Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy and major complications (postoperative hemorrhage and cerebral edema) of 3 surgical methods in spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage (SSICH).Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed; 294 patients with SSICH admitted to Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from December 2018 to October 2021 were selected. According to different surgical methods, these patients were divided into neuroendoscopic hematoma removal group ( n=126), stereotactic drilling and drainage group ( n=98), and craniotomy hematoma removal group ( n=70). The surgical efficacy and complications in the 3 groups were analyzed, and the postoperative residual hematoma and edema volumes were quantitatively calculated based on 3D Slicer software. Results:The hematoma evacuation rate in the neuroendoscopic hematoma removal group, stereotactic drilling and drainage group, and craniotomy hematoma removal group was 86.25%±2.27%, 44.45%±3.61%, and 75.45%±2.89%, respectively; Glasgow coma Scale scores at discharge were 13.51±1.28, 11.24±2.17 and 10.25±2.56, respectively; postoperative hemorrhage incidence was 16.1%, 26.0% and 22.9%, respectively; postoperative residual hematoma volume was (18.90±12.33) mL, (25.75±11.43) mL and (22.91±7.93) mL, and postoperative peak edema volume was (37.43±11.07) mL, (39.54±9.43) mL, and (42.26±10.94) mL, respectively; percentage of patients with peak edema on 3-5 days after surgery was 31.0%, 65.3% and 68.6%; the diameter of edema zone was (20.04±2.98) mm, (24.12±5.85) mm and (23.59±3.81) mm, respectively, on 7 days after surgery; percentage of patients with edema resolution was 45.2%, 24.5%, 42.9% and 76.2%, 57.1%, 62.9%, respectively, on 9-11 days and 12-14 days after surgery; these indexes in the neuroendoscopic hematoma removal group were significantly different compared with those in the other two groups ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Compared with stereotactic drilling and drainage or craniotomy hematoma removal, neuroendoscopic surgery can effectively remove the hematoma and reduce the occurrences of postoperative hemorrhage and brain edema.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy and major complications (postoperative hemorrhage and cerebral edema) of 3 surgical methods in spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage (SSICH).Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed; 294 patients with SSICH admitted to Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from December 2018 to October 2021 were selected. According to different surgical methods, these patients were divided into neuroendoscopic hematoma removal group ( n=126), stereotactic drilling and drainage group ( n=98), and craniotomy hematoma removal group ( n=70). The surgical efficacy and complications in the 3 groups were analyzed, and the postoperative residual hematoma and edema volumes were quantitatively calculated based on 3D Slicer software. Results:The hematoma evacuation rate in the neuroendoscopic hematoma removal group, stereotactic drilling and drainage group, and craniotomy hematoma removal group was 86.25%±2.27%, 44.45%±3.61%, and 75.45%±2.89%, respectively; Glasgow coma Scale scores at discharge were 13.51±1.28, 11.24±2.17 and 10.25±2.56, respectively; postoperative hemorrhage incidence was 16.1%, 26.0% and 22.9%, respectively; postoperative residual hematoma volume was (18.90±12.33) mL, (25.75±11.43) mL and (22.91±7.93) mL, and postoperative peak edema volume was (37.43±11.07) mL, (39.54±9.43) mL, and (42.26±10.94) mL, respectively; percentage of patients with peak edema on 3-5 days after surgery was 31.0%, 65.3% and 68.6%; the diameter of edema zone was (20.04±2.98) mm, (24.12±5.85) mm and (23.59±3.81) mm, respectively, on 7 days after surgery; percentage of patients with edema resolution was 45.2%, 24.5%, 42.9% and 76.2%, 57.1%, 62.9%, respectively, on 9-11 days and 12-14 days after surgery; these indexes in the neuroendoscopic hematoma removal group were significantly different compared with those in the other two groups ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Compared with stereotactic drilling and drainage or craniotomy hematoma removal, neuroendoscopic surgery can effectively remove the hematoma and reduce the occurrences of postoperative hemorrhage and brain edema.

