Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and changing trends of non suicidal self injury (NSSI) behaviors among middle school students in Jiading District of Shanghai, from 2015 to 2023, so as to provide a basis for the development of NSSI prevention and control measures among students. Methods: Using a stratified cluster random sampling method, a total of five times for Shanghai Adolescent Health Risk Behavior Surveys were conducted for every two years in Jiading District of Shanghai from 2015 to 2023. A total of 5 231 middle school students from junior high schools and senior high schools were selected for questionnaire surveys. Intergroup comparisons were performed using the x 2 test or the χ 2 trend test, and the JointPoint 5.0 software was used to analyze the changing trends, with the annual percent change (APC) used for evaluation. A binary Logistic regression model was employed to analyze the related factors of NSSI behavior among middle school students. Results: In 2023, the reported NSSI rate among middle school students in Jiading District was 14.2%. The rate was significantly higher among junior high school students (17.1%) than that among senior high school students (11.1%), and higher among females (19.2%) than that among males (10.0%) ( χ 2=10.04, 23.21, both P <0.01). From 2015 to 2023, the overall reported NSSI rate showed an increasing trend, rising from 8.6% in 2015 to 14.2% in 2023 ( χ 2 trend =22.25), with an APC of 6.64% ( t =3.49), and the APC for girls was 9.79 % ( t =3.20) (all P <0.05). Among students reporting NSSI, the proportion experiencing ≥6 episodes increased from 10.8% in 2015 to 19.2% in 2023 ( χ 2 trend =6.57, P <0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that girls, junior high school students, those with insomnia, depressive emotion and drinkers had higher risks of NSSI, compared to boys, senior high school students, those without insomnia, non depressive emotion students and non drinkers ( OR =1.71, 1.96, 3.44, 4.76, 1.77, all P < 0.05 ). Conclusions The reported rate of NSSI among middle school students in Jiading District of Shanghai, increased annually from 2015 to 2023, and the proportion of repeated NSSI also showed an upward trend. Early intervention measures targeting middle school students, especially junior high school students and females, should be implemented to prevent and control its occurrence and development.

Mitochondrial dysfunction in chondrocytes is a key pathogenic factor in osteoarthritis (OA), but directly modulating mitochondria in vivo remains a significant challenge. This study is the first to verify a correlation between mitochondrial dysfunction and the downregulation of the FOXO3 gene in the cartilage of OA patients, highlighting the potential for regulating mitophagy via FOXO3 gene modulation to alleviate OA. Consequently, we developed a chondrocyte-targeting CRISPR/Cas9-based FOXO3 gene-editing tool (FoxO3) and integrated it within a nanoengineered 'truck' (NETT, FoxO3-NETT). This was further encapsulated in injectable hydrogel microspheres (FoxO3-NETT@SMs) to harness the antioxidant properties of sodium alginate and the enhanced lubrication of hybrid exosomes. Collectively, these FoxO3-NETT@SMs successfully activate mitophagy and rebalance mitochondrial function in OA chondrocytes through the Foxo3 gene-modulated PINK1/Parkin pathway. As a result, FoxO3-NETT@SMs stimulate chondrocytes proliferation, migration, and ECM production in vitro, and effectively alleviate OA progression in vivo, demonstrating significant potential for clinical applications.

Myocardial fibrosis is a serious cause of heart failure and even sudden cardiac death. However, the mechanisms underlying myocardial ischemia-induced cardiac fibrosis remain unclear. Here, we identified that the expression of sterile alpha and TIR motif containing 1 (SARM1), was increased significantly in the ischemic cardiomyopathy patients, dilated cardiomyopathy patients (GSE116250) and fibrotic heart tissues of mice. Additionally, inhibition or knockdown of SARM1 can improve myocardial fibrosis and cardiac function of myocardial infarction (MI) mice. Moreover, SARM1 fibroblasts-specific knock-in mice had increased deposition of extracellular matrix and impaired cardiac function. Mechanically, elevated expression of SARM1 promotes the deposition of extracellular matrix by directly modulating P4HA1. Notably, by using the Click-iT reaction, we identified that the increased expression of ZDHHC17 promotes the palmitoylation levels of SARM1, thereby accelerating the fibrosis process. Based on the fibrosis-promoting effect of SARM1, we screened several drugs with anti-myocardial fibrosis activity. In conclusion, we have unveiled that palmitoylated SARM1 targeting P4HA1 promotes collagen deposition and myocardial fibrosis. Inhibition of SARM1 is a potential strategy for the treatment of myocardial fibrosis. The sites where SARM1 interacts with P4HA1 and the palmitoylation modification sites of SARM1 may be the active targets for anti-fibrosis drugs.

