ObjectiveTo establish an in vitro culture model of rat corpora cavernous smooth muscle cells （CCSMCs） using a modified tissue block adherence method. MethodsCorpus cavernosum smooth muscle tissue was digested with collagenase type I and subsequently cultured using an adherent method. Cells were purified via differential adhesion and identified through immunofluorescence and Western blotting. ResultsCCSMCs began to emerge from the tissue block after 3 days， increased significantly by day 7， and converged by day 12. Post-passage， CCSMCs exhibited strong proliferation and a “peak-to-valley” phenomenon. After purification， the cells tested positive for α-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA）， confirming the successful establishment of the in vitro culture model. ConclusionThe modified tissue block adherence method is a cost-effective and efficient way to obtain high-purity CCSMCs.

Andrological diseases have become an important public health problem threatening men's health worldwide， which significantly affects the quality of life of patients and brings a heavy disease burden. Western medicine often faces the dilemma of obvious side effects and limited efficacy. Traditional Chinese medicine has unique advantages in the prevention and treatment of andrological diseases and has accumulated rich clinical experience. Epimedii Folium， as a traditional Chinese medicine for strengthening kidney and Yang， exerts a key therapeutic effect on andrology diseases through multi-component synergy， multi-target regulation， and multi-pathway intervention. Recent studies have found that the main active components of Epimedii Folium， such as icariin， icariside， and icaritin， are the key material basis for the treatment of andrological diseases. The active components of Epimedii Folium can play a role in common andrological diseases such as erectile dysfunction， male infertility， and prostate cancer by regulating the activity of the nitric oxide/cyclic guanosine monophosphate （NO/cGMP） pathway， participating in oxidative stress response， regulating the secretion of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis hormones， improving spermatogenic dysfunction， and inhibiting the proliferation of cancer cells. However， the systematic action network and molecular mechanisms of the active components of Epimedii Folium have not been fully elucidated， thereby limiting its potential for clinical translation and application. In the future， it is necessary to combine cutting-edge technologies such as metabolomics， single-cell sequencing， and targeted nanoscale drug delivery systems， strengthening the research on the compatibility rules of active components and organ-specific delivery， providing a scientific basis for the development of innovative andrology traditional Chinese medicine formulas with international competitiveness， and promoting the innovation and breakthrough of andrology disease treatment modes.

BACKGROUND:Spinal canal decompression using uniportal endoscopic surgery is a new minimally invasive surgery in the treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis.However,this technique needs a steep learning curve and high requirements for surgical equipment and instruments,which limits its clinical application.We previously use the spinal endoscopy as a monitoring endoscopy and combined with unilateral biportal endoscopy to propose a hybrid technique of spinal endoscopy to achieve coaxial endoscopic operation and hands-separate operation. OBJECTIVE:To compare the clinical outcome of hybrid technique and uniportal endoscopic surgery in treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis with bilateral lower limb pain symptoms. METHODS:Ninety patients diagnosed of lumbar spinal stenosis with bilateral symptoms were included and retrospectively analyzed at First People's Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University from August 2020 to August 2022.44 cases were included in group A(hybrid technique group),while 46 cases were included in group B(uniportal endoscopic surgery).The nerve decompression was observed during the surgery.Operation time,hospital stay time,and expenses were recorded in both groups.The visual analog scale scores of lower back pain and both lower extremities pain,Oswestry disability index scores of quality of life and excellent and good rate of modified Macnab criteria were recorded and compared at preoperative,postoperative 3 days,and postoperative 3 and 6 months. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The operation time of group A was significantly shorter than that of group B(P<0.05).(2)The lower back pain and lower extremity pain of the severe side at postoperative 3 days,and 3 and 6 months were significantly relieved in both groups(P<0.05).The visual analog scale score of lower extremity pain on the mild side was significantly decreased at postoperative 3 days,3 and 6 months than preoperative score in the group A(P<0.05).The visual analog scale score of lower extremity pain on the mild side was significantly decreased at postoperative 3 days than preoperative score in the group B(P<0.05).The visual analog scale scores of lower extremity pain on the mild side at postoperative 3 and 6 months did not show significant difference than preoperative score in the group B.The comparison between the two groups showed that there was no significant difference in the visual analog scale scores of postoperative lower back pain and lower extremity pain of the severe side(P>0.05).The visual analog scale scores of lower extremity pain on the mild side in the group A were significantly lower than those of group B at postoperative 3 and 6 months(P<0.05).(3)The Oswestry disability index scores of both groups at postoperative 3 day were significantly lower than preoperative score(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference between the two groups 3 days after operation.Oswestry disability index scores of group A at postoperative 3 and 6 months were significantly decreased than preoperative score(P<0.05).The Oswestry disability index scores of group B at postoperative 3 and 6 months did not show significant differences than preoperative score(P>0.05).The comparison between the two groups showed the Oswestry disability index scores of group A were significantly lower than group B at postoperative 3 and 6 months(P<0.05).(4)The results of modified Macnab showed that the excellent and good rate of group A was significantly higher than that of group B(95%,78%,P<0.05).(5)It is indicated that the hybrid technique is a new spinal endoscopy technique,which has the advantages of less trauma and faster recovery as a minimally invasive surgery.The clinical outcome of hybrid technique is superior to that of uniportal endoscopic surgery in the treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis with bilateral symptoms.Additionally,it also has the advantages of good operational flexibility and high decompression efficiency as an open surgery.

