Objective:To construct a VP8-mRNA vaccine using human rotavirus spike protein VP8 domain as the immunogen and analyze its immunogenicity in mice.Methods:The VP8-mRNA sequence was designed, optimized, and synthesized. The VP8 gene of rotavirus G1P[8] type was used to construct the plasmid pUC57-VP8-Kan-SapⅠ, which was then sequenced. The plasmid confirmed by sequencing was subjected to large-scale amplification and extraction, followed by linearization, in vitro transcription, and capping. The purified capped products were encapsulated with lipid nanoparticles using a microfluidic control apparatus. The encapsulated VP8-mRNA vaccine was administered intramuscularly to mice at 10, 15, and 20 μg. Serum samples were collected for antibody detection by ELISA. Cellular immune responses were detected by flow cytometry and ELISPOT. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way or two-way analysis of variance and Tukey-Kramer test. Results:The encapsulated VP8-mRNA vaccine was rounded and spherical, with a particle size of about 100 nm, a polymer dispersion index of 0.088, and an encapsulation rate of 92.3%. Two doses of VP8-mRNA vaccine immunization could induce a good immune response in mice. The level of IgG antibody induced after immunization in the 15 μg group was comparable to that of the 20 μg group, and there was no statistical difference ( P>0.05), but the antibody levels in the two groups were significantly higher than that in the 10 μg group ( P<0.000 1). VP8-mRNA vaccine could induce neutralizing antibodies against rotavirus G1 and G9 types. The highest level of neutralizing antibodies against rotavirus type G1 was observed in the 15 μg group, which was significantly higher than that in the 10 μg group ( P<0.05). All immunization groups exhibited good neutralizing ability against rotavirus G9 type. The results of ELISPOT showed that lymphocytes from mice in each vaccine group were able to secrete IFN-γ when stimulated with VP8 peptide. Flow cytometry showed that the proportions of CD8 + T cell subsets in the vaccine groups were higher than that in the control group. Conclusion:The VP8-mRNA vaccine has good immunogenicity in mice and can induce good humoral and T-cell immune responses.

Objective:To construct a VP8-mRNA vaccine using human rotavirus spike protein VP8 domain as the immunogen and analyze its immunogenicity in mice.Methods:The VP8-mRNA sequence was designed, optimized, and synthesized. The VP8 gene of rotavirus G1P[8] type was used to construct the plasmid pUC57-VP8-Kan-SapⅠ, which was then sequenced. The plasmid confirmed by sequencing was subjected to large-scale amplification and extraction, followed by linearization, in vitro transcription, and capping. The purified capped products were encapsulated with lipid nanoparticles using a microfluidic control apparatus. The encapsulated VP8-mRNA vaccine was administered intramuscularly to mice at 10, 15, and 20 μg. Serum samples were collected for antibody detection by ELISA. Cellular immune responses were detected by flow cytometry and ELISPOT. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way or two-way analysis of variance and Tukey-Kramer test. Results:The encapsulated VP8-mRNA vaccine was rounded and spherical, with a particle size of about 100 nm, a polymer dispersion index of 0.088, and an encapsulation rate of 92.3%. Two doses of VP8-mRNA vaccine immunization could induce a good immune response in mice. The level of IgG antibody induced after immunization in the 15 μg group was comparable to that of the 20 μg group, and there was no statistical difference ( P>0.05), but the antibody levels in the two groups were significantly higher than that in the 10 μg group ( P<0.000 1). VP8-mRNA vaccine could induce neutralizing antibodies against rotavirus G1 and G9 types. The highest level of neutralizing antibodies against rotavirus type G1 was observed in the 15 μg group, which was significantly higher than that in the 10 μg group ( P<0.05). All immunization groups exhibited good neutralizing ability against rotavirus G9 type. The results of ELISPOT showed that lymphocytes from mice in each vaccine group were able to secrete IFN-γ when stimulated with VP8 peptide. Flow cytometry showed that the proportions of CD8 + T cell subsets in the vaccine groups were higher than that in the control group. Conclusion:The VP8-mRNA vaccine has good immunogenicity in mice and can induce good humoral and T-cell immune responses.

