Objective: To evaluate the implementation process of a school-family collaborative "online+offline" tobacco control intervention program in junior high school in Beijing and to explore the execution status, influencing factors and sustainability potential of the intervention, so as to provide evidence for optimizing youth tobacco control strategies. Methods: In November 2024, using the random number table method, four first year junior high school classes were selected from three schools each in Fengtai District, Tongzhou District, and Fangshan District of Beijing. One class served as the control group, while the other three classes were designated as intervention groups (one each for online intervention, offline intervention, and combined online offline intervention). The control group received only conventional education.The online intervention group was engaged in WeChat push interventions, including watching micro videos, viewing promotional materials, participating in online quizzes and mini games; the offline intervention group attended knowledge lectures, played peer games, and participated in offline knowledge competitions; the combined online offline intervention group integrated all the aforementioned online and offline intervention measures. The intervention period was from November 2024 to June 2025, spanning a total of 7 months. Based on the Practical, Robust Implementation and Sustainability Model(PRISM) framework, a qualitative research design was employed to conduct semi structured interviews with 48 participants (12 in each of the intervention groups and 12 organizational staff members) from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 3 districts and 3 sampled schools. The interview outlines were designed according to the intervention plan. Data was managed using Nvivo 12.0 software and analyzed following Colaizzi s seven step phenomenological analysis method. Theoretical saturation was assessed using a reserved subset of transcripts. Results: Four core themes were identified in the tobacco control intervention process. Overall fidelity of intervention implementation was largely consistent with the original plan, and students showed strong willingness and positive evaluations toward interactive formats such as knowledge contests and peer games, though occasional breakdowns in school-family communication and blurred boundaries between online and offline components were observed; the participants showed a polarized response in terms of satisfaction and participation, most students and parents recognized the significance of the activity, and some parents observed a reduction in smoking behavior; the implementation of internal tobacco control policies in the school was strict, and the atmosphere was favorable, but there was still room for improvement, such as the scarcity of community tobacco control activities and the difficulty in implementing smoke free units; implementation and sustainability infrastructure were preliminarily established, such as through homeroom teacher supervision and training student assistants to assisted in activities, while the sustainability support system required further refinement. Conclusion The school-family collaborative "online+offline" tobacco control intervention has demonstrated significant positive effects, but further optimization of activity design, enhancement of community reward mechanisms, and standardized training are required to improve the efficacy and sustainability of the intervention.

Objective: To explore the relationship between snack consumption and depressive symptoms in first year junior high school students with different left behind experiences in Yunnan Province, so as to provide a basis for improving depressive symptoms among first year junior high school students with different left behind experiences. Methods: From October to December 2022,a cluster random sampling method was used to select 8 500 first year junior high school students from 11 ethnic minority areas (Fugong County, Longling County, Longyang District, Luchun County, Mojiang County, Nanjian County, Qiaojia County, Shuangjiang County, Tengchong City, Yuanmou County, Zhenyuan County) in Yunnan Province for a questionnaire survey. The Chinese version of Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 was applied to assess depressive symptoms in first year junior high school students, and snack consumption was collected by employing food frequency questionnaire. The generalized linear model was used to analyze the association between first year junior high school students snack consumption and depressive symptoms, and the analysis was stratified according to left behind experience. Results: The detection rates of depressive symptoms among firstyear junior high school students with and without left behind experience were 36.25% and 26.91%, respectively. After controlling for confounding variables, the generalized linear model analysis showed that sweet snacks ( β=0.16, 95%CI =0.07-0.25), fast food ( β=0.14, 95%CI =0.04-0.23) and carbonated drinks ( β=0.09, 95%CI =0.01-0.17) of first year junior high school students with left behind experience (all P <0.05). Compared with those without such behavior, the risk of depressive symptoms was higher in consumption of fast food ( β=0.13, 95%CI =0.07-0.18) and carbonated drinks ( β=0.10, 95%CI =0.06-0.15)among first year junior high school students without left behind experience (both P <0.05). Conclusion Snack consumption among first year junior high school students in Yunnan may increase the risk of developing depressive symptoms, while first year junior high school students with left behind experience may have a greater risk of developing depressive symptoms.