Objective:To explore the application of BOPPPS(Bridge-in,Objective,Pre-assessment,Participatory Learning,Post-assessment,Summary)combined with Direct Observation of Procedural Skills(DOPS)in anesthesiology teaching under the background of medical-educational collaboration.Methods:A total of 60 students majoring in anesthesiology were selected as the research objects.A total of 30 students in grade 2018 were enrolled in the control group and receired traditional teaching mode.A total of 30 students in grade 2019 were enrolled in the research group and received BOPPPS teaching mode.The assessment of the internship after graduation for both groups adopted the DOPS assessment mode.Two groups of students were subject to pre-enrollment assessment,including process evaluations,such as theoretical class attendance,classroom interaction,pre-test scores,post-test scores,and the final theoretical test score.A comprehensive evaluation of teachers'teaching effect was conducted.When the two groups were discharged from the department,in addition to the assessment of professional theoretical knowledge of anesthesia and the operation of conventional anesthesia skills,they also underwent nine DOPS assessments.Results:There was no statistical difference between the two groups in the attendance(P＞0.05).The classroom interaction,pre-test scores,post-test scores,final test scores and total test scores in the study group were higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05).In terms of comprehensive evaluation of teaching effect,there was no statistical difference between the two groups in the evaluation of teachers'teaching attitude(P＞0.05).However,the research group reported higher satisfaction in teaching skills,methods,student-teacher interaction,and classroom engagement(P＜0.05).Both the theoretical and practical scores in the research group were higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05).The DOPS assessment results showed that the research group was superior to the control group in terms of indication mastery,operation completion,teamwork and problem-solving ability,and comprehensive ability performance(P＜0.05).Conclusion:The application effect of BOPPPS combined with DOPS in anesthesiology teaching is better than the conventional teaching mode.