Objective:To identify the risk factors for functional delayed gastric emptying(FDGE)after retroperitoneal tumor resection.Meth-ods:Sixty-seven patients with postoperative FDGE after retroperitoneal tumor resection from September 2017 to December 2022 admited in Peking University International Hospital were included in the observation group,and 836 normal patients who underwent ret-roperitoneal tumor resection during the same period were included in the control group.Medical histories and clinical treatment data were obtained for each group and compared to identify the risk factors for FDGE after retroperitoneal tumor resection.Results:The overall incid-ence of postoperative FDGE was 7.42%.Factors that were significantly elevated(P<0.05)in the observation group relative to the control group included adverse mental factors(37.31%),preoperative digestive tract obstruction(41.79%),postoperative abdominal cavity complic-ations(79.10%),diabetes(29.86%),average age of(61.85±6.11)years,and blood loss(1 011.94±507.30)mL.Pre-and post-surgery albumin levels[(38.22±3.75)g/L and(30.22±3.36)g/L,respectively]were significantly reduced(P<0.05)in the observation group compared to the control group.Risk factor analyses revealed that advanced age,diabetes,preoperative digestive tract obstruction,intraoperative blood loss,perioperative albumin level,postoperative abdominal cavity complications,and adverse mental factors were correlated with postoperative FDGE.Conclusions:Diverse factors could impact the risk of FDGE after retroperitoneal tumor resection.Patients should be accurately evalu-ated;reasonable and detailed prevention and treatment plans should be developed.

Objective:To explore the clinical diagnosis and treatment methods and curative effect of retroperitoneal ganglioneuromaMethods:The clinical data of 32 cases of retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma admitted to Peking University International Hospital from Apr 2015 to May 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, and their clinical characteristics, surgical efficacy and prognosis were discussed.Results:Of the 32 patients with retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma, 17 had no obvious clinical symptoms, 7 complained abdominal distension and pain, 6 had lower back pain, and 2 had abdominal mass. Tumors were located near the adrenal and renal regions in 18 cases, on both sides of the spine below the kidneys in 11 cases, and in the pelvis in 3 cases. tumors were single in 28 cases, multiple in 4 cases.Tumors were surrounded by major blood vessels in 12 cases. R 0 or R 1 resection was carried out in 27 cases, and palliative R 2 resection in 5 cases, combined organ resection in 6 cases, and piecemed resection in 8 cases. The maximum tumor diameter was (13.2±4.9)cm, the intraoperative blood loss was 500 (50-6 000 ml), and 6 cases suffered from major postoperative complications. Between patients with tumors encircling and encroaching major blood vessels or not, there were significant differences in age, intraoperative blood loss, R 2 resection rate, and pieceneal resection rate between the two groups ( t=2.44, P=0.021; Z=2.37, P=0.018; χ2=4.57, P=0.033; χ2=11.38, P=0.001). There was no recurrence in patients with R 0 or R 1 resection. Conclusions:The prognosis of complete resection of retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma is good .Major blood vessels encroachment of the tumor often leads to incomplente (R 2) resection.

Objective:To summarize the experience of surgical treatment of pelvic retroperitoneal neoplasms.Methods:A total of 107 patients with pelvic retroperitoneal neoplasms underwent surgical treatment from Apr 2015 to Sep 2020. According to the neoplasm location, size, and the relationship with the surrounding tissues, individualize the surgical plan, analyze the patient's basic condition, bleeding volume, tumor size, whether it is the first operation,or combined organ resection, etc.to find out the relevant factors affecting the surgical complications.Results:The surgical route included anterior approach in 67 cases , sacrococcygeal approach in 21 cases, combined abdominal-sacral approach in 13 cases, and laparoscopy in 5 cases. Twenty-nine patients underwent combined organ resection, postoperative complications occurred in 27 patients including colorectal anastomotic leakage in 6 cases, urinary fistula in 6 cases, delayed pelvic floor healing in 6 cases, rectovaginal fistula in 3 cases, and postoperative bleeding in 2 cases. The statistical analysis show whether or not first operation is related to the occurrence of complications ( χ2=4.79, P<0.05) Conclusion:Pelvic retroperitoneal neoplasms need to be fully prepared before surgery and individualized design. Intraoperative combined bleeding control measures and combined organ resection can effectively increase the resection rate and ensure the safety of surgery.