Objective To investigate the expression of serum human cartilage glycoprotein 39(YKL-40)and soluble growth stimulating gene 2 protein(sST2)in elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI)and their relationship with myocardial fibrosis and myocardial injury.Methods From January 2020 to April 2023,a cohort of 212 AMI patients admitted in Department of Cardiovascular Diseases of Dongguan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine were enrolled and assigned into the patient group,and another 80 ostensibly healthy volunteers taking physical examinations during the same period were subjected and served as control group.Serum levels of YKL-40 and sST2 and the indicators related myocardial fibrosis and injury[including hyaluronic acid(HA),type Ⅲ procollagen(PCⅢ),type Ⅲ procollagen amino terminal peptide(PⅢNP),cardiac troponin Ⅰ(cTnⅠ),creatine kinase isoenzyme(CK-MB),and N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide precursor(NT-proBNP)]at admission were detected,and the correlation of serum YKL-40 and sST2 levels with myocardial fibrosis and injury was analyzed.According the occurrence of ma-jor adverse cardiovascular events(MACE)during 28-day follow-up,the patients were stratified in-to MACE(68 cases)and non-MACE(144 cases)subgroups.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to analyze the determinants of serum YKL-40,sST2,myocardial fibrosis,and myocardial injury to the occurrence of MACE.Results The patients had significantly higher serum levels of YKL-40,sST2,PCⅢ,HA,PⅢ NP,cTnⅠ,CK-MB and NT-proBNP than the con-trol group(P＜0.01).Both serum YKL-40 and sST2 levels were positively correlated with the levels of PC Ⅲ,HA,PⅢ NP,cTnⅠ,CK-MB and NT-proBNP.The serum levels of YKL-40,sST2,PCⅢ,HA,PⅢNP,cTnⅠ,CK-MB and NT-proBNP were obviously higher in the MACE sub group than the non-MACE sub group(P＜0.01).Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that YKL-40(OR=1.964,95％CI:1.643-2.348,P=0.000),sST2(OR=2.457,95％CI:2.020-2.989,P=0.000),PC Ⅲ(OR=1.654,95％CI:1.312-2.084,P=0.000),HA(OR=1.505,95％CI:1.185-1.912,P=0.001),PⅢ NP(OR=1.483,95％CI:1.120-1.963,P=0.006),cTnⅠ(OR=1.365,95％CI:1.102-1.690,P=0.004),CK-MB(OR=1.514,95％CI:1.009-2.272,P=0.045)and NT-proBNP(OR=1.824,95％CI:1.011-3.290,P=0.046)were influencing factors for MACE in elderly AMI patients.Conclusion Serum YKL-40 and sST2 levels are abnormally higher in elderly AMI patients,and are closely associated with myocardial fibrosis and injury.

Humans ; Stroke, Lacunar ; Mendelian Randomization Analysis ; Leukocytes ; Telomere/genetics* ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

Objective : High performance liquid chromatography⁃mass spectrometry (LC⁃MS/MS) system was used to accurately determine 22 bile acids in serum , liver, amniotic fluid and placenta of pregnant mice , and a LC⁃MS/ MS method was established for efficient detection and analysis of bile acids in serum , liver, amniotic fluid and placenta of mice. Methods : Pregnant mice serum , liver, amniotic fluid and placenta samples were processed , with 0. 1% glacial acetic acid in 4 mmol/L ammonium acetate aqueous solution as mobile phase A and pure methanol as mobile phase B , the flow rate was 0. 4 ml/min , a gradient elution program was used to elute with Phenomenex Gemini 3 μm NX⁃C18 110A ( 100 mm × 2. 0 mm) chromatographic column elution , and mass spectrometry detection system used an electrospray ion source for negative ion multiple reaction monitoring. Results : The linear relationship of 22 bile acids in the quantitative range was good. The RSD of inter⁃day and intra⁃day precision at low , medium and high concentrations was 0. 5% - 7. 4% , the matrix effect was 88% - 110% , and the extraction recovery was 84% - 108% . Conclusion In this experiment , LC⁃MS/MS was established to detect 22 bile acids in serum , liver, amniotic fluid and placenta of pregnant mice. The method not only has high sensitivity and selectivity , but also can stably detect a large number of samples.

Objective : To investigate the protective effect of obeticholic acid (OCA) on di(2⁃ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP)Ⅳinduced cholestasis in mice. Methods : Animal experiment 1 : Female ICR mice were randomly divided into 3 groups: the control group, DEHP low⁃dose group [50 mg/(kg d)]and DEHP high⁃dose group [200 mg/ ( kg d)] . All mice were administered with DEHP by gavage for 18 days. Animal experiment 2: Female ICR mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: the control group, OCA group, DEHP model group[200 mg/(kg ·d)] and DEHP + OCA group. All mice were administered with DEHP by gavage for 18 days and the duration of OCA was 12 - 18 days. Serum and liver tissues of mice were collected. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bile acid ( TBA) levels, liver TBA levels, protein expression of farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and mRNA levels of FXR and SHP were detected. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes in liver tissues. Results : Experiment 1: Compared with the control group, the liver weight, liver coefficient and the TBA concentrations in serum and liver significantly increased only in DEHP[200 mg/(kg ·d)] group(P < 0. 01), indicating that the modeling was successful. Animal experiment 2: Compared with the DEHP model group, the liver weight and liver coefficient significantly decreased after OCA treatment, and the TBA concentrations in serum and liver both decreased (P < 0. 01) .Compared with the control group, the protein expression level and its mRNA level of FXR decreased after DEHP[200 mg/(kg ·d)]treatment; Compared with the DEHP model group, the protein expression of FXR and the mRNA levels of FXR and SHP significantly increased after OCA treatment(P < 0. 05) . Conclusion DEHP exposure can induce cholestatic liver injury in mice, and OCA posttreatment has a protective effect on DEHP⁃induced cholestasis in mice.

