AIM:To analyze the characteristics of pathogenic bacteria in patients with infectious eye diseases at Shangrao Central Hospital from 2020 to 2024, providing a basis for the precise clinical prevention and control and the development of effective strategies.METHODS: A retrospective analysis was carried out on clinical specimens including the cornea, lacrimal duct, conjunctiva, and intraocular fluid samples, from patients with infectious eye diseases between May 2020 and December 2024. All the specimens underwent microbiological cultures and identification.RESULTS: A total of 447 patients enrolled ultimately in this study, including 250 males and 197 females, with an average age of 58.5±17.1 y. Among the 447 ocular specimens, bacterial infection was confirmed in 146 cases(32.7%). Of these positive samples, male patients accounted for 63.7%(93/146)and patients aged 51-70 y had the highest infection rate(88/146, 60.3%). Furthermore, migrant workers represented the predominant demographic affected by ocular infections, accounting for an overwhelming majority at 95.9%(140/146). When compared to other etiologies of disease, trauma emerged as the primary cause of ocular infections(P<0.01). In cases of bacterial ocular infections, Gram-positive cocci comprised approximately 61.2%, with Staphylococcus identified as the principal pathogen affecting the lacrimal duct, conjunctivae, and intraocular fluid. Streptococcus pneumoniae was found to be the main pathogen associated with corneal infections. Gram-negative bacteria were predominantly Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Fungal infections were observed in an alarming rate of 91.8% among corneal specimens. Fusarium was identified as the leading fungal pathogen responsible for these cases at a proportion of 45.9%.CONCLUSION: The distribution of pathogenic bacteria causing ocular infections demonstrates obvious tissue specificity. Trauma is identified as a major inducement of corneal fungal infection. Clinically, it is essential to pay particular attention to patients with ocular trauma, especially those engaged in agricultural labor who present with ocular infections, and fungal tests should be conducted as early as possible.

Objective : To investigate the diagnostic value of plasma calprotectin in childern with refractory mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(RMPP). Methods : A multicenter, prospective cohort study was conducted, enrolling 228 children with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(MPP). Among these, 177 cases were diagnosed with general mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(GMPP), while the remaining 51 cases were RMPP. Plasma was collected at the time of admission of the children in both groups, and calprotectin levels were measured. A one-way difference analysis was performed on the blood test indexes of the children in the two groups, and the difference variables withP<0.05 between the two groups were included in a multifactorial logistic regression to analyze the risk factors for the progression of GMPP to RMPP. The differential diagnostic value of plasma calprotectin for GMPP and RMPP was analyzed by the receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curves. Results : Univariate analysis showed that plasma calprotectin levels were significantly higher in the RMPP group than those in the GMPP group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that plasma calprotectin was an independent risk factor for RMPP(OR=1.323,P<0.001), ROC curve analysis showed that plasma calprotectin had a higher diagnostic value for the differential diagnosis of GMPP and RMPP(AUC =0.839), and its combination with C-reactive protein and albumin could significantly improve the diagnostic efficiency. Conclusion Plasma calprotectin has good clinical value for the diagnosis of RMPP.

Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are the primary fibrogenic cells in the liver, and their activation plays a crucial role in the development and progression of hepatic fibrosis. Here, we report that retinoid X receptor-alpha (RXRα), a unique member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, is a key modulator of HSC activation and liver fibrosis. RXRα exerts its effects by modulating calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase β (CaMKKβ)-mediated activation of AMP-activated protein kinase-alpha (AMPKα). In addition, we demonstrate that K-80003, which binds RXRα by a unique mechanism, effectively suppresses HSC activation, proliferation, and migration, thereby inhibiting liver fibrosis in the CCl₄ and amylin liver NASH (AMLN) diet animal models. The effect is mediated by AMPKα activation, promoting mitophagy in HSCs. Mechanistically, K-80003 activates AMPKα by inducing RXRα to form condensates with CaMKKβ and AMPKα via a two-phase process. The formation of RXRα condensates is driven by its N-terminal intrinsic disorder region and requires phosphorylation by CaMKKβ. Our results reveal a crucial role of RXRα in liver fibrosis regulation through modulating mitochondrial activities in HSCs. Furthermore, they suggest that K-80003 and related RXRα modulators hold promise as therapeutic agents for fibrosis-related diseases.