Periodontal bone defects, primarily caused by periodontitis, are highly prevalent in clinical settings and manifest as bone fenestration, dehiscence, or attachment loss, presenting a significant challenge to oral health. In regenerative medicine, harnessing developmental principles for tissue repair offers promising therapeutic potential. Of particular interest is the condensation of progenitor cells, an essential event in organogenesis that has inspired clinically effective cell aggregation approaches in dental regeneration. However, the precise cellular coordination mechanisms during condensation and regeneration remain elusive. Here, taking the tooth as a model organ, we employed single-cell RNA sequencing to dissect the cellular composition and heterogeneity of human dental follicle and dental papilla, revealing a distinct Platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA) mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC) population with remarkable odontogenic potential. Interestingly, a reciprocal paracrine interaction between PDGFRA⁺ dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs) and CD31⁺ Endomucin⁺ endothelial cells (ECs) was mediated by Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) and Platelet-derived growth factor subunit BB (PDGFBB). This crosstalk not only maintains the functionality of PDGFRA⁺ DFSCs but also drives specialized angiogenesis. In vivo periodontal bone regeneration experiments further reveal that communication between PDGFRA⁺ DFSC aggregates and recipient ECs is essential for effective angiogenic-osteogenic coupling and rapid tissue repair. Collectively, our results unravel the importance of MSC-EC crosstalk mediated by the VEGFA and PDGFBB-PDGFRA reciprocal signaling in orchestrating angiogenesis and osteogenesis. These findings not only establish a framework for deciphering and promoting periodontal bone regeneration in potential clinical applications but also offer insights for future therapeutic strategies in dental or broader regenerative medicine.
Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha/metabolism* ; Humans ; Neovascularization, Physiologic/physiology* ; Dental Sac/cytology* ; Single-Cell Analysis ; Transcriptome ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells/metabolism* ; Bone Regeneration ; Animals ; Dental Papilla/cytology* ; Periodontium/physiology* ; Stem Cells/metabolism* ; Regeneration ; Angiogenesis

Objective To analyze the correlation between right atrial strain at various stages and various influencing factors in patients with pulmonary hypertension,and to explore the role of right atrial strain in the assessment of pulmonary hypertension.Methods A total of 239 cases diagnosed with pulmonary hypertension who underwent echocardiography and complete right heart catheterization at hospital from October 2021 to December 2023 were included.Conventional ultrasound parameters such as right heart strain,right atrial area(RA area),inferior vena cava diameter(IVC diameter),and collapse rate of the inferior vena cava(IVC diameter changes)were measured.The heart rate(HR)corresponding to the ultrasound images were recorded.General information such as age and gender,as well as catheter data including mean right atrial pressure(mRAP),mean pulmonary artery pressure(mPAP),and pulmonary vascular resistance(PVR),were collected.The relationship between right atrial strain and its influencing factors was analyzed,and further analysis was conducted by dividing into shunt group and non-shunt group based on the presence or absence of left-to-right shunt disease.Results The correlation with RA reservoir strain(RASr)from high to low is RV global strain(RV4CSL),RV free wall strain(RVFWSL),RA area,IVC diameter,mRAP,age,HR,and PVR;the correlation with RAconduit strain(RAScd)from high to low is RV4CSL,RVFWSL,RA area,IVC diameter,mRAP,age,PVR,and HR;the correlation with RA contraction strain(RASct)from high to low is RA area,RV4CSL,RVFWSL,mRAP,IVC diameter,and HR.The collapse rate of the inferior vena cava is correlated with strain at various stages of the right atrium;gender is correlated with RASr and RASct.Conclusions Right atrial strain can reflect changes in right atrial function,with the highest correlation to right ventricular strain and right atrial area.Right atrial strain can indicate the severity of right ventricular function and right atrial remodeling,serving as an evaluative index for the condition and treatment outcomes of pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Postoperative infection of internal fixation of closed fractures the lower limbs in adults represents a devastating complication, characterized by diagnostic challenges, prolonged treatment duration and high disability rates. Current management of these infections faces multiple challenges, such as difficulties in early accurate diagnosis, and various controversies about the treatment plan, leading to poor overall diagnosis and treatment results. To address these issues, based on evidence-based medicine and principles with emphasis on scientific rigor, clinical applicability and innovation, the Trauma Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, Orthopedic Branch of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association, Orthopedics Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, and Trauma Orthopedics and Polytrauma Group of the Resuscitation and Emergency Committee of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association have collaboratively organized a panel of relevant experts to develop the Guideline for diagnosis and treatment of infection after internal fixation of closed lower limb fractures in adults ( version 2025). The guideline proposed 10 recommendations, aiming to provide a foundation for standardized diagnosis and treatment of postoperative infection in adults with closed lower limb fractures.

