At age 44, the live birth rate per in vitro fertilization (IVF) embryo transfer is low, and natural pregnancy is very rare. Here, we report a case of an older infertile patient who gave up on pregnancy after repeated unsuccessful IVF attempts, developed diarrhea, and was administered shinbuto and ninjinto, which are similar to the prescription of bukuryoshigyakuto. She subsequently conceived naturally, resulting in a live birth. The patient was 44 years old and nulligravid. She had undergone IVF eight times, but had never achieved pregnancy. After giving up on pregnancy, she developed diarrhea and other symptoms. With the administration of shinbuto extract granules (7.5 g/day) and ninjinto extract granules (7.5 g/day), her diarrhea completely resolved, and mental symptoms such as irritability and depression also improved. Her menstrual cycle normalized to a 28-day cycle, and natural pregnancy was achieved. The pregnancy progressed smoothly, and at 38 weeks of pregnancy, a cesarean section was performed due to the indication of rigidity of the soft birth canal, resulting in a live birth at age 45. These results suggest that shinbuto and ninjinto, which are similar to the prescription of bukuryoshigyakuto, may be effective in treating the severe fatigue and mental stress experienced after abandoning pregnancy attempts.

Mandibular prognathism is a well-known skeletal discrepancy with varying prevalence rates demographically. Patients with severe prognathism may experience difficulties speaking and chewing food as well as problems with psychosocial adjustment, indicating the need for surgical correction. In cases of single-stage larger mandibular setbacks, complications such as reduction in the pharyngeal airway and instability can be encountered. Therefore, two-stage orthognathic surgery could be recommended. Two patients (17-year-old female and 16-year-old female) reported with large mandibular antero-posterior discrepancies. Surgical correction was performed in two stages. In the first stage, a mandibular setback was performed with an anterior mandibular body osteotomy using Dingman’s technique with a modified step osteotomy, as it provides an increased surface area of contact between the osteotomized segments to achieve better stability. Osteofixation was done using locking titanium miniplates. A year after orthodontic decompensation at the second stage, maxillary advancement using Le Fort I osteotomy and bilateral sagittal split osteotomy for mandibular setback were performed and fixed with unsintered hydroxyapatite/poly-L-lactic acid plates and screws. The post-operative course was followed by post-surgical orthodontics. It can be concluded that a harmonized facial profile with good outcome in terms of skeletal stability, airway dimensions and occlusion were achieved with patient satisfaction.

BACKGROUND: Injectable platelet-rich fibrin (iPRF), a liquid form of PRF that is prepared from peripheral blood without anticoagulants, promotes tissue wound healing and regeneration. The present study focused on iPRF-like bone marrow aspirate concentrate (iBMAC) prepared without anticoagulant, and the regenerative potential of iPRF and iBMAC was compared In Vitro. METHODS: iPRF and iBMAC were prepared from the same New Zealand white rabbits. The cytocompatibility and regenerative potential of each concentrate were evaluated using primary rabbit gingival fibroblasts and osteoblasts. RESULTS: Both gingival fibroblasts and osteoblasts treated with each concentrate exhibited excellent cell viability.Interestingly, compared to cells treated with iPRF, cells treated with iBMAC demonstrated significantly greater migration potential. Furthermore, higher mRNA levels of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and collagen I (COL1) were observed in gingival fibroblasts treated with iBMAC than in those treated with iPRF.Compared with osteoblasts treated with iPRF, osteoblasts treated with iBMAC exhibited greater differentiation potential, as indicated by increased osteocalcin (OCN) expression and mineralization capability. CONCLUSION The results of the In Vitro study suggest that, compared with iPRF, iBMAC may promote wound healing and bone regeneration more effectively. However, further preclinical and clinical studies are needed to confirm the regenerative potential of iBMAC in the body.

