Objective:To investigate the association between the metabolic score for visceral fat(METS-VF)and sarcopenia in older adults in China.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted.A total of 1 262 participants aged ≥60 years old who did not diagnose with sarcopenia in 2011 and had complete follow-up data in 2015 were selected from the China health and retirement longitudinal survey(CHARLS). Participants were divided into the low METS-VF group (n=621)and the high METS-VF group (n=641), and then the corrleation between METS-VF and sarcopenia was analyzed.Results:The inverse probability of treatment weighting(IPTW)was used to balance all covariates between the low METS-VF group and high METS-VF group.The results showed that 30 participants in the low METS-VF group and 47 participants in the high METS-VF group were diagnosed with sarcopenia, with prevalence rates of 4.83%(30/621)and 7.33%(47/641), respectively.The difference in the prevalence of sarcopenia between the two groups was statistically significant after IPTW ( χ2=3.934, P=0.048, SMD=0.150). Logistic regression analysis showed that, after adjusting for various confounders, high METS-VF was significantly associated with an increased risk of sarcopenia in older adults( OR=2.130, 95% CI: 1.294~3.572, P=0.003). Subgroup analyses further indicated that individuals without cardiovascular disease had a relatively higher risk of sarcopenia( P for interaction=0.032). Conclusions:METS-VF is associated with an increased risk of sarcopenia in older adults in China, and its predictive and diagnostic value warrants further investigation.

OBJECTIVES: To compare the efficacy of toric implantable collamer lens (Toric-ICL) and femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) for myopia correction in patients with moderate to high myopia complicated with astigmatism. METHODS: We retrospectively collected data from 64 patients (aged 18-42 years) with moderate to high myopia complicated with astigmatism (128 eyes) undergoing either Toric-ICL (28 patients/56 eyes) or FS-LASIK (36 patients/72 eyes) at our department between January, 2019 and December, 2020. The changes of uncorrected distance visual acuity (UCVA), spherical equivalent (SE), mean astigmatism correction index (CI), corneal endothelial cell density (ECD) and intraocular pressure (IOP) following the procedures were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: In FS-LASIK group, all the eyes (72/72) achieved an UCVA≥1.0, similar to the rate in Toric-ICL group (55/56 eyes; P=0.2374). The postoperative SE was also comparable between FS-LASIK and Toric-ICL groups [0.43±0.06 D (range: -1.0 to 1.50 D) vs 0.38±0.05 D (range: -0.75 to 1.00 D); P=0.56]. The mean astigmatism CI was significantly higher in FS-LASIK group than in Toric-ICL group (0.8561 vs 0.7176; P<0.0001), and 88.89% of the eyes in FS-LASIK group and 69.64% in Toric-ICL group had postoperative astigmatism ≤0.50 D. No significant changes were observed in postoperative corneal ECD in FS-LASIK group, whereas ECD decreased significantly after the procedure in Toric-ICL group (P=0.0057). The patients undergoing Toric-ICL exhibited no significant changes of postoperative IOP, but the patients receiving FS-LASIK had significantly reduced IOP after the procedure (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Although the patients included in Toric-ICL group had higher myopia and astigmatism, Toric-ICL still showed better predictability and efficacy for astigmatic correction in Toric-ICL group. Toric-ICL is an effective and safe equivalent of FS-LASIK for correcting moderate myopia but can be more advantageous for correcting high myopia with astigmatism.
Humans ; Astigmatism/complications* ; Myopia/complications* ; Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ/methods* ; Retrospective Studies ; Adult ; Visual Acuity ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Treatment Outcome ; Male ; Lens Implantation, Intraocular/methods* ; Female ; Phakic Intraocular Lenses ; Intraocular Pressure