OBJECTIVES: To find the appropriate method for age estimation for different ages and sexes. METHODS: The costal cartilage, sternum and pubic symphysis of 91 unknowns from 2000 to 2020 from the Forensic Department of the Criminal Investigation Team of Shanghai Public Security Bureau were collected. Costal cartilage, sternal and pubic symphysis inferences were used to estimate the age, and the consistency between the estimated results and the actual physiological age of the unknowns was tested. The accuracy of age estimation of different samples was compared, and the relationship between accuracy and age and sex was analyzed. RESULTS: Using the costal cartilage method, the inference errors of males, females and the whole population under 40 years old were (0.608±2.298) years, (0.429±1.867) years and (0.493±2.040) years, while those over 40 years old were (-1.707±3.770) years, (-3.286±4.078) years and (-2.625±4.029) years. The differences between different age groups in these three populations were statistically significant (P<0.05). Using the sternum method, the inference errors of males and females under the age of 40 were (0.921±3.019) years and (0.452±1.451) years, while those over the age of 40 were (-5.903±5.088) years and (-1.429±2.227) years. The differences between different age groups in males and females were statistically significant (P<0.05). Using the pubic symphysis method, the inference errors of males and females under 40 years old were (-0.204±1.876) years and (0.238±2.477) years, while those over 40 years old were (1.500±2.156) years and (-2.643±4.270) years. The differences between different age groups in males and females were statistically significant (P<0.05). Using the sternum method and pubic symphysis method for age estimation of over 40 years old, the difference between different sexes was statistically significant (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS All three methods of age estimation are stable and effective and more accurate for people under 40 years old. For age estimation of unknowns over 40 years old, the pubic symphysis method is preferred in males and the sternum method is preferred in females.
Adult ; Age Determination by Skeleton/methods* ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Female ; Forensic Anthropology/methods* ; Forensic Medicine ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Pubic Symphysis/anatomy & histology*

Aim To evaluate the reno-proteetion of saxagliptin combined with metformin in mice with T2DM anrl its relationship with redox balance.Meth¬ods C57BL/6J mice were fed with high fat diet and injected with low dose STZ intraperitoneally to establish T2DM mouse model.Then they were randomly divided into T2DM group, glibenclamide group ( Gli group), metformin group ( Met group) , saxagliptin group ( Sax group) and saxagliptin + metformin group ( S + M group) , and normal control group ( NC group) with 8 mice in each group.Eight weeks after intervention the mice were weighed.Blood, urine and renal tissue sam¬ples were collected to measure GHbA,c, FBG, Alb, 8-OHdG, 8-iso-PG, SOD, GSH, GSSG and Ucr.The pathological morphology of renal tissues in each group was observed.Results Saxagliptin combined with metformin reduced significantly the levels of Alb/Ucr ( UACR) , 8-0HdG/Ucr( UOCR) , 8-iso-PG/Ucr( UP- CR) , increased the activity of SOD and GSH/GSSG ratio, and improved the pathological changes of renal tissues, which were superior to those in Met group and Sax group.Conclusions Saxagliptin combined with metformin have a synergistic protective effect on the kidneys of type 2 diabetic mice.The mechanism is partly related to alleviating oxidative stress and impro¬ving redox balance in vivo.

To solve the problem of real-time detection and removal of EEG signal noise in anesthesia depth monitoring, we proposed an adaptive EEG signal noise detection and removal method. This method uses discrete wavelet transform to extract the low-frequency energy and high-frequency energy of a segment of EEG signals, and sets two sets of thresholds for the low-frequency band and high-frequency band of the EEG signal. These two sets of thresholds can be updated adaptively according to the energy situation of the most recent EEG signal. Finally, we judge the level of signal interference according to the range of low-frequency energy and high-frequency energy, and perform corresponding denoising processing. The results show that the method can more accurately detect and remove the noise interference in the EEG signal, and improve the stability of the calculated characteristic parameters.
Algorithms ; Electroencephalography ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Signal-To-Noise Ratio ; Wavelet Analysis

Mercury sphygmomanometer based on traditional auscultation method is widely used in primary medical institutions in China, but a large amount of blood pressure data can not be directly recorded and applied in scientific research analysis, meanwhile auscultation data is the clinical standard to verify the accuracy of non-invasive electronic sphygmomanometer. Focusing on this, we designed a miniature non-invasive blood pressure measurement and verification system, which can assist doctors to record blood pressure data automatically during the process of auscultation. Through the data playback function,the software of this system can evaluate and verify the blood pressure algorithm of oscillographic method, and then continuously modify the algorithm to improve the measurement accuracy. This study introduces the hardware selection and software design process in detail. The test results show that the system meets the requirements of relevant standards and has a good application prospect.
Auscultation ; Blood Pressure/physiology* ; Blood Pressure Determination ; Oscillometry ; Sphygmomanometers