Objective: To analyze the associations of physical activity with overweight/obesity, depressive symptoms, and their co-occurrence among junior and senior high school students, so as to provide reference for optimizing physical activity intervention strategies and promoting healthy lifestyles. Methods: From March to November 2023, a cross sectional survey was conducted among 90 457 junior and senior high school students aged 11-18 years in Zhejiang Province using a stratified cluster random sampling method. Data on physical activity and dietary behavior were collected through questionnaires, height and weight were measured. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). The Chi-square test was used to examine differences, and Logistic regression was applied to evaluate the associations of physical activity characteristics with overweight/obesity, depressive symptoms, and their co-occurrence. Additionally, the effectiveness of physical activity performed on rest days versus work days was examined. Results: The prevalence of overweight/obesity, depressive symptoms, and their co-occurrence among junior and senior high school students were 25.1%, 27.9%, and 6.7%, respectively, with significant sex differences ( χ 2=2 005.3, 587.7, 99.6, all P <0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that students with insufficient physical activity had a higher risk of overweight/obesity compared with those with sufficient physical activity ( OR=1.12, 95%CI=1.06-1.17, P <0.01). Comparing to students who exercised 0-1 day per week, those who exercised 5-7 days per week were associated with a reduced risk of overweight/obesity and depressive symptoms ( OR=0.93, 95%CI =0.90-0.97; OR=0.95, 95%CI =0.91-0.99, both P <0.05). When total activity volume and frequency were held constant, students with sufficient rest day physical activity had lower risks of overweight/obesity, depressive symptoms, and their co-occurrence than those with insufficient rest day activity (all P < 0.01). Conclusions Sufficient amount of physical activity and higher frequency of rest day physical activity are significantly associated with lower risks of overweight/obesity, depressive symptoms, and their co-occurrence in adolescents. Physical activity performed on rest days may confer greater health benefits than activity performed on work days.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the mechanism of Bushen huoxue formula in improving pregnancy outcomes in mice with antiphospholipid antibody-related recurrent spontaneous abortion （aPL-RSA）. METHODS SPF female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into normal control group， adjuvant control group， model group， and Bushen huoxue formula group. The aPL-RSA mouse model was established by immunization with β 2 glycoproteinⅠcombined with Freund’s adjuvant. From gestational day 0， the Bushen huoxue formula group was administered 1.653 6 g/（kg·d） of the prescription by gavage， while the other three groups received an equal volume of normal saline， twice daily for 15 consecutive days. The uterine appearance of pregnant mice was observed； individual embryo weight was recorded， and the embryo resorption rate was calculated. The proportion of activated CD41 + CD62p + platelets in platelet-rich plasma （PRP） was detected. Serum levels of thromboxane B2 （TXB2） and platelet factor 4 （PF4） were measured. Morphological changes of placental tissue were observed. The cell apoptosis rate of placental tissue was detected. The levels of malondialdehyde （MDA） content， tot al superoxide dismutase （T-SOD） activity， the interleukin-1β （IL-1β） and IL-18， the protein expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-3 （MMP-3）， MMP-9， nuclear proliferation antigen-67 （Ki67）， superoxide dismutase 2 （SOD2）， Nod-like receptor protein 3 （NLRP3）， apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD （ASC）， and caspase-1， as well as the mRNA expressions of superoxide dismutase 2（SOD2）， NLRP3， ASC and caspase-1 of placental tissue were detected. RESULTS Compared with the normal control group and adjuvant control group， the model group showed significant decreases in individual embryo weight， T-SOD activity of placental tissue， and relative expression levels of SOD2 mRNA and protein （ P ＜0.05）； while significant increases were observed in embryo resorption rate， proportion of activated CD41 + CD62p + platelets in PRP， serum levels of TXB2 and PF4， placental cell apoptosis rate， MDA content in placental tissue， relative protein expressions of MMP-3， MMP-9 and Ki67， relative protein and mRNA expression levels of NLRP3， ASC and caspase-1 as well as IL-1β and IL-18 levels （ P ＜0.05）. The model group also exhibited irregular uterine morphology with localized atrophy in some uterine horns； placental tissue showed fragmentation of decidual cells， extensive vacuolization and necrosis of trophoblast cells in the labyrinthine zone， accompanied by vascular reduction. After intervention with Bushen huoxue formula， the above indicators were significantly reversed （ P ＜0.05）， and uterine morphology and pathological damage were markedly improved. CONCLUSIONS Bushen huoxue formula can effectively improve pregnancy outcomes in aPL-RSA model mice， and its mechanism may be closely related to inhibiting platelet activation， reducing oxidative stress injury， enhancing trophoblast cell function， and suppressing the inflammatory response mediated by the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway.