Objective To predict and preliminarily validate potential shared key genes involved in cardiac complications caused by influenza A virus(IAV)and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infections.Methods Differentially expressed genes(DEGs)associated with cardiac complications were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)database.A hierarchical intersection strategy was applied.First,cardiac complication related DEGs were overlapped with 2 independent virus related gene sets:3 454 human genes linked to IAV infection in GeneCards and 333 human protein-coding genes interacting with SARS-CoV-2 in the Human Protein Atlas.The 2 overlap results were then intersected to yield 22 hub genes.Lasso regression,random forest(RF)and support vector machine algorithms(SVM)were employed to refine this list.Predicted genes were validated in vitro in H1N1-infected human cardiomyocyte AC16 cells and in vivo in IFITM3 knockout mice challenged with H1N1,assessing transcriptional changes.Results A total of 22 hub genes were identified through integrative bioinformatics analysis.Application of the 3 machine learning algorithms resulted in 5 common key genes:ACE2,TBK1,NUP210,PUSL1,and MEPCE.In vitro infection of AC16 cells with H1N1 revealed dynamic transcriptional changes in all 5 genes post-infection(P<0.05).In vivo experiments using H1N1-infected IFITM3 knockout mice confirmed the dynamic mRNA expression changes of these 5 genes,consistent with the in vitro results(P<0.05).Conclusion By combining multilayered bioinformatics analysis with 3 machine learning approaches,5 common key genes are identified:ACE2,TBK1,NUP210,PUSL1 and MEPCE.Validation in H1N1 infection models confirms their relevance to IAV-induced cardiac complications.

Flavonoids, the key active compounds in Epimedii Folium, have both protective and toxic effects on the liver. Their hepatoprotective effects are associated with reducing lipid accumulation and oxidative stress, which contribute to the management of various liver conditions. In contrast, the mechanisms driving Epimedii Folium-induced hepatotoxicity are less understood but likely involve oxidative stress and pyroptosis. Pharmacokinetic studies, especially on icaritin, indicate that it undergoes isopentenyl dehydrogenation, glycosylation, and glucuronidation in vivo, contributing to its pharmacological effects. However, intermediate metabolites of icaritin may interact with biomolecules, potentially leading to liver toxicity. This review offers a detailed examination of the dual effects of Epimedii Folium flavonoids on liver function, emphasizing recent discoveries in their hepatoprotective and hepatotoxic pathways. We also summarize and discuss the pharmacokinetics of these flavonoids, highlighting how their metabolism affects therapeutic efficacy and toxicity. Lastly, we propose strategies to mitigate liver injury, providing new perspectives on the safe use of Epimedii Folium.

Objective:To explore the application of BOPPPS(Bridge-in,Objective,Pre-assessment,Participatory Learning,Post-assessment,Summary)combined with Direct Observation of Procedural Skills(DOPS)in anesthesiology teaching under the background of medical-educational collaboration.Methods:A total of 60 students majoring in anesthesiology were selected as the research objects.A total of 30 students in grade 2018 were enrolled in the control group and receired traditional teaching mode.A total of 30 students in grade 2019 were enrolled in the research group and received BOPPPS teaching mode.The assessment of the internship after graduation for both groups adopted the DOPS assessment mode.Two groups of students were subject to pre-enrollment assessment,including process evaluations,such as theoretical class attendance,classroom interaction,pre-test scores,post-test scores,and the final theoretical test score.A comprehensive evaluation of teachers'teaching effect was conducted.When the two groups were discharged from the department,in addition to the assessment of professional theoretical knowledge of anesthesia and the operation of conventional anesthesia skills,they also underwent nine DOPS assessments.Results:There was no statistical difference between the two groups in the attendance(P＞0.05).The classroom interaction,pre-test scores,post-test scores,final test scores and total test scores in the study group were higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05).In terms of comprehensive evaluation of teaching effect,there was no statistical difference between the two groups in the evaluation of teachers'teaching attitude(P＞0.05).However,the research group reported higher satisfaction in teaching skills,methods,student-teacher interaction,and classroom engagement(P＜0.05).Both the theoretical and practical scores in the research group were higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05).The DOPS assessment results showed that the research group was superior to the control group in terms of indication mastery,operation completion,teamwork and problem-solving ability,and comprehensive ability performance(P＜0.05).Conclusion:The application effect of BOPPPS combined with DOPS in anesthesiology teaching is better than the conventional teaching mode.

Objective To conduct Rh blood group serological testing and third-generation sequencing(TGS)on 22 RhD variant voluntary blood donors in Chongqing and explore the phenotypic distribution and genotyping of RhD variants in Chongqing.Methods From January to August 2023,individuals who participated in blood donation in our blood center were selected as the study objects.RhD variant phenotype identification was performed using routine serological methods.Once the RhD variants were identified,tests on different antigenic epitopes of RhD were conducted using a D-screen assay kit.Furthermore,after the genomic DNA from 22 RhD variant blood samples was extracted,imbraided primers design and multi-segment amplification and splicing were used to sequence the full-length RHD gene for TGS.The RHD gene sequence was analyzed using SnapGene software.Results Among the 22 RhD variants,8 were DVI type 3(36.36%),with the main mutation of RHD-CE(3-6)-D hybrid allele.Six cases(27.27%)showed partial weak D15 type,with the main mutation of c.845G>A.There were 6 cases of Asia type Del(27.27%),with the main mutation of c.1227G>A.One case was weak D17 type with a mutation of c.340C>T and 1 case speculated to be partial D(c.491A>T,p.Asp164Val,missense mutation).Conclusion The most common RhD variant phenotype among blood donors in Chongqing is DVI type 3,and the full-length haplotype sequence of RHD variant alleles can be obtained by Pacific Bioscience single-molecule real-time sequencing(SMRT).

Coronary heart disease is a physical and mental disease that is often combined with mental disorders such as depression,anxiety,sleep disorders,and stress,affecting the patient's prognosis.This review introduces the common mental disorders of patients with coronary heart disease,the types,characteristics and application status of digital and intelligent intervention technology,and analyzes the challenges of digital and intelligent intervention technology in the development of mental disorders in coronary heart disease,with a view to providing new information technology-driven nursing practice ideas and directions.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of Jin's three-needles therapy combined with low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on sleep disorders and EEG activity in children with spastic cerebral palsy (CP). METHODS: By using stratified randomization method, 100 children of spastic CP with sleep disorders were randomly assigned to a control group and an observation group, with 50 cases in each group. The patients in the control group were treated with medication, comprehensive rehabilitation training, and low-frequency rTMS, while the patients in the observation group were treated with Jin's three-needles therapy in addition to the interventions given to the control group. Acupoints selected included temporal three needles, brain three needles, intelligence three needles, four spirits needles, and bilateral Ganshu (BL 18), Shenshu (BL 23), Shenmai (BL 62), and Zhaohai (KI 6). Treatment was given once daily, five times a week, for 12 weeks. The Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) and children's sleep habits questionnaire (CSHQ) scores, modified Ashworth grade, Peabody developmental motor scales-2 (PDMS-2) score, and relative power values of δ, θ, β1, and β2 frequency bands in EEG were observed before and after treatment in both groups. Treatment safety was also evaluated. RESULTS: Compared before treatment, PSQI and CSHQ scores were decreased in both groups after treatment (P<0.05), with lower scores in the observation group than the control group (P<0.05). The modified Ashworth grade showed improvement (P<0.05), with better results in the observation group (P<0.05). PDMS-2 scores were increased in all dimensions (P<0.05), with higher scores in the observation group (P<0.05). Relative power values of δ and θ frequency bands in EEG were decreased (P<0.05), with lower values in the observation group (P<0.05), while relative power values of β1 and β2 frequency bands were increased (P<0.05), with higher values in the observation group (P<0.05). Children in both groups did not occurred obvious adverse reactions. CONCLUSION Jin's three-needles therapy combined with low-frequency rTMS can effectively improve sleep disorders, spasticity and motor function, regulate EEG activity in children with spastic CP and sleep disorder, and have good safety.
Humans ; Male ; Cerebral Palsy/physiopathology* ; Female ; Child ; Electroencephalography ; Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ; Acupuncture Points ; Child, Preschool ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Sleep Wake Disorders/physiopathology* ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Treatment Outcome