ObjectiveTo construct a multifunctional liposomal delivery system by replacing cholesterol（Chol） in conventional liposomes with saikosaponin D（SSD） and modifying with poloxamer 407（P407） for co-delivery of curcumin（Cur）. The system was evaluated for in vivo tumor targeting and inhibitory effects on mouse subcutaneous solid tumors. MethodsSingle-factor and orthogonal tests combined with information entropy weighting were used to optimize the formulation process of the liposome with encapsulation efficiency and absolute Zeta potential as indexes， and validation studies and liposomal characterization were performed. A subcutaneous solid tumor model was established by injecting H22 hepatocellular carcinoma cells subcutaneously into the dorsal surface of the right forelimb of mice. DiR-loaded traditional Chol liposomes（P407-DiR-Chol-LPs， PDCL） and novel SSD-based liposomes（P407-DiR-SSD-LPs， PDSL） were prepared by the optimized formulation process， and tail vein injection was performed to investigate the impact of SSD on liposome tumor targeting with small animal in vivo imaging. Mice were randomly divided into eight groups， including blank group， model group， free doxorubicin（DOX） group（2 mg·kg^-1）， free Cur group（8 mg·kg^-1）， free SSD group（10 mg·kg^-1）， P407-Cur-Chol-LPs（PCCL） group， P407-SSD-LPs（PSL） group， and P407-Cur-SSD-Lps（PCSL） group. Treatments were administered intraperitoneally every other day for seven doses. Antitumor efficacy and biocompatibility were evaluated by monitoring body weight change， organ indices， tumor volume and mass， relative tumor proliferation rate（T/C）， and tumor growth inhibition rate（TGI）. Histopathological analysis of liver， kidney， and tumor tissues was performed using hematoxylin-eosin（HE） staining. Serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase（AST）， alanine aminotransferase （ALT）， blood urea nitrogen（BUN）， and creatinine（Crea）in mice were quantified by fully automated biochemical analyzer. ResultsOrthogonal test yielded optimal ratios of Cur， SSD， and P407 to soybean phosphatidylcholine（SPC） as 1∶25， 1∶20， and 1∶4. The optimized PCSL exhibited spherical morphology with a particle size of 179.15 nm， a Zeta potential of -47.25 mV， and an encapsulation efficiency of 96.40%. Its in vitro release profile conformed to first-order kinetics， demonstrating excellent storage stability and hemocompatibility. In vivo imaging revealed that the fluorescence signal in tumor tissues and the fluorescence intensity ratio between tumors and organs were significantly higher in the PDSL group than in the PDCL group（P<0.05， P<0.01）. Among the treatment groups， PCSL group showed superior efficacy over free Cur group， free SSD group， PCCL group， and PSL group， with TGI>40% and T/C<60%， indicating pronounced anti-hepatocellular carcinoma effects（P<0.05， P<0.01）. Histopathology and serum biochemistry indicated minimal hepatorenal toxicity and improved hepatic and renal function in PCSL-treated mice. ConclusionReplacing Chol with SSD in preparing multifunctional drug delivery systems not only stabilizes liposomes but also yields superior anti-hepatocellular carcinoma efficacy， achieving the effect of drug-excipient integration. Co-delivery of Cur via this system can be used for treating subcutaneous solid tumors in hepatocellular carcinoma， providing new insights and technical approaches for anti-hepatocellular carcinoma research and the meridian-guiding and messenger-directing theory in traditional Chinese medicine.

Objectives: This study evaluates the efficacy of a new temporomandibular joint (TMJ) capsule suspension technique for stabilizing the TMJ after free fibular flap reconstruction of the mandibular condyle. Patients and Methods: Patients undergoing the TMJ capsule suspension technique during free fibular flap reconstruction after mandibulectomy with condylectomy (study group; n=9) were compared with a control group (n=9). Mandibular movement trajectory and surface electromyographic signals of bilateral masseters were recorded. The neocondyle–disc relationship was examined with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 6 months after surgery. Results: Maximal mouth opening and bilateral marginal movement distances were comparable between the two groups (P>0.05). The asymmetry index of the condyle path length was significantly higher in controls (P=0.02). Bilateral mouth opening trajectories were symmetric in 7 patients and deviated to the affected side in 2 patients in the study group; they deviated to the affected side in all controls. The mean electromyographic values of the masseter on the affected side in resting, maximum bite, and chewing states were comparable between the two groups (P=0.13, P=0.65, and P=0.82, respectively). On MRI at 6 months, the thicknesses of the anterior, medial, and posterior bands and TMJ disc length were similar on the affected and normal sides in the study group (P=0.57, P=0.13, P=0.48, and P=0.87, respectively). Conclusion The proposed TMJ capsule suspension technique could improve postoperative TMJ structure and function after fibular free flap reconstruction following mandibulectomy with condylectomy.