To investigate the changes of aortic stiffness and its influencing factors in patients with chronic kidney diseases (CKD).Eightyfour patients with CKD from Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital were divided into the dialysis group (CKD stage 5,=48) and non-dialysis group (CKD stage 3-5,=36). Clinical data, biochemical parameters and echocardiography findings were collected. SphygmoCor pulse wave analysis system was used to obtain pulse wave analysis (PWA) parameters including central aortic systolic blood pressure (CSP), central pulse pressure (CPP), augmented pressure (AP), augmentation index (AIX), and heart rate 75-adjusted augmentation index (HR75AIX). The influencing factors of aortic stiffness were analyzed by spearman correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis.CSP, CPP, AP, AIX and HR75AIX in dialysis patients had no significant differences compared with those in non-dialysis group (all>0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that CSP was positively correlated with systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, left atrial diameter (LA),left ventricular systolic diameter (LVDs), left ventricular diastolic diameter (LVDd), and negatively correlated with calcium and hemoglobin levels. CPP was positively correlated with systolic blood pressure, age, LA, LVDd, and negatively correlated with diastolic blood pressure and hemoglobin levels. AP was positively correlated with systolic blood pressure, age, LA, LVDd, and negatively correlated with hemoglobin levels. AIX was positively correlated with systolic blood pressure, age, sodium, and negatively correlated with phosphorus levels. HR75AIX was positively correlated with systolic blood pressure, sodium, cholesterol, and negatively correlated with hemoglobin and albumin levels. Multiple regression analysis showed that higher systolic blood pressure was the independent risk factor for CSP (β=0.944,<0.01); lower diastolic blood pressure (β=0.939,<0.01) and higher systolic blood pressure (β=-1.010,<0.01) were the independent risk factors for CPP; older age (β=0.237,<0.01) and higher systolic blood pressure (β=0.200,<0.01) were the independent risk factors for AP; higher systolic blood pressure (β=0.163 and 0.115,<0.05 and<0.01) and higher sodium (β=0.646 and 0.625, all<0.05) were independent risk factors for both AIX and HR75AIX.No significant correlation is observed between aortic stiffness and CKD of different stages. Control blood pressure and restrict sodium intake may be effective means of delaying arterial stiffness in patients with CKD.
Age Factors ; Aorta ; pathology ; Blood Pressure ; physiology ; Cholesterol ; Dialysis ; Female ; Heart Atria ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Regression Analysis ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic ; complications ; Risk Factors ; Sodium, Dietary ; adverse effects ; Vascular Stiffness ; physiology

Aim To study the effect of pectin-adriamy-cin conjugate ( PAC) on cardiac toxicity .Methods 50 female SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups with 10 animals in each group .Adriamycin ( ADM ) group received 3 mg? kg -1 , ip, every other day for 6 times.PAC group received ADM equivalent 1.5,3 and 6 mg? kg -1 , ip, every other day for 6 times.Control group received normal saline parallel to ADM .Rats were sacrificed and the echocardiogram , cardiac en-zymes , the oxidative stress levels in myocardial cells and histopathological changes after 48 h administration were detected.S180 ascites tumor bearing mice models were established to investigate the antitumor activity of PAC.Results The survival rate of ADM group was 50% and that of PAC each group was 100%.PAC could significantly increase body weight ,heart index and immune index and increase HR ,EF,FS,reduce LVIDd, LVIDs.PAC could also significantly increase the AST , LDH, CK, CK-MB level in serum .GSH-Px and SOD activities of PAC group were significantly increased and MDA contents were reduced , and histopathological changes decreased .PAC could effectively inhibit the growth of tumor cells and extend the survival period of mice.Conclusion PAC induces a significant reduc-tion in cardiotoxicity by increasing survival rate , im-mune and cardiac function , improving cardiac en-zymes ,oxidative stress and myocardial cell injury , and also PAC has obvious antitumor effect .

Objective: To investigate the changes of aortic stiffness and its influencing factors in patients with chronic kidney diseases ( CKD) .Methods:Eighty-four patients with CKD from Department of Nephrology , Zhejiang Provincial People ’ s Hospital were divided into the dialysis group ( CKD stage 5 , n=48 ) and non-dialysis group ( CKD stage 3 -5 , n =36 ) . Clinical data , biochemical parameters and echocardiography findings were collected .SphygmoCor pulse wave analysis system was used to obtain pulse wave analysis ( PWA ) parameters including central aortic systolic blood pressure ( CSP ) , central pulse pressure ( CPP ) , augmented pressure ( AP ) , augmentation index ( AIX ) , and heart rate 75 -adjusted augmentation index ( HR75 AIX ) .The influencing factors of aortic stiffness were analyzed by spearman correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis .Results: CSP, CPP, AP, AIX and HR75 AIX in dialysis patients had no significant differences compared with those in non-dialysis group (all P>0.05).Spearman correlation analysis showed that CSP was positively correlated with systolic blood pressure , diastolic blood pressure , cholesterol , low-density lipoprotein cholesterol , left atrial diameter ( LA ) , left ventricular systolic diameter ( LVDs ) , left ventricular diastolic diameter ( LVDd ) , and negatively correlated with calcium and hemoglobin levels . CPP was positively correlated with systolic blood pressure , age, LA, LVDd, and negatively correlated with diastolic blood pressure and hemoglobin levels . AP was positively correlated with systolic blood pressure, age, LA, LVDd, and negatively correlated with hemoglobin levels .AIX was positively correlated with systolic blood pressure , age, sodium, and negatively correlated with phosphorus levels .HR75AIX was positively correlated with systolic blood pressure , sodium , cholesterol , and negatively correlated with hemoglobin and albumin levels .Multiple regression analysis showed that higher systolic blood pressure was the independent risk factor for CSP (β=0.944, P<0.01);lower diastolic blood pressure (β=0.939, P<0.01) and higher systolic blood pressure (β=-1.010, P<0.01) were the independent risk factors for CPP; older age (β=0.237, P <0.01) and higher systolic blood pressure (β=0.200,P<0.01) were the independent risk factors for AP; higher systolic blood pressure (β=0 .163 and 0 .115 , P<0 .05 and P<0.01 ) and higher sodium (β=0.646 and 0.625, all P <0.05 ) were independent risk factors for both AIX and HR 75 AIX.Conclusions: No significant correlation is observed between aortic stiffness and CKD of different stages .Control blood pressure and restrict sodium intake may be effective means of delaying arterial stiffness in patients with CKD .

