Objective This study conducted molecular biological identification of the viruses carried by Culex pipiens pallens specimens collected in Shunyi District, Beijing in 2023, and observed the changes in the infection rate of the viruses carried by Cx. pipiens pallens at different collection times. Methods Cx. pipiens pallens were collected using carbon dioxide mosquito traps. The mosquito samples were ground in batches and analyzed by molecular biology technologies. The virus infection rate at different collection times was analyzed statistically. Results 17 strains of Culex pipiens pallens densovirus(CppDNV)were identified from Cx. pipiens pallens samples collected in Shunyi District, Beijing, in 2023. The nucleotide sequence analysis of the virus genome coding region showed that CppDNV was a single-stranded DNA virus with a total length of 3 335 nt, encoding 2 non-structural proteins(NS1, NS2)and 1 capsid protein(VP). The nucleotide(amino acid)sequence lengths of the three proteins were 2 376 nt(791 aa),1 092 nt(363 aa)and 1 071 nt(356 aa), respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed that CppDNV was located in genus Brevihamaparvovirus. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference in infection rates across collection times(χ2=4.429, P=0.194). Conclusions CppDNV was identified in Cx. pipiens pallens in Beijing, and it was stably maintained in this natural population.

Objective:To explore the application effect of family participatory multisensory support programme based on the theory of enriched environment on preterm infants and their mothers in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).Methods:A historical comparative study was conducted. One hundred and sixteen pairs of preterm infants and their mothers admitted to NICU, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities from March to October 2023 were selected by convenience sampling method and divided into control group and experimental group according to the time of admission. The control group was given routine care, while the experimental group implemented a family participatory multisensory support programme based on the enriched environment theory on the basis of the control group. The amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG) scores and the Chinese version of Parent-Child Interaction Feeding Scale (PCI-FS-C) scores before and after intervention, the Gesell developmental quotients at 40 weeks and 3 months of gestational age, the Chinese version of Maternal Attachment Inventory (CMAI) scores of preterm mothers on the day of discharge and 1 and 3 months after discharge were compared between the two groups.Results:A total of 105 pairs of premature infants and their mothers were included, 52 premature infants of control group, 29 males and 23 females; 53 premature infants of experimental group, including 32 males and 21 females. Before intervention, there were no significant differences in aEEG scores and PCI-FS-C scores between the two groups (all P>0.05). After intervention, the scores of aEEG and PCI-FS-C in the experimental group were (10.91 ± 2.18) and (12.62 ± 1.32) points, respectively, which were higher than (9.67 ± 1.94) and (10.42 ± 1.45) points in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( t=3.06, 8.15, both P<0.05). The Gesell developmental quotient were (54.03 ± 9.73), (55.17 ± 11.19), (57.20 ± 11.04), (53.60 ± 9.74), (55.17 ± 10.11) at 40 weeks of gestational age, and (77.15 ± 11.55), (76.62 ± 9.90), (72.76 ± 11.90), (81.47 ± 10.01), (76.51 ± 12.25) at 3 months of gestational age, respectively, which were higher than the control group (49.70 ± 9.07), (49.06 ± 8.61), (52.41 ± 9.01), (49.28 ± 8.78), (50.07 ± 12.52), and (71.10 ± 11.87), (69.02 ± 12.53), (65.77 ± 12.24), (75.08 ± 11.08), (68.63 ± 10.89), the differences were statistically significant ( t values were 2.30-3.49, all P<0.05). The CMAI scores of preterm mothers in the experimental group were (82.81 ± 12.85), (87.70 ± 10.29), (95.91 ± 8.76) points on the day of discharge and 1 and 3 months after discharge, respectively, which were higher than (68.71 ± 14.15), (82.04 ± 11.87), (90.98 ± 11.13) points of the control group, the differences were statistically significant ( t=5.35, 2.61, 2.52, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The family participatory multisensory support programme based on the theory of enriched environment can accelerate the maturation of brain electrical activity in preterm infants and promote brain function and neurobehavioural development; meanwhile, it improves maternal sensitivity and promotes the establishment of mother-infant attachment relationship in preterm infants.

