Objective To analyze serotype distribution, drug resistance, quinolone resistance gene carrying status and genetic relationship of foodborne Salmonella and human Salmonella isolates in Changzhou from 2012 to 2018, to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of Salmonella. Methods The serum type was identified by serum agglutination and liquid chip. The antibiotic sensitivity was determined by micro broth dilution method. The quinolone antibiotic resistance gene was determined by gene sequencing method. The multilocus sequence typing ( MLST ) typing was performed on quinolone-resistant Salmonella, and the genetic relationship was analyzed by BioNumerics 8.0. Results A total of 10 and 36 serotypes were detected in 46 foodborne Salmonella strains and 152 human Salmonella strains, respectively. The dominant serotypes were Indiana Salmonella and Salmonella typhimurium. Erythromycin resistance rate was the highest in both Salmonella strains, and the proportion of multidrug-resistant bacteria was 93.47 % ( 43 / 46 ) and 80.92 % ( 123 / 152 ), respectively. 38 strains of quinolone-resistant foodborne Salmonella GyrA subunit mainly occurred double mutations Asp87Asn, Ser83Phe, ParC subunit mainly occurred single mutation Ser80Arg, 119 strains of quinolone-resistant human Salmonella qnrS gene detection rate was higher, reached 68.1 % ( 81 / 119 ) ; The dominant ST types of quinolone-resistant Salmonella from two sources were ST17 and ST19, respectively. Conclusions The antibiotic sensitivity of the two Salmonella resistant strains from Changzhou was the same ; Synergistic drug resistance, but both quinolone resistance genemutations and carry inconsistent ; The ST type distribution of quinolone resistant strains isalso inconsistent, and the genetic relationship is far. It is suggested that the probability of Salmonella resistant bacteria infection caused by food transmission in our region is small, and the treatment of the two should be differentiated.

Objective To investigate the risk of Anisakis infections among high-risk populations along the coastal areas of Jiangsu Province, so as to develop the strategy for the prevention and control of anisakiasis in the province. Methods Three counties along the coastal areas of Jiangsu Province were selected as the study sites in 2018, including Rudong County in Nantong City, Haizhou District in Lianyungang City and Dongtai City in Yancheng City. The knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of anisakiasis prevention and control, and the prevalence of serum specific IgG antibody against Anisakis were investigated among high-risk populations among these three study sites, including fishermen, fish seller and people who liked eating fresh and live marine fish. Factors affecting the prevalence of the specific IgG antibody against Anisakis were identified using a multiple logistic regression model. In addition, Anisakis larvae infections were detected in fresh and live marine fish samples collected from local markets, and the prevalence and intensity of Anisakis infections were estimated. Results A total of 625 high-risk populations were investigated, including 349 men (55.8%). Only 13.0% of the subjects heard about anisakiasis, and a low awareness rate of anisakiasis prevention and control knowledge was seen among these three types of high-risk populations. There were 21.6% of the subjects eating raw or half-cooked marine fish, 5.8% eating undercooked marine fish, 3.2% presenting vomiting, nausea and diarrhea after eating marine fish, 5.1% developing systemic allergic symptoms, and 65.6% using the same chopping board for raw and cooked food. The sero-prevalence of the anti-Anisakis IgG antibody was 7.0% among the study subjects. Multiple logistic regression analysis identified education level [OR = 0.687, 95% CI (0.478, 0.987)] and development of systemic allergic symptoms [OR = 4.641, 95% CI(1.411, 15.268)]as factors affecting the positive anti-Anisakis IgG antibody among the study subjects. Among 494 fresh and live marine fish detected, the prevalence and intensity of Anisakis larvae infection was 64.0% and 8.1 larvae per fish, with high prevalence seen in Trichiurus haumela and Pneumatophorus japonicas. Conclusions The awareness of anisakiasis prevention and control knowledge is low among the high-risk populations living along the coastal areas of Jiangsu Province, and there are high-risk behaviors, such as eating raw or half-cooked food, using the same chopping board for raw and cooked food. In addition, the prevalence of Anisakis infections is high in the marine fish in these areas. Therefore, the health education and health promotion for anisakiasis prevention and control should be intensified.

