Objective:To explore the lifestyle pattern of the physical examination population and analyze its association with metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD).Methods:This was a cross-sectional study. Based on the data of 196 515 physical examination individuals from the Health Management Center of the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from January 2016 to December 2020, the subjects were grouped and characterized by principal component analysis and cluster analysis. Among them, 137 277 cases with MAFLD diagnosis information were included in the association analysis between lifestyle pattern and MAFLD. The differences in lifestyle pattern choice among different age, sex, education level, marital status, occupational category and medical insurance type and their differences with the risk of MAFLD were analyzed. The generalized linear mixed model was used to control confounding factors and then association analysis was conducted.Results:There were 6 types of lifestyle patterns in the physical examination population, which were respectively: indulgent type-both physical and mental damage, remedial type-excessive diet, giving type-unique intensity, comfortable type-natural health, heavy smoking type-sedentary injury, heavy drinking type-attempting to make up, accounting for 7.29%, 9.62%, 7.43%, 52.16%, 9.77%, 13.73% in the population. Among them, the male lifestyle pattern was mainly the indulgent type, the remedial type, the heavy smoking type and the heavy drinking type, showing the characteristics of unhealthy lifestyle pattern; Women tended to have healthier lifestyle patterns. After association analysis with MAFLD, it was found that the prevalence of MAFLD was more than 50% in the people who belonged to the indulgent type, remedial type, the heavy smoking type and the heavy drinking type (53.62%, 57.06%, 51.25% and 50.50%, respectively), and the prevalence of MAFLD in the giving type group was 40.17%. The risk of MAFLD in comfortable group was relatively low (28.25%), and the difference in risk of MAFLD among all modes was statistically significant after controlling for confounding factors ( P<0.001). Conclusion:According to cluster mining, there are 6 types of lifestyle patterns in the physical examination population, and the healthier lifestyle pattern has a lower risk of MAFLD.

Objective:To retrieve, evaluate, and summarize the best evidence on ultrasound-guided placement and tip confirmation of peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) in neonates.Methods:Based on the "6S" evidence pyramid model, literature on ultrasound-guided placement and tip confirmation of PICC in neonates was sequentially searched on guideline websites, professional society websites, and journal databases. The search period was from database establishment to September 30, 2024. Two researchers used uniform criteria for independent quality assessment and evidence extraction from the literature, and the extracted evidence was integrated and summarized.Results:A total of ten articles were included, including five guidelines, one clinical decision, two expert consensus, one Meta-analysis, and one evidence summary. Thirty pieces of evidence were developed in six aspects: personnel qualification and training, catheter selection, assessment of placement veins, ultrasound-guided PICC puncture in neonates, PICC tip confirmation in neonates, and prevention and management of malposition.Conclusions:This study summarizes the best evidence for ultrasound-guided placement and tip confirmation of PICC in neonates. It is recommended that evidence be selected and applied to develop a standardized process for neonatal PICC placement in conjunction with the resource environment of the department and the skill level of the healthcare professionals to improve the quality of nursing and to ensure the safe and effective use of the PICC in clinical practice.

Objective:To retrieve, evaluate, and summarize the best evidence on ultrasound-guided placement and tip confirmation of peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) in neonates.Methods:Based on the "6S" evidence pyramid model, literature on ultrasound-guided placement and tip confirmation of PICC in neonates was sequentially searched on guideline websites, professional society websites, and journal databases. The search period was from database establishment to September 30, 2024. Two researchers used uniform criteria for independent quality assessment and evidence extraction from the literature, and the extracted evidence was integrated and summarized.Results:A total of ten articles were included, including five guidelines, one clinical decision, two expert consensus, one Meta-analysis, and one evidence summary. Thirty pieces of evidence were developed in six aspects: personnel qualification and training, catheter selection, assessment of placement veins, ultrasound-guided PICC puncture in neonates, PICC tip confirmation in neonates, and prevention and management of malposition.Conclusions:This study summarizes the best evidence for ultrasound-guided placement and tip confirmation of PICC in neonates. It is recommended that evidence be selected and applied to develop a standardized process for neonatal PICC placement in conjunction with the resource environment of the department and the skill level of the healthcare professionals to improve the quality of nursing and to ensure the safe and effective use of the PICC in clinical practice.

Objective:To explore the lifestyle pattern of the physical examination population and analyze its association with metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD).Methods:This was a cross-sectional study. Based on the data of 196 515 physical examination individuals from the Health Management Center of the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from January 2016 to December 2020, the subjects were grouped and characterized by principal component analysis and cluster analysis. Among them, 137 277 cases with MAFLD diagnosis information were included in the association analysis between lifestyle pattern and MAFLD. The differences in lifestyle pattern choice among different age, sex, education level, marital status, occupational category and medical insurance type and their differences with the risk of MAFLD were analyzed. The generalized linear mixed model was used to control confounding factors and then association analysis was conducted.Results:There were 6 types of lifestyle patterns in the physical examination population, which were respectively: indulgent type-both physical and mental damage, remedial type-excessive diet, giving type-unique intensity, comfortable type-natural health, heavy smoking type-sedentary injury, heavy drinking type-attempting to make up, accounting for 7.29%, 9.62%, 7.43%, 52.16%, 9.77%, 13.73% in the population. Among them, the male lifestyle pattern was mainly the indulgent type, the remedial type, the heavy smoking type and the heavy drinking type, showing the characteristics of unhealthy lifestyle pattern; Women tended to have healthier lifestyle patterns. After association analysis with MAFLD, it was found that the prevalence of MAFLD was more than 50% in the people who belonged to the indulgent type, remedial type, the heavy smoking type and the heavy drinking type (53.62%, 57.06%, 51.25% and 50.50%, respectively), and the prevalence of MAFLD in the giving type group was 40.17%. The risk of MAFLD in comfortable group was relatively low (28.25%), and the difference in risk of MAFLD among all modes was statistically significant after controlling for confounding factors ( P<0.001). Conclusion:According to cluster mining, there are 6 types of lifestyle patterns in the physical examination population, and the healthier lifestyle pattern has a lower risk of MAFLD.