The neonatal mammalian heart has a remarkable regenerative capacity, while the adult heart has difficulty to regenerate. A metabolic reprogramming from glycolysis to fatty acid oxidation occurs along with the loss of cardiomyocyte proliferative capacity shortly after birth. In this study, we sought to determine if and how metabolic reprogramming regulates cardiomyocyte proliferation. Reversing metabolic reprogramming by carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1) inhibition, using cardiac-specific Cpt1a and Cpt1b knockout mice promoted cardiomyocyte proliferation and improved cardiac function post-myocardial infarction. The inhibition of CPT1 is of pharmacological significance because those protective effects were replicated by etomoxir, a CPT1 inhibitor. CPT1 inhibition, by decreasing poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 expression, reduced ADP-ribosylation of dual-specificity phosphatase 1 in cardiomyocytes, leading to decreased p38 MAPK phosphorylation, and stimulation of cardiomyocyte proliferation. Our present study indicates that reversing metabolic reprogramming is an effective strategy to stimulate adult cardiomyocyte proliferation. CPT1 is a potential therapeutic target for promoting heart regeneration and myocardial infarction treatment.

Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is a major polyphenol component in green tea. EGCG has high free radical scavenging activity, radiation protection efficiency, and metal-chelating capacity due to its unique structure with hydroxyl groups. EGCG and its derivatives have been reported in various fields. This paper reviews the effects of EGCG, including radiation protection, heavy metal ion adsorption, and promotion of heavy metal ion excretion. EGCG has the potential to be used as an ideal radiation protection agent, heavy metal adsorbent, and even excretion promoting agent.

Nuclear energy is widely used in various fields such as military, medicine, scientific research, industry and agriculture.Nuclear accident may lead to radiation damage to the bodyofpractitioners. At present, the treatment of severe bone marrow radiation sickness is still not ideal.Exosomes are small vesicles with a size of 30-130 nm secreted by living cells and carry a variety of active substances including protein, RNA, DNA, which isimportant medium of intercellular communication.The contents of exosomes can be used not only as biomarkers of radiation damage, but also for the treatment of radiation damage. This article reviewsthe research progress of the application of exosomes in radiological medicine and underlying mechanisms.

With the rapid development of nuclear technology in the fields of industry and medicine, the possibility of people suffering from radiation damage has also increased. Radiation injury prevention and treatment drugs are the most effective and direct means for the treatment and protection of radiation injury, but the current radiation injury prevention and treatment drugs have limited effects. Due to the unique valence structure of cerium nanomaterials, it has a variety of enzymatic simulation activities and reproducibility. It shows superior oxidation resistance, powerful free radical scavenging function, and can protect cells from radiation damage. It can be used as an ideal it is a radioprotective agent, and is used in a variety of biological fields. A review of relevant literature shows that the antioxidant properties, high SOD mimicking activity, free radical scavenging ability and radiation resistance of ceria nanoparticles are derived from the mutual conversion of Ce³⁺/Ce⁴⁺ and the formation of oxygen vacancies. This article mainly introduces the basis of anti-radiation activity of ceria nanoparticles, radiation protection effects and the research progress of radiotherapy sensitization, and provides theoretical basis and reference for ceria nanoparticles in the field of radiation direction.