ObjectiveTo explore the mechanism by which the ethanol extract of Epimedium brevicornu （EEBM） intervenes in mesenchymal adipose-derived stem cells （ADSCs） to delay aging in castrated rats. MethodsForty-five 3-month-old SPF female SD rats were ovariectomized and randomly divided into model group， ADSCs treatment group， and ADSCs groups treated with low， medium， and high concentrations of EEBM （1， 50， 100 μg·L^-1）， referred to as the AE low， medium， and high concentration groups， with 9 rats in each group. After tail vein injection of 200 μL of the corresponding stem cell suspension， aging-related indicators including cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor （p21）， tumor suppressor gene （p53）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， interleukin-8 （IL-8）， superoxide dismutase （SOD）， malondialdehyde （MDA）， B-cell lymphoma-2 （Bcl-2）， Bcl-2-associated X protein （Bax）， cysteine-aspartic acid protease-3 （Caspase-3）， and lipofuscin were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） and Western blot. ResultsCompared with the model group， the IL-6 content in the AE low， medium， and high concentration groups was significantly decreased （P<0.05）. Lipofuscin， MDA， and IL-8 levels in the ADSCs treatment group and AE low， medium， and high concentration groups were significantly reduced （P<0.01）， while SOD content was significantly increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the ADSCs treatment group， lipofuscin and IL-8 levels in the AE low， medium， and high concentration groups were significantly reduced （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The MDA content was significantly decreased in the AE medium concentration group （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， protein levels of p21， p53， Bax， and Caspase-3 in the ADSCs treatment group and AE low， medium， and high concentration groups were significantly reduced （P<0.05， P<0.01）， while the Bcl-2 protein level was significantly increased （P<0.01）. Compared with the ADSCs treatment group， protein levels of p21， p53， Bax， and Caspase-3 in the AE low， medium， and high concentration groups were significantly reduced （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and the Bcl-2 protein level in the AE low concentration group was significantly increased （P<0.01）. ConclusionThe results of this experiment show that EEBM-treated ADSCs or ADSCs may delay aging in castrated rats by inhibiting cell apoptosis， reducing cell cycle inhibitors and pro-inflammatory factors， enhancing antioxidant capacity， and reducing oxidative reactions. Moreover， EEBM-treated ADSCs demonstrate stronger anti-aging effects than ADSCs alone. This study provides experimental evidence supporting the clinical use of EEBM to intervene in ADSCs and delay aging.

Objective To investigate the relationship between brain white matter lesions (WML) and triglyceride glucose (TyG) index in non-diabetic elderly individuals based on magnetic resonance imaging. Methods A total of 523 non-diabetic elderly individuals aged ≥ 60 years were selected from Jinan, Shandong Province, China from June 2018 to December 2019. According to the quartiles of TyG index, there were 133 participants in the first quartile (Q1) group, 127 in the second quartile (Q2) group, 132 in the third quartile (Q3) group, and 131 in the fourth quartile (Q4) group. All participants underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging to evaluate paraventricular, deep, and total WML volumes, as well as Fazekas scores. Results Compared with Q1, Q2, and Q3 groups, Q4 group showed significant increase in periventricular, deep, and total WML volumes (P < 0.05). The proportion of participants with a Fazekas score ≥ 2 in the periventricular, deep, and total WML was higher in the Q4 group compared with the Q1 and Q2 groups (P < 0.05). The proportion of participants with a Fazekas score ≥ 2 in deep WML was higher in Q4 group than in Q3 group (P < 0.05). TyG index was significantly positively correlated with periventricular, deep, and total WML volumes (r = 0.401, 0.405, and 0.445, P < 0.001). After adjusting for confounding factors, TyG index was still significantly positively correlated with periventricular, deep, and total WML volumes (P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that compared with Q1 group, the risk of Fazekas score ≥ 2 in periventricular WML was 1.950-fold (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.154-3.294, P = 0.013) in Q3 group and 3.411-fold (95% CI: 1.984-5.863, P < 0.001) in Q4 group, the risk of Fazekas score ≥ 2 in total WML was 2.529-fold (95%CI: 1.444-4.430, P = 0.001) in Q3 group and 4.486-fold (95%CI: 2.314-8.696, P < 0.001) in Q4 group. The risk of Fazekas score ≥ 2 in deep WML was 2.953-fold (95%CI: 1.708-5.106, P < 0.001) in Q4 group compared with Q1 group. Conclusion Increased TyG index is an independent risk factor for WML in non-diabetic elderly individuals.