Objective:To analyze the influence of forming direction on the surface characteristics,elastic modulus,bending strength and fracture toughness of printed parts and the relationship between forming direction and force direction,and to provide scientific basis and guidance for the clinical applica-tion of oral denture base resin materials.Methods:The 3D printing technology was used to print denture base resin samples.The shape and size of the samples referred to the current standard for testing conven-tional denture base materials.The samples used for physical performance testing were cylindrical(with a diameter of 15 mm and a thickness of 1 mm)and printed at different angles along the Z axis(0°,45°,90°).Scanning electron microscope was used to observe the microscopic topography of the different sam-ples.The color stability of different samples was observed by color stabilizer.The surface roughness of the samples was analyzed by using surface roughness tester.The Vickers hardness was measured to ana-lyze the hardness of the samples.The samples used for mechanical performance testing were rectangular(elastic modulus and bending strength:A length of 64 mm,a width of 10 mm,and a height of 3.3 mm;fracture toughness:A length of 39 mm,a width of 8 mm,and a height of 4 mm),divided into two groups:W group and H group.The W group was printed from the bottom up along the Z axis with the length × width as the bottom surface parallel to the X,Y axis plane,while the H group printed from the bottom up along the Z axis with the length × height as the bottom surface parallel to the X,Y axis plane.The forming angles of both groups were equally divided into 0°,45°,and 90°.The elastic modulus,bending strength and fracture toughness of different samples were studied through universal mechanical testing machine.SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results:The microscopic topogra-phy and roughness of different samples were closely related to the printing direction,with significant differences between the 0°,45°,and 90° specimens.The 0° specimens had the smoothest surface(roughness＜1 μm).The surface of the 45 ° specimen was the roughest(roughness＞3 μm).The microhardness of the 0° sample was the best[(196.13±0.20)MPa],with a significant difference com-pared with the 90° sample[(186.62±4.81)MPa,P＜0.05].The mechanical properties of different samples were also closely related to the printing direction.The elastic modulus,bending strength,and fracture toughness of the 45° samples in the W group were the highest compared with the other groups.The results of elastic modulus showed that in the H group,the 45° specimens had the highest elastic mo-dulus,which was significantly different from the 0° and 90° specimens(P＜0.05).The elastic modulus of 0° and 45° specimens in the W group were higher than those in 90° specimens(P＜0.05).The bending strength results showed that there was no significant difference between the specimens from dif-ferent angles in the H group.The bending strength of the 90° specimens in the W group was the smallest,and there was a significant difference between 90° and the 0° and 45° specimens(P＜0.05);And the bendind strength of the 0° and 45° specimens in the W group was significantly higher than that of the 0° and 45° specimens in the H group(P＜0.05).The fracture toughness results showed that the fracture toughness of the H group specimens was lower than 1.9 MPa m1/2,which was specified in the denture base standard.The 45° samples in the W group were the highest,with significant differences compared with the 0° and 90° samples(P＜0.05).And the 90° samples of the W group specimens were lower than 1.9 MPa m1/2.And the fracture toughness of the 45° specimen in the W group was significantly higher than that of all the specimens in the H group(P＜0.05).Conclusion:The 0° samples had rela-tively better physical properties.The 45° samples had the best mechanical properties.But the fracture toughness of specimens(H group and 90° samples of W group)did not yet meet clinical requirements.That indicated that the characteristics of the 3D printing denture base resin were affected by the printing direction.Only when the performance of the printed samples in all directions met the minimum require-ments of the standard,they could be used in clinical practice.