Purpose::To establish a severe blast lung injury model of goats and investigate the feasibility of lung ultrasonic score in the evaluation of blast lung injury.Methods::Twenty female healthy goats were randomly divided into three groups by different driving pressures: 4.0 MPa group ( n = 4), 4.5 MPa group ( n = 12) and 5.0 MPa group ( n = 4). The severe blast lung injury model of goats was established using a BST-I bio-shock tube. Vital signs (respiration, heart rate and blood pressure), lung ultrasound score (LUS), PO 2/FiO 2 and extravascular lung water (EVLW) were measured before injury (0 h) and at 0.5 h, 3 h, 6 h, 9 h, 12 h after injury. Computed tomography scan was performed before injury (0 h) and at 12 h after injury for dynamic monitoring of blast lung injury and measurement of lung volume. The correlation of LUS with PaO 2/FiO 2, EVLW, and lung injury ratio (lesion volume/total lung volume*100%) was analyzed. All animals were sacrificed at 12 h after injury for gross observation of lung injury and histopathological examination. Statistical analysis was performed by the SPSS 22.0 software. The measurement data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. The means of two samples were compared using independent-sample t-test. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted. Results::(1) At 12 h after injury, the mortality of goats was 0, 41.67% and 100% in the 4.0 Mpa, 4.5 MPa and 5.0 MPa groups, respectively; the area of pulmonary hemorrhage was 20.00% ± 13.14% in the 4.0 Mpa group and 42.14% ± 15.33% in the 4.5 MPa group. A severe lung shock injury model was established under the driving pressure of 4.5 MPa. (2) The respiratory rate, heart rate, LUS and EVLW were significantly increased, while PaO 2/FiO 2 was significantly reduced immediately after injury, and then they gradually recovered and became stabilized at 3 h after injury. (3) LUS was positively correlated with EVLW (3 h: r = 0.597, 6 h: r = 0.698, 9 h: r = 0.729; p < 0.05) and lung injury ratio (12 h: r= 0.884, p < 0.05), negatively correlated with PaO 2/FiO 2 (3 h: r =－0.871, 6 h: r =－0.637, 9 h: r =－0.658; p < 0.05). Conclusion::We established a severe blast lung injury model of goats using the BST-I bio-shock tube under the driving pressure of 4.5 MPa and confirmed that ultrasound can be used for quick evaluation and dynamic monitoring of blast lung injury.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the influence and significance of preeclampsia with different degrees of gestational hypertension on infant hearing.METHODS: Totally 1046 newborns whose mothers had a history of pre-eclampsia with hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy were divided into groups according to the severity of pre-eclampsia and whether they were premature or not from Jan. 2015 to Dec. 2017 in the Forth Hospital of Shijiazhuang.Hearing tests were conducted and compared with newborns whose mothers had no history of pre-eclampsia with hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy.RESULTS: Of the 14 741 infants studied,57 were finally diagnosed with sensorineural hearing loss,with a total abnormality rate of 0.39%(57/14 741).Among them,34 infants with pre-eclampsia without hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy had an abnormality rate of 0.25%.There were 12 infants with mild preeclampsia in their mothers,with an abnormality rate of 1.47%.There were 11 infants whose mothers had severe preeclampsia,with an abnormality rate of 4.76%.There were significant differences between mild group and control group,severe group and control group,and severe group and mild group(P<0.01).Among the term infants,33 cases were finally diagnosed as sensorineural hearing loss,with a total abnormality rate of 0.26%.Among them,21 full-term infants with pre-eclampsia without hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy had an abnormality rate of 0.18%.There were 7 infants whose mothers had mild preeclampsia,with an abnormality rate of 1.30%.There were 5 infants with severe preeclampsia,with an abnormality rate of 3.91%.There were significant differences between mild group and control group,severe group and control group,and severe group and mild group(P<0.01,P< 0.01,P<0.05,respectively).Among premature infants,a total of 24 cases were finally diagnosed as sensorineural hearing loss,with an overall abnormality rate of 1.09%.Among them,there were 13 infants with preeclampsia whose mothers had no hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy,with an abnormality rate of 0.71%.There were 5 infants with mild preeclampsia in their mothers,with an abnormality rate of1.81%.There were 6 infants with severe preeclampsia,with an abnormality rate of 5.83%.There was no significant difference between the mild group and the control group(P>0.05),but there was significant difference between the severe group and the control group,and between the severe group and the mild group(P<0.01 and P<0.05,respectively).CONCLUSION: Premature infants with severe hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy and preeclampsia are at high risk of hearing impairment.The higher the degree of hypertension,the higher the rate of hearing impairment.The emphasis should be put on strengthening the hearing monitoring and follow-up of such children.

BACKGROUNDTh9 cells are a newly discovered CD4+ T helper cell subtype, characterized by high interleukin (IL)-9 secretion. Growing evidences suggest that Th9 cells are involved in the pathogenic mechanism of multiple sclerosis (MS). Mast cells are multifunctional innate immune cells, which are perhaps best known for their role as dominant effector cells in allergies and asthma. Several lines of evidence point to an important role for mast cells in MS and its animal models. Simultaneously, there is dynamic "cross-talk" between Th9 and mast cells. The aim of the present study was to examine the IL-9-mast cell axis in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and determine its interaction after neutralizing anti-IL-9 antibody treatment.