Objective:To establish a stable rat model of sequelae of pelvic inflammatory disease(SPID)with clinical characteristics,and to provide a reliable experimental model for the study of the pharmcological effect and mechanism of SPID.Methods:Twenty-four 7-week-old SD rats were divided into sham operation group,model-A(108 cfu/mL mixed bacterial solution,0.2 mL),model-B(109 cfu/mL mixed bacterial solution 0.2 mL),and model-C(108 cfu/mL E.coli 0.2 mL).The weight of the rat's uterine was weighed and the uterine index was calculated.The automatic hematology analyzer was used to detect the blood routine;hematoxylin-eosin staining(HE)and masson staining were used to detect uterine pathlogical changes in rats.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect interleukin-1β(IL-1β),interleukin-6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)in rat uterine tissue homogenates.Western blot was used to detect the expression of proteins related to NF-κB signaling pathway.Results:Compared with the sham operation group,the uterine index of model-A,model-B,and model-C were significantly increased(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).The levels of WBC and NE in the model-A increased significantly(P＜0.01).The level of LY in model-B decreased significantly(P＜0.01).The levels of IL-1β,TNF-α in model-A,model-B,and model-C were significantly increased(P＜0.01).The levels of IL-6 in model-A and model-B were significantly increased(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).The collagen volume fraction of model-A and model-B were significantly increased(P＜0.01).Mechanism study indicates that the expression levels of p-IKKβ/IKKβ,p-IκBα/IκBα and p-p65/p65 in model-A were significantly increased(P＜0.01),and the expression levels of IκBα/β-actin were significantly decreased(P＜0.01).The expression level of p-IKKβ/IKKβ in model-B was significantly increased(P＜0.01).Conclusions:A stable rat model of SPID that conforms to clinical characteristics can be successfully constructed by combining 0.2 mL of mixed bacterial solution with a concentration of 108 cfu/mL and mechanical injury.This modeling method intervened in the expression of the NF-κB inflammatory signaling pathway.

Clinical pharmacist training is an important way to strengthen the clinical pharmacist team's construction and improve their pharmaceutical service capabilities and levels.The Pharmacy Administration and Pharmacy Practice in Healthcare Institutions-Part 4-8-1:Pharmacy Administration-Pharmacy Training Management-Clinical Pharmacist Training was based on the relevant requirements of the current clinical pharmacist training system of the Chinese Hospital Association,and formulated by sor-ting out relevant materials,such as standards,policies and regulations,technical specifications,literature,the current situation of clinical pharmacist training in China,and expert opinions.A total of 15 key elements of clinical pharmacist training were selected and divided into three aspects(base management,training process and assessment,and the quality management,evaluation and improvement).This article mainly introduced the construction method and content of the clinical pharmacist training standard,to deepen the understanding of the standard for relevant units and to promote the implementation of the standard.

A portable molecularly imprinted(MIP)surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)chip was fabricated via a green electrochemical approach for highly selective detection of bisphenol A(BPA).This MIP-AuNP/UIO-66/SPE sensor was fabricated through a single-step co-deposition process.The process involved electropolymerization onto a UIO-66 modified screen-printed electrode(SPE),by usingo-phenylenediamine(OPD)as functional monomer and BPA as template,and simultaneously electro-reduction generated gold nanoparticles(AuNPs),which served as the SERS-active substrate.Ultimately,this one-step method formed a three-dimensional porous architecture on the electrode surface.Under 785 nm laser excitation,the sensing chip exhibited a highly sensitive SERS response towards BPA.The intensity of its characteristic peak at 850 cm-1 showed a good linear relationship with logarithm of BPA concentration in the range of 1.0×10-10 to 1.0×10-6 mol/L,with a detection limit of 1.0×10-12 mol/L.More importantly,the fabricated chips maintained highly selective binding affinity for BPA in water samples even in the presence of structural analogs bisphenol F(BPF)and bisphenol S(BPS).When the chip was applied to detection of BPA in water samples from plastic bottle and paper cup,the recovery rates ranged from 94.0%to 103.0%with relative standard deviations(RSD)less than 4.7%.The developed chip offered a highly sensitive and selective solution for detection of trace BPA in complex water samples.