Objective:To investigate the effect of oxidized-low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) on contrast-induced renal tubular epithelial cell apoptosis and its mechanism.Methods:Human renal proximal tubular epithelial HK-2 cells were cultured in vitro and divided into four groups using the random number table method, including a control group, an ox-LDL group (50 μg/ml ox-LDL), an iohexol group (100 mg I/ml iohexol) and an ox-LDL+iohexol group (50 μg/ml ox-LDL+100 mg I/ml iohexol). Apoptosis rates were detected using the in situ terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling assay. Western blotting was used to detect the level of apoptosis by evaluating the presence of cleaved cysteine aspartic acid specific protease-3 (cleaved Caspase-3) protein. Mitochondrial membrane potential was detected using the JC-1 method. Mitochondrial/cytoplasmic cytochrome C (Cyt C) levels were detected by Western blotting to assess mitochondrial damage. Western blotting was used to detect the levels of the mitochondrial fission-related dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) and the mitochondrial fusion-related optic atrophy protein 1 (OPA1) to evaluate mitochondrial fusion/fission. Independent sample t test and one-way analysis of variance were used for data analysis. Results:The apoptosis rate [(30.12±3.19)%] and the relative expression of cleaved Caspase-3 protein (0.34±0.07) in the iohexol group were higher than those in the control group [(4.77±1.68)%, 0.23±0.05] ( P<0.05, 0.01). The apoptosis rate [(48.81±4.96)%] and the relative expression of cleaved Caspase-3 protein (0.53±0.05) in the ox-LDL+iohexol group were higher than those in the iohexol group (both P<0.01). The mitochondrial membrane potential (1.61±0.15) and mitochondrial/cytoplasmic Cyt C ratio (1.09±0.14) in the iohexol group were lower than those in the control group (6.15±0.52 and 3.09±0.45) (both P<0.01). The mitochondrial membrane potential (0.27±0.01) and the mitochondrial/cytoplasmic Cyt C ratio (0.24±0.04) in the ox-LDL+iohexol group were lower than those in the iohexol group (both P<0.01). The relative expression of Drp1 protein in the iohexol group (0.49±0.05) was higher than that in the control group (0.29±0.03), the relative expression of long OPA1 protein (0.24±0.03) was lower than that of the control group (0.40±0.03) (both P<0.01). The relative expression of Drp1 protein in the ox-LDL+iohexol group (0.64±0.02) was higher than that in the iohexol group, the relative expression of long OPA1 protein (0.07±0.02) was lower than that in the iohexol group (both P<0.01). Conclusions:ox-LDL can exacerbate contrast-induced renal tubular epithelial cell apoptosis, and its mechanism may be due to an imbalance in mitochondrial fusion and division caused by the contrast agent, leading to the increase mitochondrial damage.

Objective: To study the effects and potential mechanisms of the aquaporin 1(AQP1) inhibitor acetazolamide(AZ) on the proliferation, apoptosis, and inflammatory response of rheumatoid arthritis(RA) fibroblast-like synoviocytes(FLS). Methods: TNF-α-induced RA-FLS was served as in vitro RA model. MTT assay, IF staining, and EdU incorporation assay were applied to study AZ′s effects on RA-FLS proliferation. Hoechst staining, flow cytometry analysis of Annexin V-FITC/PI-stained cells, and mitochondrial membrane potential detection experiments were used to detect cell apoptosis. ELISA and quantitative real-time PCR methods were used to measure pro-inflammatory cytokine production. Cell autophagy was evaluated using IF staining and mCherry-GFP-LC3B puncta assay. Western blot was performed to detect the levels of autophagy, apoptosis, and proliferation-related proteins. Moreover, the role of autophagy inhibition in AZ′s effects on RA-FLS was examined by co-treating with the autophagy activator rapamycin(RAPA) or the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine(3-MA). Results: AZ dose⁃dependently inhibited cell proliferation , promoted apoptosis , and reduced the production of pro⁃inflammatory cytokines in RA⁃FLS. Furthermore , AZ suppressed cytoprotective autophagy in these cells , as evidenced by decreased LC3B levels ( P < 0. 05 ) , increased p62 expression ( P < 0. 05 ) , and reduced autophagic flux ( P <0. 01) . Particularly , AZ ′s beneficial effects were reversed by RAPA⁃induced autophagy activation and enhanced by 3 ⁃MA⁃induced autophagy inhibition. Conclusion This study provides the first evidence that AZ hinders cytoprotective autophagy , thereby alleviating the hyperproliferation , apoptosis resistance , and aberrant inflammatory response of RA⁃FLS , revealing the core role of autophagy inhibition in AZ ′s anti⁃RA effects.