METHODSFemale C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into three groups (n = 5 in each group): mice with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-induced EAE (EAE group), EAE mice treated with anti-IL-9 antibody (anti-IL-9 Abs group), and EAE mice treated with IgG isotype control (IgG group). EAE clinical score was evaluated. Mast cells from central nervous system (CNS) were detected by flow cytometry. The production of chemokine recruiting mast cells in the CNS was explored by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). In mice with MOG-induced EAE, the expression of IL-9 receptor (IL-9R) complexes in CNS and spleen mast cells was also explored by RT-PCR, and then was repeating validated by immunocytochemistry. In vitro, spleen cells from EAE mice were cultured with anti-IL-9 antibody, and quantity of mast cells was counted by flow cytometry after co-culture.

RESULTSCompared with IgG group, IL-9 blockade delayed clinical disease onset and ameliorated EAE severity (t = -2.217, P = 0.031), accompany with mast cells infiltration decreases (day 5: t = -8.005, P < 0.001; day 15: t = -11.857, P < 0.001; day 20: t = -5.243, P = 0.001) in anti-IL-9 Abs group. The messenger RNA expressions of C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (t = -5.932, P = 0.003) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (t = -4.029, P = 0.004) were significantly decreased after IL-9 neutralization in anti-IL-9 Abs group, compared with IgG group. In MOG-induced EAE, the IL-9R complexes were expressed in CNS and spleen mast cells. In vitro, splenocytes cultured with anti-IL-9 antibody showed significantly lower levels of mast cells in a dose-dependent manner, compared with splenocytes cultured with anti-mouse IgG (5 μg/ml: t = -0.894, P = 0.397; 10 μg/ml: t = -3.348, P = 0.019; 20 μg/ml: t = -7.639, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONSThis study revealed that IL-9 neutralization reduced mast cell infiltration in CNS and ameliorated EAE, which might be relate to the interaction between IL-9 and mast cells.

Animals ; Antibodies ; therapeutic use ; Central Nervous System ; metabolism ; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Female ; Immunohistochemistry ; Interleukin-9 ; antagonists & inhibitors ; immunology ; metabolism ; Mast Cells ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

Objective Transcription factor forkhead box L 2 (FOXL2) is a key regulator of granulosa cells (GCs) estrogen syn-thesis and function maintenance .However, the FOXL2 protein expres-sion and function regulation mechanism are unknown .We explored how DNAJB11 regulates estrogen synthesis of granulosa cells with immunoprecipitation , immunofluorescent staining and luciferase re-porter gene. Methods The expression and localization of DNAJB 11 was detected by immunohistochemistry staining in isolated mouse ovary tissues .we use immunoprecipitation , immunofluorescence staining and luciferase reporter gene assay to investigate the mechanism of DNAJB11, a member of the endoplasmic reticulum Hsp 40 /DnaJ family, regulating the estrogen synthesis in granulosa cells . Results DNAJB11 is expressed in the mouse ovary and granulosa cells .Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) promotes DNAJB11 ex-pression in a time and concentration dependent manner and induces endogenous DNAJB 11 protein translocation from the ER to the nu-cleus in KGN cells.Moreover, Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of DNAJB11 did not affect the proliferation of granulosa cells .How-ever, the concentration of estrogen in granulosa cells was affected by concentration -dependent and subcellular localization-dependent manner (10749±801.7 pg/mL vs 14217±1218.0 pg/mL P<0.01).Immunoprecipitation assay confirmed that DNAJB11 binds to FOXL2 in granulosa cells .When overexpressed in the nucleus of granulosa cells , DNAJB11 could significantly enhance the stability of FOXL2 (P<0.05) and promote FOXL2-mediated activity of Cyp19A1 promoter (P<0.01), while the expression of DNAJB11 in the nucleus increased the expression of Cyp 19A1 protein by 1.5 times ( P<0.05) . Conclusion These results demonstrate that DNAJB 11 was a new binding molecule of transcription factor FOXL 2 and regulated FOXL 2 protein stability and transcription activity .

BACKGROUNDColorectal serrated polyp is considered as histologically heterogeneous lesions with malignant potential in western countries. However, few Asian studies have investigated the comprehensive clinical features of serrated polyps in symptomatic populations. The aim of the study was to evaluate the features of colorectal serrated polyps in a Chinese symptomatic population.

METHODSData from all consecutive symptomatic patients were documented from a large colonoscopy database and were analyzed. Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test and logistic regression analysis were used for the data processing.