OBJECTIVETo investigate the method and effect of percutaneous nephroscopic necrosectomy (PNN) for post-operatively resident infection of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).

METHODSData of the 15 SAP patients with post-operatively resident infection treated by PNN from June 2008 to December 2014 in Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital were reviewed. Twelve of the patients underwent the laparotomy within 1 week, 1 in 3(rd) week, 1 in 4(th) week and the other one on the 127(th) day. All of the referrals firstly received (multi-)percutaneous catheter drainage (PCD), and then PNN operation according to the disease, followed by continuous irrigation-drainage.

RESULTSEleven patients were healed after received only one PNN operation, 2 patients for twice, 1 for three times and 1 for four times. The average post-operative time of hospital stay was 66.2 days (10-223 days). The complications after operation contained colon fistula (n = 1), abdominal hemorrhage (n = 1), pancreatic pseudocyst (n = 1), severe pulmonary infection (n = 1). Three patients eventually died.

CONCLUSIONSPercutaneous nephroscopic necrosectomy is a minimally invasive approach which could prevent the complicated re-laparotomy operation, result in less complication. It is an ideal method for treating SAP patients with post-operatively resident infection.

Drainage ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Laparotomy ; Length of Stay ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; Operative Time ; Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing ; complications ; surgery ; Postoperative Complications ; microbiology ; Reoperation

Objective: To compare the efifcacy between emergent and delayed stent implantation in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) after thrombus extraction.
Methods: A total of 82 STEMI patients who received thrombus extraction and intracoronary injection of tiroifban, sodium nitroprusside, nitroglycerin via thrombus extraction catheter and with recovered TIMI 3 lfow from 2012-11 to 2014-01 were retrospectively studied. The patients were randomized into 2 groups by SAS software: Emergent group, the patients received stent implantation immediately upon diagnosis and Delayed group, the patients were treated by anti-platelet and anticoagulant medication for 10-14 days, and then received stent implantation. n=41 in each group. The primary and secondary indicators were compared between 2 groups which including ST-segment resolution (STR), the occurrence rate of no-relfow/slow-relfow, myocardial blush grade (MBG) 3, parameters of stent, ventricular remodeling condition, the incidence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE).
Results: ①Delayed group had the post PCI STR at (68.2 ± 9.2)%, TIMI 3 grade at 97.5%, MBG 3 at 69.0%and corrected TIMI frame count (CTFC) at (19.5 ± 5.2), compared with Emergent group, P<0.05. The occurrence rate of no-relfow/slow-relfow in Delayed group and Emergent group were 2.5% and 31.0%, P<0.01. ②The parameters of stents in Delayed group and Emergent group were as the number at (1.21 ± 0.32) vs. (1.76 ± 0.76), the mean length at (28.3 ± 11.7) mm vs. (33.7 ± 12.9) mm, the mean diameter at (3.17 ± 0.76) mm vs. (2.82 ± 0.87) mm, all P<0.01. Delayed group had the higher dilating pressure than that in Emergent group, (18.5 ± 6.2) atm vs (13.6 ± 7.1) atm, P<0.01, and more patients in Delayed group receive high-pressure non-compliant balloon dilation 75% vs 23.8%, P<0.01. ③With 6 months of follow-up study, there were slightly declining trend for LVEF and LVSF in both groups than that at 1 week condition, P>0.05, while LVEDV and LVEDD increased than 1 week, P<0.05, the changes were more obvious in Emergent group, P<0.05. Delayed group had less MACE occurrence, P<0.05.
Conclusion: Delayed stent implantation in STEMI patients after thrombus extraction had reduced incidence of post PCI no-relfow/slow-relfow phenomenon, improved myocardial reperfusion and less MACE occurrence.