A method for determining volatile organic compounds(VOCs)in environmental air samples using thermal desorption-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry(TD-GC/MS)was developed.The qualitative and quantitative analyses of 103 kinds of VOC species were achieved under the optimal conditions such as cold trap desorption temperature and time during the thermal desorption process,combined with full-scan data acquisition using an electron impact ionization source.With a sampling volume of 3.0 L,the method exhibited detection limits of 0.1-0.5 μg/m3 and quantitation limits of 0.4-2.0 μg/m3.At spiked concentrations of 1.0 μg/m3 and 10.0 μg/m3,the recoveries ranged from 60.5%to 118.0%,with relative standard deviations varying from 2.37%to 18.70%.Furthermore,all target compounds showed correlation coefficients(R2)exceeding 0.997 across their respective concentration ranges,demonstrating that the method had high accuracy and reliability.Using this method,a study was conducted to investigate the spatial variations and source apportionment of VOCs across urban,suburban,and rural sites in Anyang,a representative industrial city,during the summer season.The results revealed significant differences in VOC concentrations among the three regions.The urban site recorded the highest concentration at 40.1 μg/m3,followed by the rural site at 23.5 μg/m3,while the suburban site had the lowest concentration of 9.74 μg/m3.With regard to compositional characteristics,alkanes were the dominant components in the urban and rural areas,whereas oxygenated VOCs were predominant in the suburban site.The ozone formation potential(OFP)also varied significantly across regions:96.0 μg/m3 in urban areas,72.0 μg/m3 in rural areas,and only 27.6 μg/m3 in suburban areas.Alkenes were identified as the primary contributors to the total ozone formation potential(TOFP)in all regions,highlighting their critical role in atmospheric oxidation processes.Source apportionment analysis using the positive matrix factorization(PMF)model identified combustion sources,natural sources,chemical industry emissions,industrial emissions,solvent use,and vehicle emissions as the major sources of VOCs in Anyang during summer.Notably,chemical industry emissions and combustion sources were dominant in urban and rural areas,whereas combustion sources and natural sources were more prominent in the suburban area,reflecting distinct emission patterns and anthropogenic activities across the regions.

Objective:To assess the relationship between basophil levels and mortality in patients with intra-abdominal infection.Methods:Information on patients with intraperitoneal infection admitted to the intensive care unit were extracted from the MIMIC database.A time-dependent Cox regression model was used to adjust for confounders associated with 28-day mortality.Propensity score matching(PSM)was used to balance the baseline differences be-tween groups with different basophil levels,and a restricted cube chart(RCS)was used to show the relationship between basophil count and 28-day mortality in patients with intra-abdominal infection.Results:A total of 4403 patients with intra-abdominal infection were enrolled in the MIMIC database.Patients with high basophil levels have lower mortality than those with low basophil levels.There was an L-shaped curve between basophil level and 28-day mortality,with a cut-off value of 0.47×109/L.Cox regression analysis showed that basophil levels were an independent protective factor for mortal-ity in patients with intra-abdominal infection after adjusting for potential confounders(HR=0.586,95%CI:0.443-0.769).Protective factors for death at basophil levels remained after PSM adjusted for potential confounders(HR=0.628,95%CI:0.470-0.832).Conclusion:Basophil level is an independent protective factor for mortality in patients with intra-abdominal infection,and basophil levels should be dynamically monitored to better evaluate the prognosis of patients.

