This study established a high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) fingerprint of Chuanxiong Rhizoma from different producing areas and screened its potential differential components for producing areas by chemometrics. Furthermore, the content of the above differential components in Chuanxiong Rhizoma from different producing areas was measured and compared. Then, the geoherbalism markers(geo-markers) that can be used to distinguish Dao-di and non-Dao-di Chuanxiong Rhizoma were excavated by chemometrics. In fingerprint studies, a total of 27 common peaks were determined, and the fingerprint similarity for 37 batches of Chuanxiong Rhizoma samples from different producing areas was above 0.968. The orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA) was capable of distinguishing Chuanxiong Rhizoma from Sichuan and from three other provinces, as well as Dao-di Chuanxiong Rhizoma(from Dujiangyan) and non-Dao-di Chuanxiong Rhizoma(from other producing areas) in Sichuan province. Meanwhile, 14 potential differential components in Chuanxiong Rhizoma from different provinces and 16 potential differential components in Chuanxiong Rhizoma from different producing areas in Sichuan were screened by the variable importance in projection(VIP) analysis under OPLS-DA. The reference standards were used to identify 10 potential differential components in the common peaks, and subsequent content determination verified that the content of the above 10 potential differential components was different among different producing areas. Then, the OPLS-DA and VIP analysis were performed with the content of the 10 potential differential components as variables. The results showed that Z-ligustilide, chlorogenic acid, and the ratio of butylidenephthalide/senkyunolide A were the geo-markers that can distinguish Chuanxiong Rhizoma from Sichuan and Chuanxiong Rhizoma from Shaanxi, Hebei, and Jiangxi, while Z-ligustilide, n-butylphthalide, and the ratios of Z-ligustilide/senkyunolide A and butylidenephthalide/senkyunolide A were the geo-markers that can distinguish Dao-di Chuanxiong Rhizoma(from Dujiangyan) and non-Dao-di Chuanxiong Rhizoma(from other producing areas) in Sichuan province. This study elucidated the differences in material basis of Dao-di and non-Dao-di Chuanxiong Rhizoma based on fingerprinting and content determination combined with chemometrics, which provides a reference for the study of material basis of Dao-di traditional Chinese medicine.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry* ; Rhizome/chemistry* ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods* ; Chemometrics/methods* ; Quality Control

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of avatrombopag in promoting platelet engraftment after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in children, compared with recombinant human thrombopoietin (rhTPO). METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 53 pediatric patients who underwent allo-HSCT at the Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from April 2023 to August 2024. Based on medications used during the periengraftment period, patients were divided into two groups: the avatrombopag group (n=15) and the rhTPO group (n=38). RESULTS: At days 14, 30, and 60 post-transplant, platelet engraftment was achieved in 20% (3/15), 60% (9/15), and 93% (14/15) of patients in the avatrombopag group, and in 39% (15/38), 82% (31/38), and 97% (37/38) in the rhTPO group, respectively. There were no significant differences between the two groups in platelet engraftment rates at each time point, cumulative incidence of platelet engraftment, overall survival, and relapse-free survival (all P>0.05). Multivariable Cox proportional hazards analysis indicated that acute graft-versus-host disease was an independent risk factor for delayed platelet engraftment (P=0.043). CONCLUSIONS In children undergoing allo-HSCT, avatrombopag effectively promotes platelet engraftment, with efficacy and safety comparable to rhTPO, and represents a viable therapeutic option.
Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/adverse effects* ; Male ; Female ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Infant ; Adolescent ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Blood Platelets/drug effects* ; Thiazoles/therapeutic use* ; Thrombopoietin/therapeutic use* ; Thiophenes

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical significance of 26 circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) associated with multiple myeloma (MM) in peripheral blood of new diagnosed patients. METHODS: We conducted a study to detect 26 ctDNA mutations in the peripheral blood of 31 newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients. RESULTS: Among the 31 NDMM patients, the ctDNA detection rate was 93.55%, significantly higher than that of FISH and chromosome screening methods. The most frequently mutated genes in NDMM were ACTG1 and GNAS. Notably, ACTG1 mutations were exclusive to NDMM patients, furthermore, resulted from the missense mutation of the exon 4. ACTG1 was the gene most frequently co-mutated with others. All patients with ACTG1 mutations were surviving, and there was a positive correlation between ACTG1 mutation and the survival of patients. GNAS mutations were confined to exon 1. CONCLUSION The detection rate of ctDNA sequencing in peripheral blood of NDMM patients was higher than that in bone marrow. ACTG1 and GNAS genes have a guiding role in the prognosis of newly diagnosed patients.
Humans ; Multiple Myeloma/blood* ; Circulating Tumor DNA/genetics* ; Mutation ; Prognosis ; GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gs/genetics* ; Chromogranins ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged

Objective To investigate the risk factors for pneumonia complicating infectious mononucleosis(IM)in adults and construct a nomogram prediction model.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 198 IM patients admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University from January 2015 to December 2021.Patients were divided into pneumonia group(n=52)and non-pneumonia group(n=146)based on whether pulmonary infection occurred during hospitalization.The baseline data(age,gender,place of onset,etc.),clinical manifestations(maximum body temperature,lymph node enlargement,splenomegaly,etc.),and inflammatory indicators[white blood cell count(WBC),C-reactive protein(CRP),etc.]were compared between the two groups.Kaplan-Meier curves were plotted to analyze the key indicators affecting the hospital stay of IM patients.Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the independent risk factors for pneumonia complicating IM in adults and construct a nomogram prediction model based on the identified risk factors.The predictive efficacy of the model was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve and the consistency of the model was assessed using the calibration curve.The fit of the model was evaluated using the Hosmer-Lemeshow test.Additionally,the sensitivity,specificity,and accuracy of the model were assessed using confusion matrix.Results Compared with non-pneumonia group,the pneumonia group had a significantly higher proportion of patients from rural areas,with body mass index(BMI)≥24 kg/m2,smoking history,hepatomegaly,fever duration of≥7 d,as well as increased total hospitalization costs and average daily hospitalization costs,and prolonged hospital stay(P<0.05).The proportion of patients with a history of antibiotic use was lower in the pneumonia group(P<0.05).Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that patients from rural areas,with BMI≥24 kg/m2,smoking history,no prophylactic use of antibiotics,fever duration≥7 d,and hepatomegaly had significantly prolonged hospital stays(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that living in a rural area(OR=4.089,P<0.05),hepatomegaly(OR=4.082,P<0.05),and elevated WBC(OR=1.205,P<0.05)were independent risk factors for pneumonia complicating IM in adults,while the prophylactic use of antibiotics(OR=0.142,P<0.05)was an independent protective factor.The area under the ROC curve of the constructed nomogram prediction model was 0.827(95%CI 0.762-0.892),and the slope of the calibration curve was close to 1,and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed χ2=5.299,P=0.725,indicating good consistency and fit of the prediction model.The results of the confusion matrix assessment showed that the sensitivity of the model was 0.669(0.624-0.773),the specificity was 0.827(0.724-0.930),and the accuracy was 0.732(0.665-0.793).Conclusion The nomogram prediction model based on place of onset,hepatomegaly,the prophylactic use of antibiotics and WBC has excellent fit and discrimination,providing an effective quantitative tool for prognosis assessment of IM.

Objective To explore whether the cognitive function of central obese mice is decreased by affecting the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)in hippocampus.Methods Healthy mice at the neonatal stage were divided into normal group and model group at random.To obtain the obese models,model group mice were injected at cervical subcutaneous with 10％L-monosodium glutamate(MSG;3 mg·g-1·d-1)for 5 days.The normal group was injected with the same dose of 0.9％NaCl.In addition,mice were removed according to the requirements.Finally,we got 8 mice in each group.The following parameters were compared:body weight,Lee's index and levels of the serum lipid.The BDNF expression levels in hippocampal tissue were measured using western blotting.Results At the 8th weekend,the body weight of the model and normal groups was(49.01±2.47)and(41.27±3.28)g;the Lee's indexes were(357.14±9.24)and(330.15±7.37)g1/3·cm-1;triglyceride levels were(1.37±0.52)and(0.73±0.31)mmol·L-1;total cholesterol levels were(2.98±0.18)and(1.98±0.30)mmol·L-1;low-density lipoprotein levels were(0.31±0.03)and(0.24±0.02)mmol·L-1;high-density lipoprotein levels were(2.70±0.15)and(1.98±0.40)mmol·L-1;the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),which were consistent with the characteristics of the central obesity model.The BDNF protein expression levels in the hippocampus of the model and normal groups were 6.02 x 104±626.53 and 7.04 x 104±1 440.81,which has statistically significant(P＜0.01).Conclusion The cognitive function of central obese mice may be decreased by down-regulating the expression of BDNF in hippocampus.

Aim To observe the effect of Astragalus membranaceus and Angelica sinensis on the apoptosis of chondrocytes,and to investigate the effect of Astrag-alus membranaceus and Angelica sinensis on the sur-vival of fresh ostecartilage allograft.Methods Forty-eight 4-month-old New Zealand white rabbits,half male and half female,were randomly divided into sham operation group,model group,positive group and As-tragalus and Angelica 5∶1 group.In addition to the sham operation group,the other groups were both male and female donors and recipients for knee joint osteo-cartilage cross transplantation modeling.After 8 weeks of drug intervention,samples were taken for general observation,HE staining,saffrane-O staining,immu-nohistochemical staining,qPCR and Western blot de-tection.Results Compared with model group,As-tragalus and Angelica 5∶1 group and positive group,the repair site healed better,the morphology of osteo-chondrocytes tended to be normal,and the division and proliferation were obvious.Proteoglycan deposition in-creased and type Ⅱ collagen content was higher,the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).qPCR and Western blot results showed that compared with model group,the mRNA and protein expressions of Bax,caspase-3 and caspase-9 in other groups were significantly decreased(P＜0.05).Conclusion As-tragalus and Angelica can promote the survival of fresh osteochondral allograft,and its mechanism may be re-lated to promoting collagen production,promoting chondrocyte proliferation and inhibiting chondrocyte apoptosis.