Objective:To analyze the disease burden and changing trend of pancreatic cancer in our country from 1990 to 2021, and predict the incidence and mortality trends of pancreatic cancer from 2022 to 2036.Methods:Utilizing the data from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 Study, the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR), and disability-adjusted life rate (DALY) of pancreatic cancer in our country from 1990 to 2021 were evaluated. DALY is calculated by adding the number of years of life lost due to pancreatic cancer to the years of life lost due to disability. The Joinpoint model was used to calculate the average annual percentage change (AAPC), the age-period-cohort model was applied to control the influence of age, period and birth cohort, and the Bayesian age-period-cohort model was used to predict the incidence and mortality trends of pancreatic cancer in our country from 2022 to 2036.Results:Compared with 1990, the data of ASIR, ASMR and age-standardized disability-adjusted life years (DALY) rates of pancreatic cancer in our country in 2021 all increased, and the increase in men was more significant than that in women. The peaks of morbidity and mortality in 1990 and 2021 were both occurred in the elderly. The incidence rate, mortality rate and changes of men in all age groups were higher than those of women. The changes in the age-standardized DALY rate were mainly reflected in the male population. The first peaks of the age-standardized DALY rate in 1990 and 2021 both occurred at the age of 70-74, and the second peak of the age-standardized DALY rate in 2021 shifted to the age of 85-89. The peak rate of age-standardized DALY in females is earlier than that in males. The AAPC of ASIR and ASMR for all genders of pancreatic cancer in our country from 1990 to 2021 was 0.72 (95% CI: 0.50-0.94, P<0.001) and 0.56 (95% CI: 0.31-0.82, P<0.001), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant. In our country men with pancreatic cancer, ASIR (AAPC=0.89, 95% CI: 0.68-1.10, P<0.001) and ASMR (AAPC=0.71, 95% CI: 0.49-0.93, P<0.001) were compared with ASIR (AAPC=0.48, 95% CI: ) in women. 0.22-0.73, P<0.001) and ASMR (AAPC=0.33, 95% CI: 0.08-0.58, P=0.010) increased rapidly, and the difference was statistically significant. The ASDR of all genders showed an upward trend (AAPC=0.36, 95% CI: 0.18-0.54, P<0.001), and the difference was statistically significant. The incidence rate and mortality rate of all genders are on the rise. When the age of the population is over 60 years old, the incidence and mortality of specific diseases show an upward trend with the delay of the birth cohort. It is expected that from 2022 to 2036, the ASIR and ASMR of both men and women will increase annuallyand eventually double. Conclusion:From 1990 to 2021, the burden of pancreatic cancer in our country has generally shown an increasing trend, and it is expected that the disease burden will further increase in the future.

Objective:To explore the effect of daglipzin combined with routine treatment on renal function, urinary podocyte-related protein (PCX) and inflammatory factors in patients with early diabetic kidney disease (DKD).Methods:A total of 120 early DKD patients in Baoji Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from March 2021 to December 2023 were prospectively collected and divided into two groups (observation group and control group) according to the random number table method, with 60 cases in each group. All patients received routine treatment. The observation group was additionally treated with daglipzin, while the control group was treated with metformin. Before and after treatment, the renal function indexes [vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VACM-1), creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN)], urinary podocalyxin (PCX), and inflammatory factors [homocysteine (Hcy), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)] were detected in both groups. Meanwhile, the glucose metabolism levels [fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycosylated hemoglobin A 1c (HbA 1c)] and the occurrence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results:There were no significant differences in renal function, urinary PCX, glucose metabolism indexes, and inflammatory factor levels between the two groups before treatment (all P>0.05). After treatment, serum levels of VACM-1, BUN, Cr, hs-CRP, TNF-α, MIF, Hcy, FBG, HbA 1c, and urinary PCX in both groups were lower than those before treatment (all P<0.05). Moreover, the serum levels of VACM-1, BUN, Cr, hs-CRP, TNF-α, MIF, Hcy, FBG, HbA 1c, and urinary PCX in the observation group after treatment were lower than those in the control group (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Compared with metformin, daglipzin combined with routine treatment can improve renal function, reduce urinary PCX and inflammatory factor levels in patients with early DKD, which has certain clinical application value.

Objective:To investigate the association between the metabolic score for visceral fat(METS-VF)and sarcopenia in older adults in China.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted.A total of 1 262 participants aged ≥60 years old who did not diagnose with sarcopenia in 2011 and had complete follow-up data in 2015 were selected from the China health and retirement longitudinal survey(CHARLS). Participants were divided into the low METS-VF group (n=621)and the high METS-VF group (n=641), and then the corrleation between METS-VF and sarcopenia was analyzed.Results:The inverse probability of treatment weighting(IPTW)was used to balance all covariates between the low METS-VF group and high METS-VF group.The results showed that 30 participants in the low METS-VF group and 47 participants in the high METS-VF group were diagnosed with sarcopenia, with prevalence rates of 4.83%(30/621)and 7.33%(47/641), respectively.The difference in the prevalence of sarcopenia between the two groups was statistically significant after IPTW ( χ2=3.934, P=0.048, SMD=0.150). Logistic regression analysis showed that, after adjusting for various confounders, high METS-VF was significantly associated with an increased risk of sarcopenia in older adults( OR=2.130, 95% CI: 1.294~3.572, P=0.003). Subgroup analyses further indicated that individuals without cardiovascular disease had a relatively higher risk of sarcopenia( P for interaction=0.032). Conclusions:METS-VF is associated with an increased risk of sarcopenia in older adults in China, and its predictive and diagnostic value warrants further investigation.