Objective To explore the effect of influenza vaccination on the prevention of respiratory tract infection in preschool children. Methods The clinical data of 400 preschool children (1-6 years old) who were diagnosed with respiratory tract infection for the first time in department of pediatrics of Xi'an Third Hospital and second department of respiratory medicine of Xi'an Children's Hospital were retrospectively analyzed from January 2023 to December 2023, including acute bronchitis, upper respiratory tract infection and pneumonia. According to the actual influenza vaccination status, the patients were divided into vaccination group (n=210) and non-vaccination group (n=190). The incidence of respiratory tract infection was compared between both groups. The fever duration, average course of disease, hospitalization rate, clinical symptoms scores (fever, cough, nasal congestion, sore throat), inflammation indicators [C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cell count (WBC), neutrophil percentage (NE%)] and recurrence rate after 6 months of follow-up were compared. Results The incidence of respiratory tract infection in the vaccination group was significantly lower than that in the non-vaccination group (21.43% vs 43.16%, P<0.05), and the hospitalization rate was significantly lower compared with that in the non-vaccination group (P<0.05). The scores of fever, cough, nasal congestion and sore throat were lower in the vaccination group than those in the non-vaccination group (P<0.05), and the CRP, WBC and NE% were significantly lower compared to the non-vaccination group (P<0.05). After 6 months of follow-up, the recurrence rate in the vaccination group was 11.11% (5/45), which was significantly lower than 26.83% (22/82) in the non-vaccination group (χ²=0.038, P=4.288<0.05). Conclusion Influenza vaccination can effectively reduce the incidence of respiratory tract infection in preschool children, relieve the symptoms and shorten the disease course after infection. Its preventive effect on influenza is particularly significant, suggesting the importance of strengthening influenza vaccination in preschool children.

To implement the Opinions of the State Council of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Promoting the Inheritance and Innovative Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine， delve into the diseases specifically responding to traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， and serve the building of advantageous specialties， clinical talent cultivation， national research layout， and academic innovation， the Chinese Association of Chinese Medicine sponsored the salons in multiple fields to discuss the diseases specifically responding to TCM. On August 26， 2023， the 25^th salon on the diseases specifically responding to TCM was held in Shanghai. In view of the advantages of TCM and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine in the diagnosis and treatment of psoriasis， Chinese and western medicine experts and interdisciplinary researchers carried out extensive and in-depth discussions and formed specific suggestions and consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of psoriasis with TCM and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine. However， there was still a lack of detailed research path. Under the guidance of the Chinese Association of Chinese Medicine， this paper analyzes the problems in the diagnosis and treatment of psoriasis from the occurrence and development of psoriasis. According to the advantages and characteristics of TCM and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine in the diagnosis and treatment of psoriasis， this paper puts forward the main points of research layout for psoriasis from the three aspects of psoriasis diagnosis and treatment， comorbidity prevention， and chronic disease management as follows： ① optimization of the syndrome differentiation system for psoriasis， ② optimization of assessment indicators for psoriasis， ③ recurrence mechanisms of psoriasis， ④ construction and research of TCM prevention and treatment of psoriasis recurrence， ⑤ construction of the comorbidity spectrum and TCM theoretical system of psoriasis， ⑥ comorbidity mechanisms of psoriasis. Furthermore， this article proposed the research layout and directions， expected goals and values， and funding priorities. Therefore， on the basis of the series of salons about psoriasis as a disease specifically responding to TCM， this article puts forward the research paradigm of psoriasis， aiming to facilitate the high-quality development of TCM and provide reference for the national research layout， the research and development of new TCM preparations， the selection of research topics， and the formulation of guidelines and consensus.

A primary hallmark of pathological cardiac hypertrophy is excess protein synthesis due to enhanced translational activity. However, regulatory mechanisms at the translational level under cardiac stress remain poorly understood. Here we examined the translational regulations in a mouse cardiac hypertrophy model induced by transaortic constriction (TAC) and explored the conservative networks versus the translatome pattern in human dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). The results showed that the heart weight to body weight ratio was significantly elevated, and the ejection fraction and fractional shortening significantly decreased 8 weeks after TAC. Puromycin incorporation assay showed that TAC significantly increased protein synthesis rate in the left ventricle. RNA-seq revealed 1,632 differentially expressed genes showing functional enrichment in pathways including extracellular matrix remodeling, metabolic processes, and signaling cascades associated with pathological cardiomyocyte growth. When combined with ribosome profiling analysis, we revealed that translation efficiency (TE) of 1,495 genes was enhanced, while the TE of 933 genes was inhibited following TAC. In DCM patients, 1,354 genes were upregulated versus 1,213 genes were downregulated at the translation level. Although the majority of the genes were not shared between mouse and human, we identified 93 genes, including Nos3, Kcnj8, Adcy4, Itpr1, Fasn, Scd1, etc., with highly conserved translational regulations. These genes were remarkably associated with myocardial function, signal transduction, and energy metabolism, particularly related to cGMP-PKG signaling and fatty acid metabolism. Motif analysis revealed enriched regulatory elements in the 5' untranslated regions (5'UTRs) of transcripts with differential TE, which exhibited strong cross-species sequence conservation. Our study revealed novel regulatory mechanisms at the translational level in cardiac hypertrophy and identified conserved translation-sensitive targets with potential applications to treat cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure in the clinic.
Animals ; Humans ; Cardiomegaly/physiopathology* ; Ribosomes/physiology* ; Protein Biosynthesis/physiology* ; Mice ; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/genetics* ; Ribosome Profiling