OBJECTIVE：To provide reference for the development and application of pharmacy popular-science video courseware. METHODS ：Combined with the problems existing in the medication of patients with chronic diseases at the present stage and the key points of medication management ，the theme ，content and form of this popular-science were determined ；the video shooting and production were completed ，and publicity and promotion were carried out. Questionnaire survey was conducted ， and the reception of pharmacy outpatient service in our hospital was counted ；the broadcasting effects of popular-science video were analyzed. RESULTS ：The theme of popular-science video courseware was determined to be self-medication management of patients with chronic diseases at home assisted by pharmacists. Combined with the “five moments ”of medication safety proposed by WHO ， the content included six units as knowing pharmacists ，understanding drugs ，taking drugs ，adding drugs ，checking drugs ，and discontinuing drugs. PPT video was used to explain the contents of each unit ，with an average duration of about 25 min. After the first unit was launched ，a total of 39 327 hits were received within two months. A total of 100 questionnaires were sent out ，97 questionnaires were collected （recovery rate of 97.0％）. Among them ，80（82.5％）thought it helpful to watch the video. Within two months after the broadcast of unit 1 video，the reception volume of pharmacy outpatient department of our hospital （1 160 person times ）increased by 104.2％ compared with the two months in the same period last year （568 person times ），and increased by 18.7％ compared with the two months before the broadcast （977 person times ）；99 patients came to the pharmacy outpatient department to consult because of watching the video ，and 55.6％ of the registered patients consulted the demonstration of video courseware and repeatedly mentioned related problems. CONCLUSIONS ：It is a beneficial exploration for pharmacists to develop popular-science video courseware with the theme of safe and rational drug use. It is the direction for future work to increase the scope of disease types ，target different groups of people or focus on different types of drugs and promot them in various forms.

Objective To compare the clinical outcomes of mini-invasive plate osteosynthesis ( MIPO ) and conventional open plating for complex fractures of midshaft clavicle. Methods The authors retrospec-tively reviewed the data of complex fractures of midshaft clavicle ( AO/OTA types 15-B2 and 15-B3 ) which had been treated with MIPO or conventional open plating between January 2010 to February 2016. Forty-one patients were treated with MIPO and 43 with conventional open plating. The 2 groups were compared in terms of incision length, hospital stay, bone union time, postoperative Constant score and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand ( DASH ) score, patients'satisfaction and complications. Results The average follow-up was 21. 2 ± 9. 2 months for MIPO group and 23. 1 ± 11. 8 months for conventional open plating group. The incision length ( 4. 3 ± 0. 5 cm ) , hospital stay ( 7. 7 ± 1. 9 d ) and union time ( 10. 6 ± 3. 2 w ) in the MIPO group were signifi-cantly shorter than those in the conventional open plating group ( 8. 4 ± 1. 3 cm, 9. 6 ± 3. 1 d and 12. 3 ± 3. 9 w, respectively ) ( P <0. 05 ) . The MIPO group had significantly lower incidences of hypertrophic scarring and dysesthesia in the area of incision but significantly higher patients'satisfaction than the conventional open plating group ( P <0. 05 ) . There were no significant differences in the Constant score or DASH score at 3 months, 6 months and the final follow-up ( P > 0. 05 ) . Conclusion In the treatment of complex fractures of midshaft clavicle, although both MIPO and conventional open plating can lead to similar functional outcomes, MIPO may be advantageous over conventional open plating in smaller surgical incision, more rapid fracture union, shorter hospital stay and higher patients'satisfaction.

Objective To evaluate the clinical outcomes of split fractures of humeral greater tuberosity treated by our self-designed new type of anatomical locking plate.Methods From September 2012 to February 2017,23 patients were treated for acute split fracture of the humeral greater tuberosity using our self-designed new type of anatomical locking plate.They were 13 males and 10 females with a mean age of 52.8 years (range,from 25 to 81 years).Of them,6 were beyond 60 years old, 12 had comminuted fracture,10 were complicated with glenohumeral dislocation,and 12 with rotator cuff tear.The patients were evaluated clinically with Constant-Murley score,visual analog scale (VAS),range of motion and complications at the last follow-ups.Results This series were followed up for 12 to 30 months (mean,23.2 months).All the fractures healed after an average time of 10.6 weeks (range,from 8 to 12 weeks).Their mean Constant-Murley Score was 92.1 points (range,from 70 to 100 points),giving an excellent and good rate of 95.7％ (22/23);their VAS scores averaged 0.8 points (range,from 0 to 4 points).Their forward flexion averaged 160.6°,abduction 157.8°,external rotation 46.4°,and internal rotation up to the T11 level,respectively.Their complications rate was 17.4％ (4/23).One case of axillary nerve injury,one case of relapse of glenohumeral dislocation at sports,and 2 cases of stiff shoulder were observed.Conclusion Split fractures of the humeral greater tuberosity can be successfully treated with our new type of anatomical locking plate which serves as a new alternative treatment.