RESULTSA total of 9191 (31.7%) patients were detected with at least one colorectal polyp. The prevalence of serrated polyps was 0.53% (153/28,981). The proportions of hyperplastic polyp (HP), sessile serrated adenoma/polyp (SSA/P), and traditional serrated adenoma (TSA) of all serrated polyps were 41.2%, 7.2%, and 51.6%, respectively, which showed a lower proportion of HP and SSA/P and a higher proportion of TSA. Serrated polyps appeared more in males and elder patients while there was no significant difference in the subtype distribution in gender and age. The proportions of large and proximal serrated polyps were 13.7% (21/153) and 46.4% (71/153), respectively. In total, 98.9% (89/90) serrated adenomas were found with dysplasia. Moreover, 14 patients with serrated polyps were found with synchronous advanced colorectal neoplasia, and large serrated polyps (LSPs) (odds ratio: 3.446, 95% confidence interval: 1.010-11.750, P < 0.05), especially large HPs, might have an association with synchronous advanced neoplasia (AN).

CONCLUSIONSThe overall detection rate of colorectal serrated polyps in Chinese symptomatic patient population was low, and distribution pattern of three subtypes is different from previous reports. Moreover, LSPs, especially large HPs, might be associated with an increased risk of synchronous AN.

Adult ; Age Distribution ; Aged ; Chi-Square Distribution ; Colonic Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; Colonoscopy ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence

Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; POEMS Syndrome ; diagnosis ; Syphilis ; diagnosis

The study is aimed to ensure the quality and safety of medicinal plants by using ITS2 DNA barcode technology to identify Corydalis boweri, Meconopsis horridula and their close related species. The DNA of 13 herb samples including C. boweri and M. horridula from Lhasa of Tibet was extracted, ITS PCR were amplified and sequenced. Both assembled and web downloaded 71 ITS2 sequences were removed of 5. 8S and 28S. Multiple sequence alignment was completed and the intraspecific and interspecific genetic distances were calculated by MEGA 5.0, while the neighbor-joining phylogenetic trees were constructed. We also predicted the ITS2 secondary structure of C. boweri, M. horridula and their close related species. The results showed that ITS2 as DNA barcode was able to identify C. boweri, M. horridula as well as well as their close related species effectively. The established based on ITS2 barcode method provides the regular and safe detection technology for identification of C. boweri, M. horridula and their close related species, adulterants and counterfeits, in order to ensure their quality control, safe medication, reasonable development and utilization.
Base Sequence ; China ; Corydalis ; chemistry ; classification ; genetics ; DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic ; methods ; DNA, Plant ; chemistry ; genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer ; chemistry ; genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Papaveraceae ; chemistry ; classification ; genetics ; Phylogeny ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; classification ; genetics

BACKGROUNDA multi-center large scale study is needed to confirm the efficacy and safety of domestic peritoneal dialysis (PD) solutions. Some researchers believe that 6 L/d is enough for adequate dialysis, but there is no multi-center prospective study on Chinese population to confirm this. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of domestic PD solution (Changfu) and its difference between 6 L and 8 L dosage.

METHODSAdult PD patients who had taken PD therapy for at least one month were selected and divided into four groups according to two dialysis solution brands and two dialysis dosages, i.e., 6 L dose with Changfu dialysis solution, 6 L dose with Baxter dialysis solution, 8 L dose with Changfu dialysis solution, and 8 L dose with Baxter dialysis solution. After 48 weeks, the changes of primary and secondary efficacy indices were compared between different types and different dosages. We also analyzed the changes of safety indices.

RESULTSChanges of Kt/V from baseline to 48 weeks between Changfu and Baxter showed no statistical differences; so did those of creatinine clearance rate (Ccr). Normalized protein catabolic rate (nPCR) from baseline to 48 weeks between Changfu and Baxter showed no statistical differences; so did those of net ultrafiltration volume (nUF) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Changes of nPCR from baseline to 48 weeks between 6 L and 8 L showed no statistical differences; so did those of nUF and eGFR. The decline of Kt/V from baseline to 48 weeks in 6 L group was more than that in 8 L group. Change of Ccr was similar. During the 48-week period, the mean Kt/V was above 1.7/w, and mean Ccr was above 50 L×1.73 m(-2)×w(-1). More adverse events were found in Changfu group before Changfu Corporation commenced technology optimization, and the statistical differences disappeared after that.

CONCLUSIONSThe domestic PD solution (Changfu) was proven to be as effective as Baxter dialysis solution. During 48-week period, a dosage of 6 L/d was enough for these patients to reach adequate PD. Clinical study promotes technological optimization, further helps to improve the safety indices of the medical products.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Dialysis Solutions ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peritoneal Dialysis ; methods ; Young Adult