ObjectiveTo investigate the dynamic trajectories of prognostic scores and key clinical indicators in hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure （HBV-ACLF） patients without liver cirrhosis， to clarify their association with outcomes， and to provide new evidence for individualized prognostic assessment. MethodsA prospective study was conducted for the data of 154 non-cirrhotic HBV-ACLF patients who attended Beijing YouAn Hospital of Capital Medical University from January 2016 to December 2023， including prognostic scores and key biochemical indicators on Days 3， 7， 14， 21， and 28 of the disease course. According to the outcome of patients at 1 year， they were divided into death/liver transplantation group with 43 patients， liver cirrhosis group with 23 patients， and non-liver cirrhosis group with 88 patients， and the trajectory heterogeneity of different outcome subgroups was analyzed. A one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data among the three groups； the Kruskal-Wallis H test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data among the three groups； the Wilcoxon test was used between two groups. the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups. The mean and its 95% confidence interval （CI） were calculated for each indicator at difference time points； the linear interpolation method was used to connect the means at adjacent time points and construct the group-specific longitudinal trend curve； the 95%CI was visualized using the semi-transparent ribbon area， with the transparency parameter （α=0.2） optimized to enhance the visual discrimination of overlapping intervals across multiple groups. A linear mixed-effects model was used to compare the longitudinal changing trend of each indicator between the patients with different outcomes； likelihood ratio was used to evaluate the significance of the interaction effect between time and group， and in case of the significant interaction effect， the slope based on the estimated marginal mean was used for comparison between two groups. ResultsThere were significant differences between the three groups in the incidence rates of ascites and grade Ⅲ — Ⅳ hepatic encephalopathy， MELD score， MELD-Na score， CLIF-C ACLF score， COSSH-ACLF Ⅱ score， total bilirubin （TBil）， international normalized ratio （INR）， alpha-fetoprotein， blood sodium， alanine aminotransferase， and procalcitonin at the baseline（all P0.05）. The analysis of dynamic trajectories showed that the death/liver transplantation group had high levels of prognostic scores and the biochemical parameters of TBil and INR （TBil400 μmol/L， INR2.5）， as well as a low level of platelet count （PLT） （100×10⁹/L）. The non-liver cirrhosis group had rapid improvements in indicators， with TBil200 μmol/L， INR1.5， and PLT100×10⁹/L by day 28， while the liver cirrhosis group showed a trend of recovery， with TBil200 μmol/L， INR2.0， and PLT 100×10⁹/L on day 28， with significant global heterogeneity in the temporal trends of the above indicators across the three groups （all P0.01）. ConclusionDynamic monitoring of prognostic scores and key clinical indicators can effectively stratify the 1-year outcomes of non-cirrhotic patients with HBV-ACLF. Patients with poor prognosis were typically characterized by INR 2.5 and TBil 400 μmol/L. Among those who survived beyond 1 year， individuals who subsequently progressed to cirrhosis were frequently identified by the presence of INR 1.5， TBil 200 μmol/L， and PLT 100×10⁹/L at day 28.

