Objective:To investigate the role and possible mechanism of edaravone dexborneol in the prevention and control of patho-logical injury of brain tissue around hematoma after intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH).Methods:A total of 176 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham-operation group,ICH group,edaravone group,and edaravone dexborneol group,with 44 rats in each group.All rats except those in the sham-operation group were used to establish a rat model of acute ICH,and each group was further di-vided into 1-day,3-day,7-day,and 14-day subgroups according to the time of evaluation,with 11 rats in each subgroup.At 2 hours after modeling,drugs were administered via intraperitoneal injection,i.e.,6 ml/kg normal saline for the sham-operation group and the ICH group,6 mg/kg edaravone for the edaravone group,and 7.5 mg/kg edaravone dexborneol for the edaravone dexborneol group,fol-lowed by subsequent administration every 12 hours until day 14.The modified Neurological Severity Score(mNSS)was used to assess neurological function;the wet-dry weight method was used to measure the water content of brain tissue;the biochemical methods were used to measure nitric oxide(NO)and total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)in brain tissue around the hematoma;immunohistochemistry was used to measure the content of CD16 and CD206 in brain tissue around the hematoma.Results:The mNSS score on day 3(peak of the disease)was 0.6±0.5 for the sham-operation group,14.0±1.6 for the ICH group,9.8±0.8 for the edaravone group,and 10.4±1.1 for the edaravone dexborneol group,with a water content of 63.2±2.14,85.61±1.43,81.48±1.9,and 76.77±1.44,respectively,and the content of NO was 2.45±0.46,9.98±0.54,8.77±0.36,and 7.92±0.43,respectively;the content of T-AOC was 0.67±0.02,0.74±0.03,0.78±0.02,and 0.84±0.03,respectively;the content of CD16 was 143.8±15.82,3 673.81±166.33,2 970.74±132.75,and 2 521.69±140.74,respectively;the content of CD206 was 548.46±93.68,726±97.81,915.28±100.33,and 1 119.51±160.52,respectively.There were significant differences in these indica-tors between the edaravone dexborneol group and the other three groups(all P<0.05).Conclusion:Edaravone dexborneol can alleviate neurological deficit caused by ICH and exert a neuroprotective effect by reducing brain tissue edema around the hematoma,alleviating oxidative stress,and regulating the polarization of microglial cells.

Kidneys filter bloodand regulate fluid and electrolyte balances.However,the kidney is susceptible to toxicity of various compounds,Resulting in renal damage.Hence,prevention and treatment of renal injury is a hot research topic.Zebrafish is an ideal animal model,because it is closely related to humans in terms of morphology,physiology,and kidney functions and its response to compounds.In this article,we review the method and evaluation indexes of zebrafish kidney injury modeling.

Objective To discuss the sleep quality of hospitalized patients with rheumatic diseases and the factors affecting the quality of sleep. Methods With Pittsburgh sleep quality index ( PSQI) questionnaire and the self-designed questionnaire about the factors affecting sleep were used to survey 125 patients with rheumatic disease from November 2013 to October 2014 in a level three class A hospital in Beijing city. Results Rheumatoid disease inpatients PSQI scores between 7 to 12 points had 35 cases, accounted for 28. 0%, more than 12 points having 6 cases, accounted for 4. 8%, PSQI various dimensions of 93 patients with seven hours of sleep time and accounted for 74. 4%, sleep efficiency more than 85% having 115 patients and accounted for 92. 0%, but the poor quality of sleep group with 113 cases and accounted for 90. 4%, sleep time group 101 cases of patients and accounted for 80. 8%, patients with sleep disorders in 120 cases, accounted for 96%, 111 cases of patients with daytime dysfunction, accounted for 88. 8%, and used hypnotic drugs in patients with only 13 cases, accounted for 10. 4%, group of patients with rheumatic disease of the Pittsburgh sleep quality index was higher than normal group (P<0. 01); there was no significant difference in the total score of PSQI and in patients with glucocorticoid (P <0. 05). The percentage of poor sleep quality was in patients with more than sixty years old, not continue to work or study and poor sleep before hospitalization, and sleep quality of patients affected by physical discomfort (P<0. 01);the primary factors affected patients′sleep was psychological factors. Conclusions The hospitalized patients with rheumatoid disease sleep quality are poor, while psychological factors are the main factors affecting sleep and corticosteroids is not absolutely the influencing factors of sleep. The elderly, the length of sleep before good quality patients should attract the attention of nurses. Using your own sleep drugs can improve sleep quality. Evaluation and assessment of patients′sleep quality can find out potential problems.