BACKGROUND: Injectable platelet-rich fibrin (iPRF), a liquid form of PRF that is prepared from peripheral blood without anticoagulants, promotes tissue wound healing and regeneration. The present study focused on iPRF-like bone marrow aspirate concentrate (iBMAC) prepared without anticoagulant, and the regenerative potential of iPRF and iBMAC was compared In Vitro. METHODS: iPRF and iBMAC were prepared from the same New Zealand white rabbits. The cytocompatibility and regenerative potential of each concentrate were evaluated using primary rabbit gingival fibroblasts and osteoblasts. RESULTS: Both gingival fibroblasts and osteoblasts treated with each concentrate exhibited excellent cell viability.Interestingly, compared to cells treated with iPRF, cells treated with iBMAC demonstrated significantly greater migration potential. Furthermore, higher mRNA levels of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and collagen I (COL1) were observed in gingival fibroblasts treated with iBMAC than in those treated with iPRF.Compared with osteoblasts treated with iPRF, osteoblasts treated with iBMAC exhibited greater differentiation potential, as indicated by increased osteocalcin (OCN) expression and mineralization capability. CONCLUSION The results of the In Vitro study suggest that, compared with iPRF, iBMAC may promote wound healing and bone regeneration more effectively. However, further preclinical and clinical studies are needed to confirm the regenerative potential of iBMAC in the body.

BACKGROUND: Injectable platelet-rich fibrin (iPRF), a liquid form of PRF that is prepared from peripheral blood without anticoagulants, promotes tissue wound healing and regeneration. The present study focused on iPRF-like bone marrow aspirate concentrate (iBMAC) prepared without anticoagulant, and the regenerative potential of iPRF and iBMAC was compared In Vitro. METHODS: iPRF and iBMAC were prepared from the same New Zealand white rabbits. The cytocompatibility and regenerative potential of each concentrate were evaluated using primary rabbit gingival fibroblasts and osteoblasts. RESULTS: Both gingival fibroblasts and osteoblasts treated with each concentrate exhibited excellent cell viability.Interestingly, compared to cells treated with iPRF, cells treated with iBMAC demonstrated significantly greater migration potential. Furthermore, higher mRNA levels of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and collagen I (COL1) were observed in gingival fibroblasts treated with iBMAC than in those treated with iPRF.Compared with osteoblasts treated with iPRF, osteoblasts treated with iBMAC exhibited greater differentiation potential, as indicated by increased osteocalcin (OCN) expression and mineralization capability. CONCLUSION The results of the In Vitro study suggest that, compared with iPRF, iBMAC may promote wound healing and bone regeneration more effectively. However, further preclinical and clinical studies are needed to confirm the regenerative potential of iBMAC in the body.

BACKGROUND: Injectable platelet-rich fibrin (iPRF), a liquid form of PRF that is prepared from peripheral blood without anticoagulants, promotes tissue wound healing and regeneration. The present study focused on iPRF-like bone marrow aspirate concentrate (iBMAC) prepared without anticoagulant, and the regenerative potential of iPRF and iBMAC was compared In Vitro. METHODS: iPRF and iBMAC were prepared from the same New Zealand white rabbits. The cytocompatibility and regenerative potential of each concentrate were evaluated using primary rabbit gingival fibroblasts and osteoblasts. RESULTS: Both gingival fibroblasts and osteoblasts treated with each concentrate exhibited excellent cell viability.Interestingly, compared to cells treated with iPRF, cells treated with iBMAC demonstrated significantly greater migration potential. Furthermore, higher mRNA levels of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and collagen I (COL1) were observed in gingival fibroblasts treated with iBMAC than in those treated with iPRF.Compared with osteoblasts treated with iPRF, osteoblasts treated with iBMAC exhibited greater differentiation potential, as indicated by increased osteocalcin (OCN) expression and mineralization capability. CONCLUSION The results of the In Vitro study suggest that, compared with iPRF, iBMAC may promote wound healing and bone regeneration more effectively. However, further preclinical and clinical studies are needed to confirm the regenerative potential of iBMAC in the body.