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to evaluate the differences in shear bond strength, marginal adaptation, and nano-microleakage after aging among snowplow, layered filling, and lining techniques applied to the resin-bonded restoration of defective primary teeth. METHODS: In this study, 51 freshly extracted, crown-intact primary anterior teeth and 30 primary molars were collected. The experimental groups were as follows: layered filling group, lining group, and snowplow group. Experiments were performed to compare the differences in shear bond strength, marginal integrity, and silver ion nano-microleakage after aging among these groups. RESULTS: The median shear bond strength of the layered filling group, lining group, and snowplow group were 2.45, 5.72, and 9.43 MPa, respectively. The values for lining group and snowplow group were significantly higher than that for layered filling group (P<0.05). No statistically significant difference was found between lining group and snowplow group (P>0.05). The median overall margin integrity of the layered filling group, lining group, and snowplow group were 55.38%, 48.25%, and 65.63%, respectively. The difference among the three groups was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The median percentages of silver ion nano-microleakage in the layered filling group, lining group, and snowplow group were 11.71%, 9.47%, and 11.55%, respectively. The difference among the three groups was not statistically significant (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Applying the snowplow technique to restore defective primary teeth can improve the bond strength and margin integrity and reduce nano-microleakage.
Tooth, Deciduous ; Humans ; Dental Restoration, Permanent/methods* ; Dental Leakage ; Shear Strength ; Dental Bonding/methods* ; Molar ; Composite Resins ; Silver

Selection markers are essential tools in gene editing, the utility of such systems is inherently constrained by species-specific limitations, governed by divergent host genetic backgrounds and metabolic compatibility. To address this limitation, we leveraged the CRISPR/Cas9 system to develop a universal counter-selection tool. We designed and introduced an sgRNA expression cassettes as counter-selection markers, which directs the Cas9 protein to target and cleave genomic DNA, allowing for the selection of the strains where the sgRNA expression cassette has been replaced. Optimized to target multiple copy sites with sgRNA, this system significantly enhances cell lethality, boosting counter-selection efficiency to over 85.00%. This counter-selection tool is not limited to single strains and is suitable for various scenarios, including multi-copy plasmid assembly and plasmid editing, demonstrating broad application potential.
CRISPR-Cas Systems/genetics* ; Gene Editing/methods* ; RNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas Systems/genetics* ; Plasmids/genetics*

L-phosphinothricin (L-PPT) is an efficient broad-spectrum herbicide. To realize the multi-enzyme catalytic preparation of L-PPT, we constructed an engineered strain Escherichia coli YM-1 for efficient expression of D-amino acid transaminase, which could catalyze the generation of the intermediate 2-oxo-4-[(hydroxymethylphosphonyl)] butyric acid (PPO) from D-phosphinothricin (D-PPT). In addition, E. coli pLS was constructed to co-express glutamate dehydrogenase and glucose dehydrogenase, which not only catalyzed the generation of L-PPT from PPO but also regenerated the coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH). A fed-batch fermentation process was then established for E. coli YM-1 and pLS, and the apparent activities of D-amino acid transaminase and glutamate dehydrogenase were increased by 22.68% and 100.82%, respectively, compared with those in shake flasks. The process parameters were optimized for the catalytic preparation of L-PPT by whole-cell cascade of E. coli YM-1 and pLS with D, L-PPT as the substrate. After reaction for 8 h, 91.36% conversion of D-PPT was achieved, and the enantiomeric excess of L-PPT reached 90.22%. The findings underpin the industrial production of L-PPT.
Escherichia coli/enzymology* ; Aminobutyrates/metabolism* ; Glutamate Dehydrogenase/biosynthesis* ; Glucose 1-Dehydrogenase/biosynthesis* ; Herbicides/metabolism* ; Multienzyme Complexes/metabolism* ; Transaminases/metabolism* ; Phosphinic Acids/metabolism*