Objective To investigate the feasibility and safety of transradial approach(TRA)for carotid artery stenting(CAS)using single-layer braided carotid stents with a microporous dense mesh design.Methods A retrospective consecutive series of patients with carotid artery stenosis who underwent CAS via TRA using single-layer braided microporous dense mesh stents admitted to the Department of Neurology,Linyi People's Hospital,Shandong Second Medical University were included from December 2022 to April 2023.General and clinical data,lesion characteristics,procedural metrics,periprocedural conditions,and follow-up outcomes were collected from the patients.General and clinical data including sex,age,medical history(hypertension,diabetes,coronary artery disease),and preoperative modified Rankin scale(mRS)score.Lesion characteristics included stenosis location,normal lumen diameters distal and proximal to the stenosis,stenosis rate,lesion length,and aortic arch type.Procedural metrics included successfully guided catheter placement,stent deployment,retrieval of the embolic protection device and residual stenosis rate.Periprocedural conditions included periprocedural complications(within 72 hours included puncture site bleeding,symptomatic radial artery occlusion,new cerebral infarctions on diffusion-weighted imaging,and cardio-cerebrovascular events[angina,acute myocardial infarction,cerebral infarction,cerebral hemorrhage])and length of hospital stay.The mRS scores at 1 and 6 months after surgery were recorded via telephone follow-ups.At 12 months after surgery,outpatient carotid color Doppler ultrasound was performed to evaluate in-stent restenosis.Results(1)Ten patients(9 male,1 female)aged 57-72 years,with a median age of 70(62,71)years were included.Among them,9 had hypertension,2 had diabetes,and 1 had coronary artery disease.Four patients had symptomatic carotid stenosis:2 presented with hemiparesis,1 with mild dysarthria,and 1 with transient ischemic attack.Preoperative mRS scores among symptomatic patients were 0(1 patient),1(2 patients),and 2(1 patient).The remaining 6 patients had asymptomatic stenosis,all with preoperative mRS scores of 0.(2)Two patients had left internal carotid artery(ICA)stenosis,and 8 had right ICA stenosis.The mean stenosis degree was(79.9±7.1)％,and the mean lesion length was(16.8±5.7)mm.The mean normal distal and proximal lumen diameter of the stenosed blood vessel were(5.1±0.5)mm and(8.1±0.8)mm,respectively.One patient had a type Ⅰ aortic arch,8 patients had type Ⅱ,and 1 patient had type Ⅲ.Among the 8 patients with right ICA stenosis,4 underwent direct catheterization of the right common carotid artery using a glidewire,while the other 4 required exchange technique for guide catheter placement.Both left-sided lesions were treated using exchange technique.Guide catheter placement and stent deployment were successful in all cases.No difficulties were encountered in embolic protection device retrieval.The mean residual stenosis rate was(21.6±6.7)％.(3)The mean postoperative hospital stay was(1.8±0.9)days.No puncture site bleeding or symptomatic radial artery occlusion occurred.One patient experienced a cerebrovascular event due to a pontine perforator artery infarction,presenting with diplopia and impaired left eye adduction,likely caused by postoperative hypotension and hypoperfusion.This patient had an immediate postoperative mRS score of 2 at discharge,which improved to 0 at 6 months.The other 9 patients showed no change in mRS scores compared to preoperative assessments,and no new cerebral infarctions were detected within 72 hours after surgery.At 12-month follow-up,carotid color Doppler ultrasound revealed no in-stent restenosis in any patient.Conclusions CAS performed via TRA using single-layer braided microporous dense mesh stents appears to be feasible and safe.However,this study is a single-center,retrospective analysis with a small sample size.Larger prospective randomized controlled trials are needed to validate these findings.

