Covid-19 pandemic has caused hundreds of thousands deaths and millions of infections and continued spreading violently. Although researchers are racing to find or develop effective drugs or vaccines, no drugs from modern medical system have been proven effective and the high mutant rates of the virus may lead it resistant to whatever drugs or vaccines developed following modern drug development procedure. Current evidence has demonstrated impressive healing effects of several Chinese medicines (CMs) for Covid-19, which urges us to reflect on the role of CM in the era of modern medicine. Undoubtedly, CM could be promising resources for developing drug candidates for the treatment of Covid-19 in a way similar to the development of artemisinin. But the theory that builds CM, like the emphasis of driving away exogenous pathogen (virus, etc.) by restoring self-healing capacity rather than killing the pathogen directly from the inside and the 'black-box' mode of diagnosing and treating patients, is as important, yet often ignored, an treasure as CM herbs and should be incorporated into modern medicine for future advancement and innovation of medical science.
Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use* ; COVID-19/therapy* ; Disease Outbreaks ; Drug Development/standards* ; Drug Resistance, Viral/genetics* ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional/trends* ; Mutation Rate ; Pandemics ; Phytotherapy/methods* ; SARS-CoV-2/physiology*

Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is a new highly infectious disease caused by a novel coronavirus. Recently, the number of new cases infected pneumonia in the world continues to increase, which has aroused great concern from the international community. At present, there are no small-molecule specific anti-viral drugs for the treatment. The high mortality rate seriously threatens human health. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a unique health resource in China. The combination of TCM and Western medicine has played a positive and important role in combating COVID-19 in China. In this review, through literature mining and analysis, it was found that TCM has the potential to prevent and treat the COVID-19. Then, the network pharmacological studies demonstrated that TCM played roles of anti-virus, anti-inflammation and immunoregulation in the management of COVID-19 via multiple components acting on multiple targets and multiple pathways. Finally, clinical researches also confirmed the beneficial effects of TCM on the treatment of patients. This review may provide meaningful and useful information on further drug development of COVID-19 and other viral infectious diseases.
Antiviral Agents/pharmacology* ; COVID-19/drug therapy* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology* ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional/trends* ; SARS-CoV-2/drug effects*

Bladder has many important functions as a urine storage and voiding organ. Bladder injury caused by various pathological factors may need bladder reconstruction. Currently the standard procedure for bladder reconstruction is gastrointestinal replacement. However, due to the significant difference in their structure and function, intestinal segment replacement may lead to complications such as hematuria, dysuria, calculi and tumor. With the recent advance in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, new techniques have emerged for the repair of bladder defects. This paper reviews the recent progress in three aspects of urinary bladder tissue engineering, i.e., seeding cells, scaffolds and growth factors.
Humans ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Regenerative Medicine ; trends ; Tissue Engineering ; trends ; Tissue Scaffolds ; Urinary Bladder

The development of Chinese medicine and Western medicine andrology is based on different social background and academic systems, either Chinese medicine or Western medicine andrology has their limitations, therefore, integration of Chinese and Western medicine (ICWM) andrology is in a great need. After more than 30 years of development, andrology has made great achievements in the construction of specialized academic association, holding academic conferences and publication of academic monographs, and the research progress on this field is mainly in the combination of disease and syndrome, microdifferentiation of symptoms and signs and basic research development. However, the comprehensive theoretic system of ICWM andrology has not yet established, and the related studies are still on the primary stage. In the future studies, great efforts still need to be made to expand the methods for the investigation of ICWM, and make innovations in the field of andrology.
Andrology ; trends ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; trends ; Periodicals as Topic ; Research Design