Nonunion of osteoporotic vertebral fractures (OVF), predominantly affecting the elderly, can lead to intractable pain, vertebral collapse, progressive kyphotic deformity, and neurological impairment, significantly compromising patients′ quality of life. There exists considerable debate on diagnosis and management of OVF, encompassing key issues such as clinical diagnosis and staging criteria for nonunion, surgical indications and procedure selection, and postoperative rehabilitation planning. Currently, there lacks standardized clinical guideline and expert consensus on the diagnosis and management of OVF nonunion in China. To address this gap, Minimally Invasive Surgery Group of Chinese Orthopedic Association, Osteoporosis Committee of Chinese Association of Orthopedic Surgeons, Prevention and Rehabilitation Committee for Osteoporosis of Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine and Minimally Invasive Orthopedic Surgery Branch of China Association for Geriatric Care jointly organized domestic experts in spinal surgery, endocrinology, and rehabilitation to formulate the Clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment for nonunion of osteoporotic vertebral fractures ( version 2025), based on existing literature and clinical experience and adhering to principles of scientific rigor and practicality. The guideline provided 13 evidence-based recommendations encompassing diagnosis and treatment of OVF nonunion, aiming to standardize its clinical management.

With the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence(GAI)technologies,their widespread application in academic research and writing is continuously expanding the boundaries of sci-entific inquiry.However,this trend has also raised a series of ethical and regulatory challenges,inclu-ding issues related to authorship,content authenticity,citation accuracy,and accountability.In light of the growing involvement of AI in generating academic content,establishing an open,controllable,and trustworthy ethical governance framework has become a key task for safeguarding research integrity and maintaining trust within the academic community.This expert consensus outlines ethical requirements across key stages of AI-assisted academic writing-including topic selection,data management,citation practices,and authorship attribution.It aims to clarify the boundaries and ethical obligations surrounding AI use in academic writing,ensuring that technological tools enhance efficiency without compromising in-tegrity.The goal is to provide guidance and institutional support for building a responsible and sustainable research ecosystem.

BACKGROUND:The AO12-C type middle-proximal humeral fractures are usually caused by high-energy injuries,accompanied by comminuted fractures and a large number of butterfly-shaped bone fragments.These fractures are difficult to achieve good reduction and effective fixation.With the increasing understanding of the biological characteristics of bone and soft tissue,surgical treatment is gradually shifting towards minimally invasive steel plates and intramedullary nail fixation.However,there has been no consensus on which is the best surgical technique for treating humeral fractures in minimal invasive plate osteosynthesis and intramedullary nail.OBJECTIVE:To compare the clinical effect of minimal invasive plate osteosynthesis and intramedullary nail for treating AO12-C type middle-proximal humeral fractures.METHODS:A retrospective analysis was performed in 36 patients with AO12-C type middle-proximal humeral fracture who met the inclusion criteria admitted to the Guizhou Hospital of Beijing Jishuitan Hospital from January 2020 to December 2022.All patients were assigned to minimal invasive plate osteosynthesis group(18 cases)and intramedullary nail group(18 cases)according to the surgical treatment plan.The minimal invasive plate osteosynthesis group received minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis based on preoperative planning assisted by 3D printing,while the intramedullary nail group received intramedullary nail internal fixation.Operation time,intraoperative blood loss,hospital stay,and fracture healing time were compared between the two groups.Visual analog scale score at 1,3,and 6 months after surgery,shoulder joint function,Constant-Murley score,Quick Disabilities of the Arm,Shoulder and Hand(QuickDASH)score,and complications of the shoulder joint at the last follow-up were compared between the two groups.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)All patients were followed-up for average(15.56±4.05)months,and no difference was observed in hospital stay and fracture healing time between the two groups(P＞0.05).The minimal invasive plate osteosynthesis group had shorter operation time compared to the intramedullary nail group(P＜0.05).The intramedullary nail group had less intraoperative blood loss between the two groups of patients(P＜0.05).(2)In the intramedullary nail group,at 1 and 3 months after operation,the visual analog scale score was significantly lower than the minimal invasive plate osteosynthesis group(P＜0.05).No difference was observed in the visual analog scale in long-term follow-up,shoulder joint function,Constant-Murley score,Quick Disabilities of the Arm,Shoulder and Hand(QuickDASH)score at the last follow-up between the two groups(P＞0.05).(3)No complications such as nonunion or wound infection occurred in either group.Two cases of radial nerve palsy occurred in minimal invasive plate osteosynthesis group,both of which recovered within 3 months.The intramedullary nail group had 1 case of rotator cuff injury.There was no significant difference in the rate of complications between the two groups(P＞0.05).(4)To conclude,minimal invasive plate osteosynthesis and intramedullary nail can achieve good clinical efficacy in the treatment of AO12-C type middle-proximal humeral fractures,effectively improving shoulder joint function in patients.However,minimal invasive plate osteosynthesis exhibits obvious advantages in shorter surgical time with the assistance of 3D printing,which is a valuable,effective,and safe method for treating AO12-C type middle-proximal humeral fractures.