Objective To understand the pathogenic molecular characteristics of the latest prevalent Group A Streptococcus(GAS)in a suburban area of Beijing.Methods Throat swab specimens from children suspected of GAS infection in the outpatient setting of a sentinel surveillance hospital in a suburban area of Beijing from January 2023 to June 2025 were collected.GAS strains were detected and cultured.Antimicrobial susceptibility testing on 12 antimicrobial agents were performed,and molecular epidemiological characteristics of GAS strains was further ana-lyzed by whole genome sequencing technique.Results Data of 326 children suspected of GAS infection in outpatient setting were collected.A total of 41 GAS strains were detected and cultured,with a detection rate of 12.58％.The proportions of children with anterior cervical lymph node enlargement,tonsil congestion,and jaw congestion in the GAS positive group were all higher than those in the GAS negative group,and differences were all statistically sig-nificant(all P＜0.05).All 41 GAS strains carried both erm(B)and tet(M)resistance genes and exhibited a struc-tural type(cMLS)resistance phenotype.All of the emm12 strains were ST36,and emm1 strains were ST28.A to-tal of 6 emm12 subtypes and 1 emm1 subtype were detected,namely emm12.2,emm12.95,emm12.69,emm12.17,emm12.19,emm12.149,and emm1.12.Among them,emm12.149 was a newly discovered subtype.Nucleobase at the 175 100 locus in gene sequence had undergone an A→ T mutation.A total of 5 bacteriophages and 6 superanti-gens were detected.There were statistically significant differences in multi-nucleotide polymorphisms(MNPs)and insertion numbers in the genomes of emm12.0 and emm12 subtypes(both P＜0.05).The phylogenetic tree presen-ted a highly clonal group of 23 GAS strains in this area,accounting for 57.50％.Conclusion The prevalent GAS strain in this area is emm12.emm12.149 is a new subtype.The resistance genes and phenotypes are erm(B),tet(M),and structural type(cMLS).The genome has plenty genetic polymorphism,and the genome sequences of multiple GAS strains are highly cloned,indicating the possibility of clone transmission.This suggests that the sur-veillance of GAS in sentinel hospitals should continue to be strengthened,so as to provide theoretical basis for the prevention and control of GAS epidemics.

Objective:To construct a clinical practice training system for master′s degree students specializing in oral nursing based on the competency iceberg model for job performance, and to provide a valuable reference for the clinical training of master′s students in oral nursing.Methods:The research team initially formulated the components of the clinical practice training system through an extensive literature review and semi-structured interviews. From October 17, 2023, to November 13, 2023, the Delphi expert consultation methodology was utilized to facilitate two rounds of inquiries involving 20 specialists in the domain of oral care.Results:The positive coefficients of the two rounds of expert inquiries were 95.24% (20/21) and 100.00% (21/21). The authority coefficients were 0.925 and 0.929, while the variation coefficients ranged from 0.00 to 0.22 and from 0.05 to 0.11. Additionally, Kendall′s harmony coefficients were 0.229 and 0.319 (both P<0.01). The finalized training system included training objectives, training content, training requirements and examinations, totaling 3 first-level items, 18 second-level items and 67 third-level items. Conclusions:The training system of clinical practice for oral nursing graduate students constructed in this study is informative and reliable, and can provide reference for clinical practice of professional postgraduates in oral nursing.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of Naikan cognitive therapy(NCT)combined with medica-tion in improving depressive symptoms and sleep quality in patients with chronic schizophrenia.Methods:Patients were included if they met the following criteria:diagnosed with schizophrenia based on ICD-10 criteria,a disease course of ≥2 years,stable condition under maintenance antipsychotic medication,presence of depressive symptoms and sleep quality issues,and no use of antidepressants in the past two months.A total of 64 eligible patients were randomly assigned to the NCT group(n=32)or the mental health education(MEC)group(n=32).The interven-tion lasted 6 days,with 2 patients from each group dropping out.The Beck Depression Inventory-Ⅱ(BDI-Ⅱ)and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)were used to assess depressive symptoms and sleep quality.Results:After the intervention,the BDI-Ⅱ score difference(post-treatment score minus pre-treatment score)in the NCT group was significantly lower than that in the MEC group(P＜0.001).Similarly,the PSQI total score difference was also lower in the NCT group compared to the MEC group(P＜0.001).Conclusion:Adding Naikan cognitive therapy to routine medication treatment can effectively improve depressive symptoms and sleep quality in patients with chronic schizophrenia.

Objective To understand the current status of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)systematic reviews/Meta-analysis over the past 10 years.Methods Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews,PubMed,Web of Knowledge,CNKI,SinoMed,WanFang Data,VIP databases,as well as the Cochrane Register and PROSPERO registration platform were searched to collect TCM-related systematic reviews/Meta-analysis published between January 2015 and December 2024.Literature was screened,and standardization of institutions,countries,and journals was performed.Data cleaning was conducted,and trends in publication years,high-frequency diseases,journals,institutions,and highly cited papers were analyzed.Results A total of 11,174 papers were included,involving approximately 56,656 authors from 1,422 institutions across 44 countries,covering 1,300 journals and 1,070 diseases.The top five institutions in terms of publications were Beijing University of Chinese Medicine(954 papers),Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine(928 papers),China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences(537 papers),Tianjin University of Chinese Medicine(460 papers),and Chengdu University of Chinese Medicine(393 papers).Foreign institutions with the highest publication volumes were concentrated in South Korea,Iran,and Australia.The most frequently published Chinese journal was Zhongyi Clinical Research with 332 papers,while the most published English journal was Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine with 311 papers.There were 282 single-author papers involving 271 authors,and the most cited paper was referenced 323 times,The three most frequently studied diseases were diabetes(267 papers,2.39％),angina pectoris(214 papers,1.92％),and osteoarthritis(210 papers,1.88％).Non-pharmacological interventions such as acupuncture(1,265 papers,11.32％),auricular therapy(101 papers,0.90％),and Tai Chi(98 papers,0.88％)were most frequently reported.In pharmacological interventions,studies on Tripterygium wilfordii tablets(76 papers,0.68％)and Danhong injection(54 papers,0.48％)were more common.Conclusion The systematic reviews/Meta-analysis method is widely used in the field of TCM,and the field continues to grow.Active academic teams,institutions,and journals have emerged.Over the past decade,there has been a considerable body of evidence in Chinese systematic reviews on TCM for chronic diseases such as diabetes,angina pectoris,and osteoarthritis.In English-language studies,non-pharmacological therapies like acupuncture have been more widely reported,and some high-impact studies have emerged.However,challenges remain,such as issues with research transparency and methodological standardization.Future efforts should focus on establishing transparent systems and quality control mechanisms to further enhance the reliability,accuracy,and dissemination of TCM evidence-based research.