In order to find the trends in Panax notoginseng industries of China, a combination of data analysis and empirical analysis was applied to analyze the application of global P. notoginseng patents, the innovation field, the distribution of patent assets, the patent citation network, the distribution of enterprises, the talent team, the competition and cooperation situation based on the financial big data platform of intellectual property industry. From the perspective of industrial technology hotspots, the clinical application of P. notoginseng is becoming more and more widespread, and its clinical treatment field is further expanding. From the perspective of industrial fields, the P. notoginseng industry has gradually expanded from the traditional Chinese medicine field to food, cosmetics, beverages, tea and other daily consumer goods. From the perspective of patent quality, the average maintenance life of P. notoginseng patents of China is lower than the global level, and the value and quality of patents need to be further improved. And the quality of P. notoginseng of China related patent applications has gradually improved in recent years. We analyzed the technology, capital, and talent issues of P. notoginseng industry of China, and summarized and forecasted the status and trends of P. notoginseng industry development of China. It is considered that scientific and technological innovation has become the core engine for the development of the P. notoginseng industry and intellectual property, especially patent protection, escorted the sustainable development of the P. notoginseng industry. Based on the above analysis, several suggestions were put forward to promote the high-quality development of the P. notoginseng industry. It should strengthen scientific and technological support, especially the need for a large number of high-quality scientific and technological output, expand multi-party cooperation, build a high-level technological innovation platform for the P. notoginseng industry, guide long-term capital to continuously and stably invest, and help the P. notoginseng industry to revitalize.
China ; Drug Industry/trends* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Panax notoginseng/chemistry* ; Patents as Topic

The three elements in evidence-based clinical decisions are " best clinical research evidence,physicians' personal experience,and patients' basic values and wishes". This concept coincides with the " bio-psycho-social" model of systematic medicine,and this is the key reason why evidence-based medicine has become the most important diagnostic and therapeutic system under the new medical model. However,there is no methodological support for the implementation of " respecting patients' basic values and wishes".As a result,this concept is difficult to be implemented in clinical practice,and has become the form of " patient or family member' s signature for consent". In narrative medicine,doctors are advocated to record details,psychological processes and even family members' feelings in non-technical language to form parallel medical records,and the key point is to achieve " empathy" between doctors and patients. This idea is consistent with traditional Chinese medicine( TCM),and also provides a practical operation method " to respect patients' basic values and wishes". Medicine is a discipline based on human science,with dual attributes of science and humanity. Humanistic care is the tradition of TCM,and also is one of the basic characteristics and core connotations in TCM. Therefore,in the development of evidence-based TCM,we should combine evidence-based medicine with narrative medicine,and inject humanistic care into evidence-based medicine with the concept and methodology of narrative medicine,so as to achieve the deep integration of science and humanity.
Evidence-Based Medicine ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; trends

Disorders of sex development (DSD) refer to a group of diseases characterized by abnormal congenital development of chromosomes, gonad or genitals with different pathophysiological changes and clinical manifestations. DSD is more common in neonates and adolescents, and neonates often show genital abnormalities while adolescents show abnormal sexual development during puberty. It is the international consensus that the scope of DSD should include basic clinical evaluation (internal and external genitalia and endocrine hormones), diagnostic confirmation (chromosome, genetic diagnosis), psychological assessment for children and family, treatment (sex assignment, hormone replacement and surgical intervention), potential fertility protection and long-term follow-up, which require the expertise of pediatric endocrinology, pediatric urology, clinical psychology, genetic disciplines, medical images and other related disciplines; that is, individualized management of children with DSD requires an experienced multidisciplinary team (MDT). This article reviews the recent progress on the evaluation, diagnosis and management of disorders of sex development.
Consensus ; Disorders of Sex Development ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans ; Medicine ; trends ; Sexual Development

Narrative medicine first entered China in 2011 and has developed rapidly since then. The patient-centered care, shared decision making and relational medicine in the medical sphere, together with patients narrating their illness and narratology contributed to the rise of narrative medicine. Through listening to patients' narratives, paying attention to their emotions, and representing their stories in various ways, clinicians can connect with patients and empathize with them. In this way, affiliation and mutual trust with patients can be established. Patients will feel good in the doctor-patient encounter because of such humane care, and clinicians may get satisfaction from their work. Narrative medicine courses characterized by close reading of literature and writing should be added to the curriculum of medical education as the major content of medical humanities, so as to train narrative competence for the future doctors.
China ; Curriculum ; Education, Medical ; Humans ; Narrative Medicine ; trends ; Physician-Patient Relations

Platelet-rich plasma and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) are widely used in the field of stomatology. Advance-ments in preparation techniques and basic research have enabled the use of PRF derivatives in oral clinical applications. The evolution, preparation techniques, biological properties, and medical research progress of PRF derivatives are reviewed in this paper.
Blood Platelets ; Leukocytes ; Oral Medicine ; trends ; Platelet-Rich Fibrin ; Platelet-Rich Plasma

Anesthesia ; methods ; trends ; Anesthesiology ; methods ; trends ; Anesthetics ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Big Data ; Equipment Design ; Humans ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; methods ; Medicine