Objective To investigate the effects of in vitro culture with different concentrations of glucose and serum on hypoxia-induced activation and Yes-associated protein(YAP)expression in primary cardiac fibroblasts(CF).Methods Primary CF were isolated from ICR suckling mice with enzyme digestion and then purified using differential adhesion technique.The cells were ran-domly assigned into 6 groups:low glucose high serum group(1.0 g/L glucose+10％serum),high glucose high serum group(4.5 g/L glucose+10％serum),low glucose medium serum group(1.0 g/L glucose+5％serum),high glucose medium serum group(4.5 g/L glucose+5％serum),low glucose serum-free group(1.0 g/L glucose+0％serum)and high glucose serum-free group(4.5 g/L glucose+0％serum).In 24 h after above culture,the cell morphology was observed.Western blotting was used to detect the expression of α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA),transforming growth factor beta(TGF-β),type Ⅰ collagen(Col Ⅰ).and YAP.Immunofluorescence assay was em-ployed to observe the expression and localization of α-SMA and YAP.EDU staining and cell scratch assay were applied to measure cell proliferation and migration ability,respectively.Results After culture in 1％O2 for 24 h,the cell morphology was gradually altered toward myofibroblasts as the concentration of glucose rose and the serum level fell in the culture medium,especially in the group of high glucose and serum-free.The expression levels of Col Ⅰ,TGF-β,α-SMA and YAP were significantly higher in the high glucose no serum group than in the high glucose high serum group(P＜0.05).The fluorescence intensity of α-SMA was obviously increased in the low glucose no serum group than the low glucose high serum group[(9.23±2.45)％vs(2.40±2.04)％,P＜0.05].Compared to the low-sugar serum-free group,the high glucose serum-free group showed a significant increase in the levels of Col Ⅰ,TGF-β,α-SMA and YAP(P＜0.05).Notably higherα-SMA fluorescence intensity,more YAP nuclear translocation,and enhanced cell migration were observed in the high glucose serum-free group when compared to the high glucose high serum group and the low glucose serum-free group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Under the hypoxic condition of 1％O2,high-glucose serum-free is the most appropriate culture condition to construct an in vitro cell model of hypoxia-induced activation,and the activation of YAP is of most significant im-portance.

Objective:To evaluate the value of ultrasound radiomics combined with machine learning for early diagnosis of seronegative Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (SN-HT) .Methods:This retrospective study included 164 patients from Liaoning Provincial People’s Hospital , Lixin County People’s Hospital, Linghai Dalinghe Hospital, Fengcheng Phoenix Hospital, who underwent thyroidectomy for solitary nodules with normal thyroid function between Nov. 2016 and Jan. 2024. Postoperative pathology confirmed Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) in some cases, who were further categorized into antibody-positive and antibody-negative groups based on serum antibody status. Patients without Hashimoto’s thyroiditis served as the control group. A total of 298 ultrasound images were analyzed. Radiomics features were extracted from hypoechoic non-nodular areas within 0.5 cm surrounding the tumor. Two senior pathologists and two senior ultrasound physicians independently assessed lymphocytic infiltration, eosinophilic changes of follicular epithelium, and the proportion of hypoechoic areas in pathology and ultrasound images, respectively. A machine learning model, CCH-NET, was developed using linear regression and t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) techniques. The dataset was divided into a training set (80%) and a validation set (20%) to compare the diagnostic accuracy of CCH-NET with that of senior ultrasound physicians. Results:In internal validation, CCH-NET achieved a diagnostic accuracy of 88.89% for both antibody-positive and antibody-negative groups, significantly higher than the 66.67% accuracy of senior ultrasound physicians ( P<0.01). In external validation, CCH-NET achieved 75.00% and 66.67% accuracy for the two groups, compared to 50.00% by senior ultrasound physicians. For the control group, both methods achieved 93.33% accuracy. The AUC of CCH-NET was 0.848, outperforming senior ultrasound physicians (0.681) ,demonstrating superior diagnostic performance. Conclusion:The radiomics-based CCH-NET model, using non-nodular hypoechoic areas as a specific indicator, can accurately identify early SN-HT in euthyroid patients. It significantly outperforms senior ultrasound physicians, improving diagnostic accuracy and reducing missed diagnoses.