BACKGROUND: Injectable platelet-rich fibrin (iPRF), a liquid form of PRF that is prepared from peripheral blood without anticoagulants, promotes tissue wound healing and regeneration. The present study focused on iPRF-like bone marrow aspirate concentrate (iBMAC) prepared without anticoagulant, and the regenerative potential of iPRF and iBMAC was compared In Vitro. METHODS: iPRF and iBMAC were prepared from the same New Zealand white rabbits. The cytocompatibility and regenerative potential of each concentrate were evaluated using primary rabbit gingival fibroblasts and osteoblasts. RESULTS: Both gingival fibroblasts and osteoblasts treated with each concentrate exhibited excellent cell viability.Interestingly, compared to cells treated with iPRF, cells treated with iBMAC demonstrated significantly greater migration potential. Furthermore, higher mRNA levels of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and collagen I (COL1) were observed in gingival fibroblasts treated with iBMAC than in those treated with iPRF.Compared with osteoblasts treated with iPRF, osteoblasts treated with iBMAC exhibited greater differentiation potential, as indicated by increased osteocalcin (OCN) expression and mineralization capability. CONCLUSION The results of the In Vitro study suggest that, compared with iPRF, iBMAC may promote wound healing and bone regeneration more effectively. However, further preclinical and clinical studies are needed to confirm the regenerative potential of iBMAC in the body.

Introduction: Recently, doping among athletes has been on the rise, and pharmacists have an important role in both the promotion of anti-doping (AD) and in providing accurate information and effective support. In this study, we examined various fact-finding surveys that targeted physical education university (PEU) students, and we focused on their use of pharmacies/drugstores, their involvement with pharmacists, and knowledge about AD. We also examined the necessary AD-related professional competencies of pharmacists. Method: Questionnaire surveys were prepared, and the responses of 1,249 students were analyzed. Results : From a survey on what students buy at pharmacies/drug stores it showed that medicines for flu common colds sell the most. Most of the students did not receive any drug consultations at pharmacies/drug stores before purchasing, because they preferred to make their own decisions about drug use. Also, many students were wary of doping with supplements. Although the students who participated in international sports competitions and events possessed a wealth of doping-related knowledge and awareness, PEU students lacked them. Discussion : We determined that it was necessary to gather relevant patient information and explore methods so that intentions could be discussed when purchasing medications from pharmacies/drug stores. We also recognized the need for early doping education programs in light of the inadequate AD-related knowledge and awareness among university student-athletes. Therefore, all pharmacists should strive to acquire a wide range of knowledge to support athletes in this effort. Furthermore, we believe that expanding the professional functions of pharmacists would increase the awareness of AD among athletes.

Objective：The aim of this study was to investigate the current status of home care provided by hospitals and clinics in Kobe City. Methods：In July 2013 a survey was mailed to a cross-section of all clinics and hospitals in Kobe City. Results：Questionnaires were sent to 1,589 clinics and hospitals and 899（57％）responded. Regular and urgent home visits by doctors were provided by 50％ and 65％ of respondents, respectively. End-of-life care for dying patients at home and in nursing homes was provided by 31％ and 18％ of respondents, respectively. The average time spent on home visits was 2.3±1.7 days per week. Care for cancer patients, participation in national palliative care lectures, and holding a discussion at the admitting hospital before discharge for home care, were performed by 23％, 7.0％, and 6.9％ of respondents, respectively. Conclusion：The majority of hospitals and clinics in Kobe City provided home care.

Objective: The aim of this study is to explore the factors associated with the burden of home care for doctors. Methods: In July 2013 a survey was mailed to a cross-section of clinics and hospitals in Kobe City. Results: Questionnaires were sent to 1,589 clinics and hospitals and 899 (57%) responded. Of these, data from 807 respondents were available for analysis. The burden of home care was felt to be considerable for 30% and slight for 31% of respondents. Determinants associated with the burden of home care were; 80 years and older doctors (P=0.05), particular medical measures (P=0.036), building links with other medical facility or care staff (P=0.002), and ensuring the sufficient time and staff (P<0.001). Conclusion: The majority of doctors reported a burden associated with home care.