In order to study the effects of prostaglandin D2(PGD2)on cow bone marrow-derived macrophages induced by E.coli,cultured cow bone marrow-derived macrophages were taken as the research object.The effects of endogenous and exogenous PGD2 on the secretion and phagocytosis of E.coli induced proinflammatory cytokines(IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α)in macrophages were ana-lyzed.The results showed that the synthesis of PGD2 in macrophages induced by E.coli is depend-ent on the natural pattern recognition receptors TLR2,TLR4 and NLRP3.Inhibition of endogenous PGD2can down-regulate the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines(IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α)in E.coli induced macrophages(P＜0.001),and inhibition of endogenous PGD2 can enhance the kill-ing function of macrophages to a certain extent(P＜0.01).In addition,exogenous PGD2 could up-regulate the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines(IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α)in macrophages af-ter E.coli stimulation(P＜0.01),and exogenous PGD2 could weaken the killing function of mac-rophages within a certain concentration range(P＜0.01).Results indicated that PGD2 had certain effects on the secretion of cytokines and phagocytosis and killing function of macrophages induced by E.coli.

Objective:To explore the core dimensions of adolescent anxiety and their relationship with parental rearing styles and perceived social support using network analysis.Methods:A total of 3 712 adolescents were in-vestigated.The Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders,the Short-form Egna Minnenav Barndoms Uppfostran for Chinese,and the Perceived Social Support Scale were used to assess the anxiety levels,parental rea-ring styles,and perceived social support.Network analysis and gender network comparison were conducted using R programming language.Results:The network analysis model showed that generalized anxiety and somatization/pan-ic anticipation had the highest Expected Influence of 1.21 and 1.12,which were the two core dimensions of adoles-cent anxiety levels.The affective warmth in parental rearing styles had a Bridge Expected Influence index of 0.34,making it a bridging node in the network.The network comparison result indicated that there were significant struc-tural gender differences in the adolescent anxiety-parenting style-perceived social support network(P＜0.05),but there was no significant gender difference in global strength(P＞0.05).Conclusion:Interventions targeting adoles-cent anxiety should prioritize generalized anxiety and somatization/panic.Emotional warmth in parenting serves as a bridge connecting adolescent anxiety with perceived levels of social support.

Aim To investigate the intestinal protection and possible mechanism of magnolol(MG)in newborn rats with necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC).Methods The rats were randomly divided into control group(Ctrl group),model group(NEC group)and treatment group(MG group).The NEC model was induced by hypoxia,cold stimulation,deep formula milk and LPS intragastric administration in 7-day-old rats for four days.They were killed after five days of treatment with MG(20 mg·kg-1).HE staining was used to observe the intestinal pathological injury.Western blot was used to detect the expressions of IL-1 β,TNF-α,NL-RP3,ASC,caspase-1 and tight junction protein in the distal ileum of rats.Colon contents were collected for 16S rDNA sequencing to understand the gut microbio-ta.Results MG improved the body mass and intesti-nal injury of NEC neonatal rats.The expressions of in-testinal IL-1β,TNF-α,NLRP3,ASC and caspase-1 proteins were down-regulated,and the expressions of Claudin,Occludin and ZO-1 proteins were up-regula-ted.16S rDNA showed that MG increased the diversity of intestinal flora,and at the phylum level,MG in-creased the abundance of firmicutes and bacteroides in NEC model,and decreased the abundance of pro-teobacteria.At the genus level,MG treatment in-creased the abundance of Lactobacillus,unclassified_Muribaculaceae,Racteroides,but decreased the abun-dance of Escherichia_Shigella,Rodentibacter and Fuso-bacterium.Conclusion MG intervention can protect the intestinal tract of NEC rats by potentially improving barrier function,and regulating the intestinal microbiota through the NLRP3/ASC/caspase-1 signaling pathway.