Objective To observe the clinical effect of acupuncture at the core muscle group combined with rehabilitation training in the treatment of chronic non-specific low back pain.Methods A total of 96 patients with chronic non-specific low back pain were randomly divided into observation group and control group,48 cases in each group.The control group was given rehabilitation training,and the observation group was given acupuncture at core muscle group training on the basis of the control group.Patients in both groups were treated continuously for two weeks.After two weeks of treatment,the clinical efficacy of the two groups was evaluated.The changes of root mean square(RMS)values of transverse abdominal muscle and multifidus muscle were observed before and after treatment,as well as the scores of Oswestry Dysfunction Index,Roland-Morris Dysfunction Questionnaire and Quebec Low Back Pain Scale.The changes of serum β-endorphin,serum substance P and serum prostaglandin E2 levels were compared before and after treatment between the two groups.The patients were followed up for five months after treatment,and the recurrence of the two groups was evaluated.Results(1)The total effective rate was 93.75%(45/48)in the observation group and 81.25%(39/48)in the control group.The curative effect of the observation group was superior to that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).(2)After treatment,the Oswestry Dysfunction Index score,Roland-Morris Dysfunction Questionnaire score and Quebec Low Back Pain Disorder Scale score of the two groups were significantly improved(P＜0.05),and the improvement of Oswestry Dysfunction Index score,Roland-Morris Dysfunction Questionnaire score and Quebec Low Back Pain Disorder Scale score in the observation group was significantly superior to that in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).(3)After treatment,the RMS values of transverse abdominal muscle and multifidus muscle in the two groups were significantly improved(P＜0.05),and the observation group was significantly superior to the control group in improving the RMS values of transverse abdominal muscle and multifidus muscle,the difference being significant(P＜0.05).(4)After treatment,the levels of β-endorphin,substance P and prostaglandin E2 in the two groups were significantly improved(P＜0.05),and the observation group was significantly superior to the control group in improving the levels of β-endorphin,substance P and prostaglandin E2,the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).(5)After treatment,the recurrence rate of the observation group was 6.25%(3/48),and that of the control group was 20.83%(10/48).The recurrence rate of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion Acupuncture at the core muscle group combined with rehabilitation training in the treatment of chronic non-specific low back pain can significantly improve the clinical symptoms of patients,improve the levels of β-endorphin,substance P and prostaglandin E2,and the clinical effect is significant.

The column chromatography and semi-preparative liquid phase chromatography with several chromatographic packing materials, including macroporous adsorbent resin, silica gel, ODS, and Sephadex LH-20, were used for the separation and purification of n-butanol-soluble portion of ethanol extract of Leonurus japonicus Houtt. The structures of isolates were identified by HR-MS, IR, NMR, and acid hydrolysis reaction. Six phenylethanol glycosides were obtained from L. japonicus and identified as leonoside G (1), leonoside E (2), leonoside B (3), leonoside F (4), cistanoside G (5), and salidroside (6). Compound 1 is a new phenylethanol glycoside.

Objective To develop a portable,modular and multifunctional surgical instrument kit with intelligent recognition for disaster relief.Methods The surgical instrument kit had three variations for thorax and abdomen,limbs and cranium and brain,which was composed of a lip,partitions and drawers.A traceability code was pasted on each surgical instrument kit,and each instrument in the kit was equipped with a RF chip.Results The surgical instrument kit made the average time for operating table preparation and instrument arrangement and that for instrument counting both shortened effectively,and thus the efficiency of medical staffs were enhanced greatly.Conclusion The surgical instrument kit gains advantages in rational configuration and easy operation,and can be used for surgical operation in disaster conditions.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2024,45(2):113-117]

To study the chemical constituents and their biological activities in the rhizomes of Curcuma phaeocaulis, silica gel column chromatography, reverse medium pressure liquid chromatography, preparative thin layer chromatography, and semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography were used for isolation and purification and modern spectroscopic methods were used to determine the structure of the isolated compound. Moreover, the effect of the compound on the proliferation of HUVECs was determined by the MTT assay. A new elemane-type sesquiterpenoid glycoside was isolated from the n-butanol soluble fraction of 95% ethanolic extract of the rhizomes of Curcuma phaeocaulis. Its structure was identified as (1Z)-2-hydroxy-curzerenone 2-O-β-D-glucoside. It showed no inhibitory effect on the proliferation of HUVECs.