[Objective] To explore the characteristics of lifestyle behaviors and mental health status among blood donors in Guangzhou, and to investigate the correlation between donation frequency and these factors. [Methods] A cross-sectional study was conducted among 13 042 whole blood donors from 17 street blood donation sites of Guangzhou Blood Center from May to August 2020. Descriptive analysis was used to describe the characteristics of lifestyle behaviors and mental health status among blood donors in Guangzhou. Ordinal multinomial logistic regression model was used to analyze the correlation between donation frequency and these factors. [Results] It was found that some of 13 042 blood donors had unhealthy habits, such as 6.8% (698/10 214，2 828 missing values) had severe tobacco dependence, 30.6% (3 997/13 042) had low exercise levels, 38.8%（5 056/13 042）had poor sleep quality, and 2.2% (271/12 159，883 missing values) had alcohol dependence. In addition, 2.8% (364/13 042) and 1.3% (172/13 042) of the donors may have moderate to severe depression and anxiety symptoms, respectively. The results of the ordinal multinomial logistic regression model showed that exercise level was significantly negatively correlated with the degree of depression and anxiety among blood donors. With the decrease in exercise level, the possibility of depression and anxiety among donors increased significantly. BMI, household income, education level, marital status, donation frequency, alcohol consumption and smoking had no significant correlation with the mental health status of donors. [Conclusion] Improving the exercise habits of blood donors may help enhance their mental health level. It is recommended that blood station staff strengthen the content of exercise when providing health education to blood donors to maintain a healthy lifestyle. It also suggests that there may be a certain degree of under-diagnosis of mental health problems in the process of health consultation before blood donation, and conducting more comprehensive and effective mental health assessments for blood donors is recommended.

Objective To investigate the effects of pretreatment with Xuebijing injection on renal tubular injury in rats with contrast-induced acute kidney injury(CI-AKI).Methods Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were selected and divided into normal group,model group,control group,and treatment group according to the random number table method,with 6 rats in each group.The animal model of CI-AKI was prepared by adopting iohexol,and the normal group was not subjected to any treatment.The rats in the treatment group were injected with Xuebijing injection via the tail vein 15 hours before modeling until 24 hours after modeling.The injection volume was 10 mL/kg for every 6 hours.The control group was injected with normal saline at the same time point.After 24 hours of modeling,the urine of rats in each group was collected to determine the levels of blood urea nitrogen(BUN)and urine N-acetyl-β-D-gluco-aminidase(uNAG),and the blood was collected to determine the levels of serum creatinine(SCr).Then the rats were killed and the kidney tissues were extracted,and then stained with hematoxylin-eosin(HE),and the pathological changes of the kidney tissues were observed under the light microscope.Results BUN,SCr and uNAG were significantly higher in the model group than those in the normal group[BUN(μmol/L):37.29±6.18 vs.6.37±1.19,SCr(mmol/L):30.43±4.44 vs.14.90±1.61,uNAG(U/L):47.77±4.71 vs.11.32±3.62,all P<0.01];BUN,SCr and uNAG levels were obviously decreased in the treatment group compared to the model group[BUN(μmol/L):9.45±3.04 vs.37.29±6.18,SCr(mmol/L):19.83±2.16 vs.30.43±4.44,uNAG(U/L):21.70±6.21 vs.47.77±4.71,all P<0.05],however,BUN and uNAG in the treatment group were still significantly higher than those in the normal group[BUN(μmol/L):9.45±3.04 vs.6.37±1.19,uNAG(U/L):21.70±6.21 vs.11.32±3.62,P<0.05 or P<0.01];SCr in the treatment group was not statistically significant compared to the normal group(μmol/L:19.83±2.16 vs.14.90±1.61,P>0.05).Under the light microscope,the renal tubular epithelial cells at the junction of cortex and dermatomedulla in the kidneys of the model group were obviously vacuolated,accompanied by cell detachment and necrosis,and the tubules were dilated,with no obvious lesions in the glomeruli.The degree of damage in the control group and the treatment group was reduced compared with that in the model group.The degree of renal tubular damage in the model group was higher than that in the normal group;while the degree of renal tubular damage in the control group was significantly lower than that in the model group;and the degree of renal tubular damage in the treatment group was lower than that in the model group.There was no statistically significant difference in the degree of renal tubular damage between the treatment group and the control group.Conclusion Xuebijing injection may exert a protective effect on renal function in rats with CI-AKI by attenuating renal tubular injury.