This study aims to delve into the influences and underlying mechanisms of Banxia Xiexin Decoction(BXD) on the proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and migration of colon cancer cells. Firstly, the components of BXD in blood were identified by UPLC-MS/MS, and subsequently the content of these components were determined by HPLC. Then, different concentrations of BXD were used to treat both the normal intestinal epithelial cells(NCM460) and the colon cancer cells(HT29 and HCT116). The cell viability and apoptosis were examined by the cell counting kit-8(CCK-8) and flow cytometry, respectively. Western blot was employed to determine the expression of the apoptosis regulators B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2) and Bcl-2-associated X(Bax). The cell wound healing assay and Transwell assay were employed to measure the cell migration and invasion, respectively. Additionally, Western blot was employed to determine the expression levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)-associated proteins, including epithelial cadherin(E-cadherin), neural cadherin(N-cadherin), and vimentin. The protein and mRNA levels of the factors in the poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase(PARG)/poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1(PARP1)/nuclear factor kappa-B p65(NF-κB p65) signaling pathway were determined by Western blot and RT-qPCR, respectively. The results demonstrated that following BXD intervention, the proliferation of HT29 and HCT116 cells was significantly reduced. Furthermore, BXD promoted the apoptosis, enhanced the expression of Bcl-2, and suppressed the expression of Bax in colon cancer cells. At the same time, BXD suppressed the cell migration and invasion and augmented the expression of E-cadherin while diminishing the expression of N-cadherin and vimentin. In addition, BXD down-regulated the protein and mRNA levels of PARG, PARP1, and NF-κB p65. In conclusion, BXD may inhibit the malignant phenotypes of colon cancer cells by mediating the PARG/PARP1/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Colonic Neoplasms/pathology* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology* ; Phenotype ; Signal Transduction/drug effects* ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects* ; Apoptosis ; Cell Movement/drug effects* ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; HCT116 Cells ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/biosynthesis* ; Humans ; Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1 ; Glycoside Hydrolases ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; NF-kappa B p50 Subunit

Network Meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of different traditional Chinese medicine injections combined with conventional western medicine in treatment of cerebral small vessel disease(CSVD). Computerized searches were conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, EMbase, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and SinoMed for randomized controlled trial(RCT) published in Chinese or English using traditional Chinese medicine injections to treat CSVD. The search time is from the inception to July 15, 2024. Literature screening and statistical analysis were conducted with NoteExpress 3.0.3, RevMan 5.3.5, and Stata 15.1.6. A total of 45 articles were included, involving 3 717 patients, with 1 944 patients in the treatment group and 1 773 patients in the control group. A total of 15 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine injections were involved. Network Meta-analysis indicated that,(1) in terms of improving clinical total effective rate, the best intervention in SUCRA was Ciwujia Injection + conventional western medicine.(2) In terms of reducing NIHSS scores, the best intervention in SUCRA was Xueshuantong Injection + conventional western medicine.(3) In terms of improving ADL scores, the best intervention in SUCRA was Danshen Injection + conventional western medicine.(4) In terms of improving MMSE scores, the best intervention in SUCRA was Xueshauntong Injection + conventional western medicine.(5) In terms of improving MoCA scores, the best intervention in SUCRA was Salvianolate Injection + conventional western medicine.(6) In terms of reducing plasma viscosity(PV), the best intervention in SUCRA was Danhong Injection + conventional western medicine.(7) In terms of reducing the hematocrit, the best intervention in SUCRA was Xuesaitong Injection + conventional western medicine.(8) In terms of reducing fibrinogen, the best intervention in SUCRA was Xuesaitong Injection + conventional western medicine.(9) In terms of reducing erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR), the best intervention in SUCRA was Danshen Injection + conventional western medicine.(10) In terms of reducing total cholesterol(TC), triglycerides(TG), and low-density lipoprotein(LDL), the best intervention in SUCRA was Danshen Injection + conventional western medicine. The radar chart results indicated that the advantage of Salvianolate Injection lies in improving cognitive function, while the advantage of Xueshuantong Injection lies in improving neurological function. The advantage of Xuesaitong Injection lies in improving hemodynamic parameters, and the advantage of Danshen Injection lies in improving behavioral ability, hemodynamics, and blood lipid levels. In terms of safety, there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the traditional Chinese medicine injection treatment group and the conventional western medicine group, and no serious adverse reactions occurred. The results showed that the combination of traditional Chinese medicine injections and conventional western medicine can effectively improve the clinical total effective rate, the neurological and cognitive functions, hemodynamic parameters, and blood lipid levels of patients suffering from CSVD. In addition, more double-blind, multi-center, large-sample RCT is needed to verify these findings and to provide more high-quality evidence on the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine injections for CSVD.
Humans ; Cerebral Small Vessel Diseases/drug therapy* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage* ; Injections ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic