1.Clinical value of functional near-infrared spectroscopy to aid in the diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder
Yongjun QIAO ; Xiaohui SONG ; Qing XIE ; Lijun CUI ; Meiduo HE ; Haiyan JIN
Chinese Journal of Psychiatry 2024;57(3):147-154
Objective:To investigate the hemodynamic characteristics of frontal cortex and bilateral temporal lobes in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) during verbal fluency tasks using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), and assess the value of fNIRS in aiding OCD diagnosis.Methods:Clinical data of 30 OCD patients who visited the Psychology Department at Ruijin Hospital, affiliated with the Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine between June 2022 and June 2023 were prospectively collected. There were 17 males and 13 females aged 16-41 years, and the education level was 9-19 years. Another 30 healthy control participants voluntarily participated in the study, including 12 males and 18 females aged 19-54 years with 9-19 years of education. Cerebral hemodynamic changes in the prefrontal and bilateral temporal lobes were detected using fNIRS during verbal fluency tasks. Specific parameters including integral values, centroid values, and slopes for both the prefrontal and bilateral temporal lobes were analyzed using independent two-sample t-tests and non-parametric Mann-Whitney U tests. Influencing indicators for OCD were analyzed using a binary logistic regression model. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was plotted to evaluate the diagnostic performance of fNIRS indicators in distinguishing OCD patients from healthy controls, and the optimal cutoff value were calculated. Results:OCD patients generated significantly less words during the verbal fluency task compared to healthy controls ( M( Q1, Q3)) (Number of 9.0 (7.0, 12.0) vs 12.0 (10.0, 16.3), Z=2.80, P=0.005). The integral values and slopes of the frontal lobe, and the integral values of the bilateral temporal lobes, were significantly lower in OCD patient group (32.3 (-7.8, 62.2) vs 123.7 (96.2, 181.3), Z=5.76; 0.000 5±0.001 2 vs 0.001 5±0.001 6, t=-2.54; 87.0±71.4 vs 186.1±90.3, t=-4.71), while centroid values of both the frontal and bilateral temporal lobes were higher ((60.4±13.8) seconds vs (54.4±7.8) seconds, t=2.80; 60.3 (55.5, 65.0) seconds vs 56.2 (52.7, 59.2) seconds, Z=-2.42), with all the differences statistically significant (all P<0.05). No significant difference was observed in slope of bilateral temporal lobes between two groups ( t=-1.60, P=0.116). Binary logistic regression showed that integral value of frontal cortex significantly influenced OCD occurrence ( OR=0.958, 95% CI: 0.932-0.985, P=0.003). ROC analysis indicated ideal diagnostic performance of integral value of frontal lobe in distinguishing OCD patients from healthy controls with an optimal cut-off value of 68.2, sensitivity of 0.900, specificity of 0.833, and AUCs of 0.931 (95% CI: 0.869-0.993, P<0.001). AUCs of number of words generated, integral value of frontal cortex, slope of frontal cortex, integral value of bilateral temporal lobes, and centroid value of bilateral temporal lobes were 0.709 (95% CI: 0.580-0.839), 0.931 (95% CI: 0.869-0.993), 0.665 (95% CI: 0.527-0.803), 0.793 (95% CI: 0.683-0.904), and 0.682 (95% CI: 0.542-0.822), respectively (all P<0.05). Centroid value of frontal cortex showed poor diagnostic performance (AUC=0.637, 95% CI: 0.493-0.781, P=0.069). Conclusion:OCD patients generated less words and have decreased integrated values and increased centroid values of frontal cortex and bilateral temporal lobes during verbal fluency tasks. Integral values of frontal cortex significantly influence OCD occurrence and demonstrate high sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing OCD patients from healthy controls.
2.Clinical value of functional near-infrared spectroscopy to aid in the diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder
Yongjun QIAO ; Xiaohui SONG ; Qing XIE ; Lijun CUI ; Meiduo HE ; Haiyan JIN
Chinese Journal of Psychiatry 2024;57(3):147-154
Objective:To investigate the hemodynamic characteristics of frontal cortex and bilateral temporal lobes in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) during verbal fluency tasks using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), and assess the value of fNIRS in aiding OCD diagnosis.Methods:Clinical data of 30 OCD patients who visited the Psychology Department at Ruijin Hospital, affiliated with the Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine between June 2022 and June 2023 were prospectively collected. There were 17 males and 13 females aged 16-41 years, and the education level was 9-19 years. Another 30 healthy control participants voluntarily participated in the study, including 12 males and 18 females aged 19-54 years with 9-19 years of education. Cerebral hemodynamic changes in the prefrontal and bilateral temporal lobes were detected using fNIRS during verbal fluency tasks. Specific parameters including integral values, centroid values, and slopes for both the prefrontal and bilateral temporal lobes were analyzed using independent two-sample t-tests and non-parametric Mann-Whitney U tests. Influencing indicators for OCD were analyzed using a binary logistic regression model. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was plotted to evaluate the diagnostic performance of fNIRS indicators in distinguishing OCD patients from healthy controls, and the optimal cutoff value were calculated. Results:OCD patients generated significantly less words during the verbal fluency task compared to healthy controls ( M( Q1, Q3)) (Number of 9.0 (7.0, 12.0) vs 12.0 (10.0, 16.3), Z=2.80, P=0.005). The integral values and slopes of the frontal lobe, and the integral values of the bilateral temporal lobes, were significantly lower in OCD patient group (32.3 (-7.8, 62.2) vs 123.7 (96.2, 181.3), Z=5.76; 0.000 5±0.001 2 vs 0.001 5±0.001 6, t=-2.54; 87.0±71.4 vs 186.1±90.3, t=-4.71), while centroid values of both the frontal and bilateral temporal lobes were higher ((60.4±13.8) seconds vs (54.4±7.8) seconds, t=2.80; 60.3 (55.5, 65.0) seconds vs 56.2 (52.7, 59.2) seconds, Z=-2.42), with all the differences statistically significant (all P<0.05). No significant difference was observed in slope of bilateral temporal lobes between two groups ( t=-1.60, P=0.116). Binary logistic regression showed that integral value of frontal cortex significantly influenced OCD occurrence ( OR=0.958, 95% CI: 0.932-0.985, P=0.003). ROC analysis indicated ideal diagnostic performance of integral value of frontal lobe in distinguishing OCD patients from healthy controls with an optimal cut-off value of 68.2, sensitivity of 0.900, specificity of 0.833, and AUCs of 0.931 (95% CI: 0.869-0.993, P<0.001). AUCs of number of words generated, integral value of frontal cortex, slope of frontal cortex, integral value of bilateral temporal lobes, and centroid value of bilateral temporal lobes were 0.709 (95% CI: 0.580-0.839), 0.931 (95% CI: 0.869-0.993), 0.665 (95% CI: 0.527-0.803), 0.793 (95% CI: 0.683-0.904), and 0.682 (95% CI: 0.542-0.822), respectively (all P<0.05). Centroid value of frontal cortex showed poor diagnostic performance (AUC=0.637, 95% CI: 0.493-0.781, P=0.069). Conclusion:OCD patients generated less words and have decreased integrated values and increased centroid values of frontal cortex and bilateral temporal lobes during verbal fluency tasks. Integral values of frontal cortex significantly influence OCD occurrence and demonstrate high sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing OCD patients from healthy controls.
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