Early-life stress (ES) leads to cognitive dysfunction in female adolescents, but the underlying neural mechanisms remain elusive. Recent evidence suggests that the cell adhesion molecules NECTIN1 and NECTIN3 play a role in cognition and ES-related cognitive deficits in male rodents. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether and how nectins contribute to ES-induced cognitive dysfunction in female adolescents. Applying the well-established limited bedding and nesting material paradigm, we found that ES impairs recognition memory, suppresses prefrontal NECTIN1 and hippocampal NECTIN3 expression, and upregulates corticotropin-releasing hormone (Crh) and its receptor 1 (Crhr1) mRNA levels in the hippocampus of adolescent female mice. Genetic experiments revealed that the reduction of dorsal CA1 (dCA1) NECTIN3 mediates ES-induced object recognition memory deficits, as knocking down dCA1 NECTIN3 impaired animals' performance in the novel object recognition task, while overexpression of dCA1 NECTIN3 successfully reversed the ES-induced deficits. Notably, prefrontal NECTIN1 knockdown did not result in significant cognitive impairments. Furthermore, acute systemic administration of antalarmin, a CRHR1 antagonist, upregulated hippocampal NECTIN3 levels and rescued object and spatial memory deficits in stressed mice. Our findings underscore the critical role of dCA1 NECTIN3 in mediating ES-induced object recognition memory deficits in adolescent female mice, highlighting it as a potential therapeutic target for stress-related psychiatric disorders in women.
Animals ; Female ; Mice ; CA1 Region, Hippocampal/metabolism* ; Cell Adhesion Molecules/metabolism* ; CRF Receptor, Type 1/metabolism* ; Memory Disorders/etiology* ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Nectins/genetics* ; Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone/antagonists & inhibitors* ; Recognition, Psychology/physiology* ; Stress, Psychological/complications*

Ginsenoside Rg_2(GRg2) is a triterpenoid compound found in Panax notoginseng. This study explored its effects and mechanisms on diabetic retinopathy and angiogenesis. The study employed endothelial cell models induced by glucose or vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), the chorioallantoic membrane(CAM) model, the oxygen-induced retinopathy(OIR) mouse model, and the db/db mouse model to evaluate the therapeutic effects of GRg2 on diabetic retinopathy and angiogenesis. Transwell assays and endothelial tube formation experiments were conducted to assess cell migration and tube formation, while vascular area measurements were applied to detect angiogenesis. The impact of GRg2 on the retinal structure and function of db/db mice was evaluated through retinal thickness and electroretinogram(ERG) analyses. The study investigated the mechanisms of GRg2 by analyzing the activation of Yes-associated protein(YAP) and Toll-like receptors(TLRs) pathways. The results indicated that GRg2 significantly reduced cell migration numbers and tube formation lengths in vitro. In the CAM model, GRg2 exhibited a dose-dependent decrease in the vascular area ratio. In the OIR model, GRg2 notably decreased the avascular and neovascular areas, ameliorating retinal structural disarray. In the db/db mouse model, GRg2 increased the total retinal thickness and enhanced the amplitudes of the a-wave, b-wave, and oscillatory potentials(OPs) in the ERG, improving retinal structural disarray. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the TLR signaling pathway was significantly down-regulated following YAP knockdown, with PCR results consistent with the transcriptome sequencing findings. Concurrently, GRg2 downregulated the expression of Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4), TNF receptor-associated factor 6(TRAF6), and nuclear factor-kappaB(NF-κB) proteins in high-glucose-induced endothelial cells. Collectively, GRg2 inhibits cell migration and tube formation and significantly reduces angiogenesis in CAM and OIR models, improving retinal structure and function in db/db mice, with its pharmacological mechanism likely involving the down-regulation of YAP expression.
Animals ; Ginsenosides/pharmacology* ; Diabetic Retinopathy/physiopathology* ; Mice ; YAP-Signaling Proteins ; Humans ; Male ; Signal Transduction/drug effects* ; Cell Movement/drug effects* ; Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics* ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neovascularization, Pathologic/metabolism* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage* ; Panax notoginseng/chemistry* ; Endothelial Cells/metabolism* ; Transcription Factors/genetics* ; Angiogenesis