Objective The aim is to provide drug regimen for patients who have hormone allergy history but need hor-mone therapy.Methods Pharmacists analyzed the sensitization mechanism of methylprednone in combination with insturction and literature,assisted clinicians to formulate oral hormone therapy for tuberculosis meningitis with history of menthylprednisolone and verified the effectiveness and safety of the drug regimen.Results Methylprednisolone injection contains trace amount of milk protein and should not be used in patients with definite allergy to cow's milk.After changing to oral hormone therapy,the patient did not appear allergic again,and the condition was stable.Conclusion Gucocorticoids can also induce allergic reactions,so patients'previous allergic history should be paid attention in the process of medical history collection.Meanwhile,pharmacists can also give full play to their pharmaceutical expertise to assist clinicians in formulating individualized drug administration plans to ensure the effectiveness and safety of patients.

Labia minora resection is one of the key method to solve labia minora hypertrophy. And it is reported that wedge resection is becoming a research hotspot as a common method. By a comprehensive literature search, the purpose of this article is to study and analyze the improvement of wedge resection in the treatment of labia minora hypertrophy over the past few years. At the same time, the characteristics, complications, and postoperative outcomes of the different resection method will be discussed based on the previous data. It is concluded that wedge resection has achieved positive treatment effects in the therapy of labia minora hypertrophy.

Phalloplasty can be considered as a important way to reconstruct erectile function for female-to-male transsexuals, patients with penile defect or genital malformations. Meanwhile, penile prostheses, such as autologous tissue, artificial prosthesis and other tissues, play a key role in reconstructing erectile function. Thus, the purpose of this article is to analyze relevant research reports in recent years, since research goes deeper and improvements have been achieved in this field.

Phalloplasty can be considered as an important way to reconstruct erectile function for female-to-male transsexuals, patients with penile defect or genital malformations. Meanwhile, various types of penile supports such as autologous tissue, artificial prosthesis and other tissues, play a key role in reconstructing erectile function. The purpose of this article is to analyze relevant research reports in recent years, since research goes deeper and improvements have been achieved in this field.

Labia minora resection is one of the key method to solve labia minora hypertrophy. And it is reported that wedge resection is becoming a research hotspot as a common method. By a comprehensive literature search, the purpose of this article is to study and analyze the improvement of wedge resection in the treatment of labia minora hypertrophy over the past few years. At the same time, the characteristics, complications, and postoperative outcomes of the different resection method will be discussed based on the previous data. It is concluded that wedge resection has achieved positive treatment effects in the therapy of labia minora hypertrophy.

Phalloplasty can be considered as a important way to reconstruct erectile function for female-to-male transsexuals, patients with penile defect or genital malformations. Meanwhile, penile prostheses, such as autologous tissue, artificial prosthesis and other tissues, play a key role in reconstructing erectile function. Thus, the purpose of this article is to analyze relevant research reports in recent years, since research goes deeper and improvements have been achieved in this field.

Phalloplasty can be considered as an important way to reconstruct erectile function for female-to-male transsexuals, patients with penile defect or genital malformations. Meanwhile, various types of penile supports such as autologous tissue, artificial prosthesis and other tissues, play a key role in reconstructing erectile function. The purpose of this article is to analyze relevant research reports in recent years, since research goes deeper and improvements have been achieved in this field.

Objective:To assess the feasibility and effects of the mobile device-based video teaching in plastic surgery education.Methods:In the study, 22 participants were assigned into two groups according to their standardized training area. The intervention group ( n=11) which was outside Beijing had an unlimited access to video-based education; the control group ( n=11) which was in Beijing received traditional teaching. After the end of the first semester of teaching, the two groups of students were tested on theory and clinical operational theory, and the evaluation results were compared. SPSS 18.0 software was applied for t test and chi-square test. Results:After the first semester, the effect of teaching method was evaluated by the scores of written examination and clinical examination. The average scores of the written test in the intervention group were (38.82±3.22) points, while that in the control group were (38.36±2.98) points, without significant differences between the two groups ( P=0.74); the average scores of the clinical examination theory test in the intervention group and the control group were (46.36±3.44) points and (41.00±5.24) points, respectively, with significant differences between the two groups ( P=0.01). In term of total scores, the average scores of the intervention group were (85.18±4.83) points, and those of the control group were (79.36±5.52) points, with statistical differences between the two groups ( P=0.016). Conclusion:Mobile device-based video teaching in plastic surgery education can not only improve students' performance but also facilitate their clinic skills, which is worth popularizing.