Objective:To explore the effect of daglipzin combined with routine treatment on renal function, urinary podocyte-related protein (PCX) and inflammatory factors in patients with early diabetic kidney disease (DKD).Methods:A total of 120 early DKD patients in Baoji Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from March 2021 to December 2023 were prospectively collected and divided into two groups (observation group and control group) according to the random number table method, with 60 cases in each group. All patients received routine treatment. The observation group was additionally treated with daglipzin, while the control group was treated with metformin. Before and after treatment, the renal function indexes [vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VACM-1), creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN)], urinary podocalyxin (PCX), and inflammatory factors [homocysteine (Hcy), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)] were detected in both groups. Meanwhile, the glucose metabolism levels [fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycosylated hemoglobin A 1c (HbA 1c)] and the occurrence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results:There were no significant differences in renal function, urinary PCX, glucose metabolism indexes, and inflammatory factor levels between the two groups before treatment (all P>0.05). After treatment, serum levels of VACM-1, BUN, Cr, hs-CRP, TNF-α, MIF, Hcy, FBG, HbA 1c, and urinary PCX in both groups were lower than those before treatment (all P<0.05). Moreover, the serum levels of VACM-1, BUN, Cr, hs-CRP, TNF-α, MIF, Hcy, FBG, HbA 1c, and urinary PCX in the observation group after treatment were lower than those in the control group (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Compared with metformin, daglipzin combined with routine treatment can improve renal function, reduce urinary PCX and inflammatory factor levels in patients with early DKD, which has certain clinical application value.

Objective:To analyze the disease burden and changing trend of pancreatic cancer in our country from 1990 to 2021, and predict the incidence and mortality trends of pancreatic cancer from 2022 to 2036.Methods:Utilizing the data from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 Study, the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR), and disability-adjusted life rate (DALY) of pancreatic cancer in our country from 1990 to 2021 were evaluated. DALY is calculated by adding the number of years of life lost due to pancreatic cancer to the years of life lost due to disability. The Joinpoint model was used to calculate the average annual percentage change (AAPC), the age-period-cohort model was applied to control the influence of age, period and birth cohort, and the Bayesian age-period-cohort model was used to predict the incidence and mortality trends of pancreatic cancer in our country from 2022 to 2036.Results:Compared with 1990, the data of ASIR, ASMR and age-standardized disability-adjusted life years (DALY) rates of pancreatic cancer in our country in 2021 all increased, and the increase in men was more significant than that in women. The peaks of morbidity and mortality in 1990 and 2021 were both occurred in the elderly. The incidence rate, mortality rate and changes of men in all age groups were higher than those of women. The changes in the age-standardized DALY rate were mainly reflected in the male population. The first peaks of the age-standardized DALY rate in 1990 and 2021 both occurred at the age of 70-74, and the second peak of the age-standardized DALY rate in 2021 shifted to the age of 85-89. The peak rate of age-standardized DALY in females is earlier than that in males. The AAPC of ASIR and ASMR for all genders of pancreatic cancer in our country from 1990 to 2021 was 0.72 (95% CI: 0.50-0.94, P<0.001) and 0.56 (95% CI: 0.31-0.82, P<0.001), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant. In our country men with pancreatic cancer, ASIR (AAPC=0.89, 95% CI: 0.68-1.10, P<0.001) and ASMR (AAPC=0.71, 95% CI: 0.49-0.93, P<0.001) were compared with ASIR (AAPC=0.48, 95% CI: ) in women. 0.22-0.73, P<0.001) and ASMR (AAPC=0.33, 95% CI: 0.08-0.58, P=0.010) increased rapidly, and the difference was statistically significant. The ASDR of all genders showed an upward trend (AAPC=0.36, 95% CI: 0.18-0.54, P<0.001), and the difference was statistically significant. The incidence rate and mortality rate of all genders are on the rise. When the age of the population is over 60 years old, the incidence and mortality of specific diseases show an upward trend with the delay of the birth cohort. It is expected that from 2022 to 2036, the ASIR and ASMR of both men and women will increase annuallyand eventually double. Conclusion:From 1990 to 2021, the burden of pancreatic cancer in our country has generally shown an increasing trend, and it is expected that the disease burden will further increase in the future.