Objective To investigate the correlation between self-injurious and suicidal behavior in adolescents with depressive disorder and their non-enzymatic antioxidants and thyroid hormones.Methods A total of 93 adolescent patients with depressive disorder who were hospitalized at the Qingdao Mental Health Center from August 2023 to May 2024 were selected as the research subjects.The patients were divided into three groups:depression group(n=33),self-injurious behavior group(n=30)and a suicidal behavior.Plasma levels of non-enzymatic antioxidants and thyroid hormones were measured at admission and after 8 weeks of treatment,and their clinical symptoms were assessed by the Hamilton depression scale(HAMD)and the Hamilton anxiety scale(HAMA).Differences in plasma non-enzymatic antioxidants and thyroid function levels and scale scores were compared among three groups.Results Compared with depression group,baseline UA levels were lower in self-injurious and suicidal behavior groups.After 8 weeks of treatment,FT3 levels were higher in self-injurious group than in the suicidal behavior group,and both HAMD and HAMA scores decreased in all patients.After correction,HAMA scores were higher in suicidal behavior group than in depression group(P=0.047).Compared to baseline levels,TSH levels increased,and HAMD and HAMA scores decreased in all groups after treatment(P＜0.001).In suicidal behavior group,TBIL and FT3 levels decreased,and UA levels increased after treatment,while in depression group,FT4 levels decreased after treatment.Conclusion Non-enzymatic antioxidants may serve as potential biological markers for adolescents with depressive disorder who exhibit self-injurious and suicidal behavior.

Objective Through visual analysis of literatures related to the treatment of chronic glomerulonephritis(CGN),the research hotspots and trends in this field were discussed.Methods Relevant literatures from CNKI,Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform,VIP,SinoMed,PubMed from 2010 to 2024 were retrieved,and analyzed using CiteSpace 6.2.R4 software.Results A total of 8887 articles in Chinese and 117 articles in English were included.The countries,institutions and authors who published most were China,the Affiliated Hospital for Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Wang Yiping.The research hotspots mainly focued on therapeutic drugs and clinical efficacy,and the research trend tended to be the treatment mechanism.Conclusion To further strengthen collaboration among different countries,institutions and authors,and to delve deeper into the mechanistic studies of CGN,will effectively promote the research progress in this field.

Objective:To assess the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of interleukin-23 receptor ( IL-23R) gene with susceptibility to psoriasis. Methods:Two hundred and ten psoriasis patients admitted to Xinxiang Central Hospital from January 2019 to December 2024 were selected as the study group, and 210 healthy individuals undergoing physical examination during the same period were selected as the control group. 3 mL of peripheral venous blood sample was collected from each individual from the two groups, and PCR - Restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay was used to determine the polymorphisms of the IL-23R gene at rs2201841, rs1004819, rs10889677, rs1343151 and rs1495965 loci. Genotypic and allelic distribution of each SNP locus was calculated to assess the association between SNPs of the IL-23R gene with the onset of psoriasis, and the difference in serum IL-23 levels among patients with different genotypes at each locus was compared. This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Xinxiang Central Hospital (Ethic No. 2024-749). Results:The results showed that the frequency of CC genotype at rs1004819 locus of the study group was significantly higher than that of the control group (26.19% vs. 18.10%, P<0.05), and the frequency of C allele was also significantly higher than that of the control group (54.05% vs. 42.62%, P<0.05). There was no significant difference in allelic and genotypic frequencies between the two groups at rs2201841, rs10889677, rs1343151, and rs1495965 loci ( P>0.05). The dominant and recessive inheritance patterns at the rs1004819 locus are associated with susceptibility to psoriasis ( P<0.05), while the different inheritance patterns at rs2201841, rs10889677, rs1343151, and rs1495965 loci are not associated with psoriasis ( P>0.05). The serum IL-23 levels of patients with CC genotype at the rs1004819 locus were higher than those with CT and TT genotypes ( P<0.05). No significant difference was detected in the serum levels of IL-23 between patients with different genotypes for the rs2201841, rs10889677, rs1343151, and rs1495965 loci ( P>0.05). Conclusion:The polymorphism at the rs1004819 locus of the IL-23R gene is associated with susceptibility to psoriasis, and individuals carrying the CC genotype and C allele have a higher risk of developing the disease.