Objective:To establish the prokaryotic expression system of Taenia solium (Ts) 14-3-3.2, and observe the expression of Ts14-3-3.2 protein at the stages of Ts adult and cysticercus. Methods:Based on the Ts14-3-3.2 gene sequence obtained by the Department of Parasitology, Zunyi Medical University in the previous study, the whole gene was synthesized by PCR-based accurate synthesis (PAS) method. After double digestion with restriction enzymes Nde Ⅰ and Xba Ⅰ, the plasmid pCzn1 was ligated to construct a recombinant plasmid pCzn1-Ts14-3-3.2. Then it was transformed into Escherichia coli ArcticExpress competent cells to induce the expression of Ts14-3-3.2 protein. The expression products were analyzed and identified by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and coomassie blue staining. The purified Ts14-3-3.2 recombinant protein was obtained by Ni-affinity chromatography. New Zealand rabbits were immunized with the recombinant protein to produce Ts14-3-3.2 polyclonal antibody. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of Ts14-3-3.2 protein at the stages of Ts adult and cysticercus. Results:The recombinant plasmid pCzn1-Ts14-3-3.2 was successfully constructed. After induced expression, Ts14-3-3.2 target protein bands appeared in the supernatant and precipitated at the relative molecular weight of about 29.31 × 10 3. The purified Ts14-3-3.2 recombinant protein with His label could be recognized by anti-His monoclonal antibody, and the Ts14-3-3.2 polyclonal antibody with titer of 1 ∶ 512 000 was obtained. Western blotting showed that Ts14-3-3.2 protein was expressed at the stages of Ts adult and cysticercus. Conclusions:The prokaryotic expression system of Ts14-3-3.2 is successfully established, and the Ts14-3-3.2 polyclonal antibody with relatively higher purity and titer is obtained. The Ts14-3-3.2 protein is expressed at the stages of Ts adult and cysticercus.

Objective:To explore the surgical methods and effects of different types of pudendal thigh flaps in repairing rectovaginal fistula.Methods:From March 1996 to November 2019, totally 18 cases with rectovaginal fistula admitted to Plastic Surgery Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences were analyzed retrospectively. The ages of the patients ranged from 17 months to 39 years with an average of 20.8 years. The bilateral pudendal thigh flap based on the anterior cutaneous branches of obturator artery can be used for larger fistula, which is larger than 1 cm in diameter and covered with serious local scars. Smaller fistula with diameter less than 1 cm can be repaired by the unilateral pudendal thigh flap pedicled with lateral branches of posterior labial artery transferred through subcutaneous tunnel. If the local tissue can be closed directly without tension, pudendal thigh fascial flap is inserted between the vaginal and rectal mucosa to act as a waterproof layer.Results:All flaps used in the 18 patients of this group survived postoperatively with fistula closure and donor site healed primarily. The size of the flaps ranged from 4 cm×2 cm to 7 cm×4 cm. The recipient sites including bilateral pudendal thigh island flaps (4 cases), unilateral pudendal thigh flaps (5 cases) and unilateral facial flaps (9 cases). No recurrence was reported during the follow-up period of 6 to 36 months.Conclusions:The application of pudendal thigh flaps can be considered as a safe and reliable procedure for the management of the middle and lower rectovaginal fistula. According to the anatomical characteristics of fistula, we could design rational flaps to meet the functional, morphological and cosmetic demands from the patients.