNA expression levels in mice, respectively. Results:The Micro-CT examination results showed that the OVX group had a decrease of trabeculae, an increase in spacing, and sparse arrangement compared to the control group. The OVX + ALN group had an increase of bone trabeculae and a decrease in spacing compared to the OVX group. Quantitative analysis showed that the levels of BMD, BV/TV, BMC, Tb.N, and Tb.Th of the femur in the OVX group were lower than those in the control group, while the level of Tb.Sp was higher than that in the control group ( P < 0.05). The BMD, BV/TV, BMC, and Tb.N levels of the femur in the OVX + ALN group were higher than those in the OVX group, while the Tb.SP level was lower than that in the OVX group ( P < 0.05). Compared with the control group (1.86 ± 0.08, 1.02 ± 0.21), the serum GDF-15 levels and bone tissue GDF-15 mRNA expression levels in the OVX group (2.80 ± 0.45, 6.04 ± 0.42) were higher ( P < 0.05). Compared with OVX group, the serum GDF-15 levels and bone tissue GDF-15 mRNA expression levels in the OVX + ALN group (1.99 ± 0.15, 0.99 ± 0.13) were lower ( P < 0.05). Conclusion:ALN can prevent osteoporosis in postmenopausal mice, and GDF-15 is involved in its regulatory process.

Objective To develop a professional competency-oriented higher education curriculum system for college students with disabilities based on rehabilitation competency framework(RCF)and International Classification of Functioning,Disability and Health(ICF).Methods A framework for a professional competency-oriented higher education curriculum system for college students with disabilities was developed following the principles of systematic curriculum design.The curriculum design was student-centered and adhered to principles such as inclusive education,competency-based learning,lifelong career development and collaborative cooperation.It emphasized the application of digital empowerment technol-ogies,accessibility technologies and assistive technologies.Results The curriculum system framework comprised six core curriculum domains,including knowledge,skills,profes-sional mindset and values,management and leadership,professionalism and behavior,functional adaptation and digital empowerment,as well as accessibility and assistive technology applications.The curriculum modules were structured into four stages,including adaptation and functional enhancement,career exploration and founda-tional skill development,professional skill enhancement and workplace practice,and employment guidance and follow-up services.This curriculum system systematically enhanced the professional knowledge,skills and com-petencies of college students with disabilities,integrating digital empowerment strategies to support their career development.Conclusion The competency-oriented higher education curriculum system constructed based on RCF and ICF provides a theoretical framework and practical pathway for improving the professional competency and lifelong career de-velopment of college students with disabilities.

Objective:This study aimed to investigate the role of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2)/Smad8 signaling pathway in T-2 toxin-induced apoptosis of rat articular chondrocytes.Methods:Primary chondrocytes from SD rats were cultured in vitro and exposed to varying concentrations of T-2 toxin (0.00, 0.32, 1.60, 8.00 ng/ml). The changes in chondrocytes survival rate were determined by CCK8, and the apoptosis changes of chondrocytes were determined by TUNEL assay kit. Using a group design, chondrocytes were cultured in complete culture media and culture media containing T-2 toxin (1.60 ng/ml), BMP2 cytokine (500 ng/ml), or T-2 toxin (1.60 ng/ml) + BMP2 cytokine (500 ng/ml), referred to as the control group, T-2 toxin group, BMP2 group, and T-2 toxin + BMP2 group, respectively. The survival rate and apoptosis changes of chondrocytes in each group were determined. The expression levels of Caspase-3, BMP2, BMP receptor Ⅱ (BMP-R Ⅱ), and Smad1/4/5/8 were determined by quantitative real-time PCR. Results:Compared with the 0.00 ng/ml of T-2 toxin group [(100.00 ± 0.00)%, (4.33 ± 0.32)%], the chondrocyte survival rates [(85.77 ± 2.96)%, (72.79 ± 2.31)%, (48.87 ± 1.83)%] of the 0.32, 1.60, and 8.00 ng/ml of T-2 toxin groups were significantly lower ( P < 0.05), and the apoptosis rates [(5.43 ± 0.32)%, (6.17 ± 0.15)%, (5.07 ± 0.13)%] were significantly higher ( P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the T-2 toxin group had a lower survival rate and a higher apoptosis rate of chondrocytes ( P < 0.05). Compared with the T-2 toxin group, the T-2 toxin + BMP2 group had a higher survival rate and lower apoptosis rate of chondrocytes ( P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the T-2 toxin group showed higher expression level of Caspase-3 mRNA in chondrocytes, while the expression levels of BMP2, BMP-R Ⅱ, and Smad1/4/8 mRNA were lower ( P < 0.05). Compared with the T-2 toxin group, the expression level of Caspase-3 mRNA was lower in the T-2 toxin + BMP2 group, while the expression levels of BMP2 and Smad8 mRNA were higher ( P < 0.05). Conclusion:BMP2 may partially block the apoptosis of chondrocytes caused by T-2 toxin by regulating the BMP2/Smad8 signaling pathway.