Objective To analyze and evaluate the implementation effect of tuberculosis prevention and control program in Wuhan, and to provide reference for scientific formulation of tuberculosis prevention and control measures. Methods Using the National Tuberculosis Information Management System, descriptive statistical analysis was carried out on the medical record information of pulmonary tuberculosis patients registered in Wuhan , 2016 - 2021. Results A total of 34 937 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis were registered in Wuhan , with an average annual incidence rate of 49.85/100 000. The incidence rate showed a downward trend year by year, with a statistically significant difference in 2016—2021 (χ²_trend = 708.387, P<0.001). The patients mainly came from referrals, accounting for 71.86%, and the proportion of referrals varied significantly among different years (χ²=355.541, P<0.001). The diagnosis type was mainly pathogenic negative, accounting for 49.12%. The proportion of pathogenic negative had statistically significant difference among different years (χ²=1 354.830, P<0.001). The proportion of patients cured and completed the course of treatment reached 93.98%, with statistically significant differences in the proportions among different years (cured, χ²=1 080.252, P<0.001; completed the treatment course, χ²= 933.655, P<0.001). The sputum examination rate of newly diagnosed patients in each year reached over 90%, and the overall completion rate reached over 95%. The proportion of positive pathogens showed an increasing trend year by year. Conclusion The overall epidemic situation of tuberculosis in Wuhan is declining year by year, and tuberculosis prevention and control work has achieved remarkable results. Active screening in key areas and populations should be strengthened, and prevention and control strategies should be formulated by emphasizing the key and difficult points.

Qi and blood are the two cornerstones of the theoretical system of traditional Chinese medicine.Luobing theory con-structs an academic system with the prominent characteristics of"Qi-blood correlation"to guide the prevention and treatment of compli-cated diseases of internal injury and severe external diseases.Qi is the leader of blood,blood is the mother of Qi,qiluo runs meridian qi,mailuo runs blood,and the relationship between qiluo and mailuo is essentially a dialectical relationship between Qi and blood.Qi and blood play a role in the regulation of collaterals,warming and nourishing,blood supply and Qi supply,and the exchange of Jin and blood.The normal structure and function of collateral vessel is the key factor to maintain the normal structure and function of the viscer-a.The collateral vessel entering the viscera is the collateral of the viscera,and entering the heart is divided into the mailuo of the heart and the qiluo of the heart.Cardiac mailuo infiltration can nourish the heart tissue and provide material basis for maintaining the struc-ture and function of the heart,which is identical with the modern medical coronary system and cardiac microvessels;qiluo regulates cardiac function,maintains cardiac systolic pulsation,and has the same identity with cardiac conduction system and regulatory mecha-nism.The interaction of mailuo disease and qiluo disease can lead to arrhythmias,such as coronary heart disease arrhythmias and pri-mary arrhythmias.According to the therapeutic principle that collateral vessels work by circulation,the key to the treatment of arrhyth-mia is to unobstruct the collateral veins and harmonize Qi and blood,which has important guiding value for the treatment of arrhythmia.The treatment of arrhythmias should not only remove pathogenic factors and improve cardiac conduction function,but also protect cardiac microcirculation,especially for arrhythmias without clear organic disease,which provides a new idea for the prevention and treatment of arrhythmias by combining traditional Chinese and Western medicine.

Objective:To identify the characteristics of the bone marrow immune microenvironment associated with long-term survival in multiple myeloma (MM) patients.Methods:In the follow-up cohort of patients with newly diagnosed MM and who received “novel agent induction therapy and subsequent autologous stem cell transplantation and immunomodulator maintenance therapy” in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, a cross-sectional study was carried out between August 2019 and May 2020. Using NanoString technology, the RNA expression of 770 bone marrow immune-related markers was compared between 16 patients who had progression-free survival ≥5 years and 5 patients with progressive disease. Among the 16 patients who achieved long-term survival, 9 achieved persistent minimal residual disease (MRD) negative while the other 7 had persistent positive MRD. The functional scores of each kind of immune cells were calculated based on the expression level of characteristic genes, so as to indirectly obtained the proportion of each immune cell subset. The Mann-Whitney U test and the Kruskal Wallis test were used for statistical analysis. Results:The proportion of neutrophils was significantly higher in long-surviving MM patients than in patients with progressive disease [functional scores, 13.61 (13.33, 14.25) vs. 12.93 (12.58, 13.38); Z=2.31, P=0.021]. Among long-surviving patients, those who were MRD-positive had a significantly greater number of mast cells compared with those who were MRD-negative [functional scores, 7.09 (6.49, 8.57) vs. 6.03 (5.18, 6.69); H=2.18, P=0.029]. Compared with patients with progressive disease, four genes (CTSG, IFIT2, S100B, and CHIT1) were significantly downregulated and six (C4B, TNFRSF17, CD70, IRF4, C2, and GAGE1) were upregulated in long-surviving patients. Among long-surviving patients, only gene CMA1 was significantly upgraded, 10 genes (ISG15, OAS3, MX1, IFIT2, DDX58, SIGLEC1, CXCL10, IL1RN, SERPING and TNFSF10) were significantly downregulated in the MRD-positive group compared with that in the MRD-negative group, the first 5 of which are related to the interferon response pathway. Conclusions:The increased neutrophil and mast cell numbers may be related to long-term survival in MM. Interferon signaling activation may be a key bone marrow immune profiling feature for MRD-negative, long-surviving patients with MM.