Objective:To investigate the status of evidence-based nursing competence among clinical nurses in tertiary grade A hospitals of Anhui province, and analyze the influencing factors based on random forest model, so as to provide reference for improving the evidence-based nursing ability of clinical nurses and formulating intervention strategies.Methods:The convenience sampling method was used to select 543 clinical nurses from 4 tertiary grade A hospitals in Anhui Province from October to December 2022. The general data questionnaire, Evidence-based Nursing Competence Scale, Information Literacy Scale, and Nurse Innovation Ability Scale were used to investigate. The random forest model was used to evaluate the importance of the influencing factors. The Lasso regression analysis was used to complete the screening of the influencing factors. The influencing factors of the evidence-based nursing competence among clinical nurses were explored by multiple linear regression analysis.Results:A total of 543 valid questionnaires were retrieved. Among 543 clinical nurses, 55 males and 388 females, aged (32.34 ± 6.93) years old. Evidence-based nursing competence scored (45.49 ± 21.18) points, information literacy scored (73.50 ± 10.47) points, innovation ability scored (126.78 ± 21.99) points. The random forest model and Lasso regression analysis showed that the model achieved the best fit with 8 variables. In order of importance, the top 8 variables were information literacy (25.78%), innovation ability (22.37%), night shift per month (9.91%), educational background (9.19%), English proficiency (8.44%), professional title (6.71%), scientific research and innovation experience (5.17%), and professional attitude (4.50%). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that information literacy, innovation ability, and English proficiency were the influencing factors of evidence-based nursing competence among clinical nurses ( t=9.17, 7.31, 2.52, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The level of evidence-based nursing ability among clinical nurses in tertiary grade A hospitals of Anhui province needs to be improved. From the perspective of improving the information literacy among clinical nurses, nursing managers can increase the training of information retrieval ability and English ability, enhance their English literature reading skills, pay attention to the cultivation of nurses' innovation ability, stimulate the innovative consciousness and thinking among clinical nurses, formulate and implement targeted interventions, so as to gradually improve the level of evidence-based nursing ability among clinical nurses.

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of endothelin-1(ET-1)on atrial fibrosis in Atrial fibrillation(AF)rats.Methods Fourteen adult male SD rats were randomly divided into normal control(NC)group and Atrial fibrillation(AF)group.The rat model of Atrial fibrillation was established by injecting 0.1 ml/100g CaCl2-Ach mixture into the tail vein once a day for one week.The control group was injected with the same dose of normal saline.An electrocardiogram of normal or atrial fibrillation was recorded on the first day and the eighth day in each group,and echocardiography was used to monitor atrial size and cardiac function.The fibrosis of atrial was observed using Masson and HE staining.The expression of endothelin-1(ET-1),collagen-I(Col-I),transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)and the store operated calcium channel(SOCC)protein Orai1,stromal in-teraction molecule 1(STIM1)in atrial tissue were detected by Western blot.HL-1 cells were cultured and treated with gradient concentration of ET-1 for 24 hours.Western blot was used to observe changes in the expression of TGF-β,Orai1 and STIM1 proteins in ET-1/SOCC/TGF-β signaling pathway of HL-1 cells.Small interfering RNA(siRNA)transfection method was used to knock down the expression of Orai1 in HL-1 cells,then the cells were treated with appropriate concentrations of ET-1 for 24 hours,and the expression of TGF-β protein in HL-1 cells was detected by Western blot.Results Compared with the control group,echocardiography showed a significant in-crease in left atrial diameter(LAD)of the heart in atrial fibrillation rats(P<0.05).The HE and Masson staining results showed significant fibrosis in the myocardial tissue of AF group rats(P<0.05),and the Western blot re-sults indicated the expression of ET-1,Orai1,STIM1,TGF-β and COL-Ⅰ in the myocardial tissue of AF group significantly increased compared to the NC group(P<0.05).After ET-1 treatment of HL-1 cells,the protein ex-pression of Orai1,STIM1and TGF-β increased(P<0.05),while knocking down Orai1 in HL-1 cells,ET-1 treat-ment no longer caused the expression of TGF-β a significant upregulation.Conclusion AF caused by atrial fibril-lation results in a significant increase in ET-1 expression in atrial tissue,and ET-1/SOCC/TGF-β signal pathway promotes atrial fibrillation and fibrosis.

The prevalence and recurrence rate of depressive disorder are high, while the recognition and cure rate are low. Early intervention can improve the quality of life of patients with depression. In clinical practice, it has been found that psychological treatments can effectively improve the symptoms and prognosis of depression.Cognitive behavior therapy(CBT) has been widely used in the treatment of depression, however, its mechanisms are still unclear. In this paper, the neuroimaging studies of patients with depression before and after CBT were summarized, and the structural or functional changes of different brain regions in patients with depression before and after CBT were described. The findings suggest that CBT improved depressive symptoms by increasing gray matter volume, activation level, and functional connectivity strength in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, reducing activation levels in the amygdala and parahippocampal gyrus, and restoring abnormal brain network activity or functional connectivity. Larger gray matter volume in anterior cingulate gyrus and higher activation levels in hippocampus and amygdala before treatment can effectively predict the effect of CBT in depressed patients. In the future, machine learning could be combined with brain imaging data to more accurately predict the effectiveness of CBT in treating depression.