"Sinew prescription correspondence" is the principle of selecting prescriptions for channel sinew diseases. On the basis of the theory of syndrome differentiation and treatment， the pulse manifestation corresponds to the channel sinew syndrome， which can improve the flexibility and standardization of clinical prescriptions. From the perspective of systematic dialectical sphygmology， this paper explains the dialectical relationship between channel sinew theory and pulse body elements， pulse wall elements， pulse elements and blood flow elements， and clarifies the internal relationship between pulse manifestation and prescriptions at the level of channel sinew disease. The prescription is derived from the method， while the method is established with the syndrome， and the prescription is unified by the method. According to the theory of "sinew prescription correspondence"， the treatment ideas of channel sinew diseases were analyzed from the perspective of channel sinew distribution， functional characteristics and structural changes. On this basis， the diagnosis of channel sinew disease and the application of prescriptions are expanded， and the research on the internal treatment and diagnosis mode of "pulse manifestation-channel sinew-zang fu （脏腑）" is prospected， so as to expand the differentiation and treatment methods of channel sinew theory.

Asthma and cough variant asthma （CVA） are both chronic heterogeneous diseases characterized by airway microenvironment homeostasis disruption as their core pathological basis. In recent years， micro ribonucleic acid （miRNA）， as core post-transcriptional regulators， have been shown to finely modulate multiple critical signaling pathways， including Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription （JAK/STAT）， nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB）， transforming growth factor-β/Smad （TGF-β/Smad）， and phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B （PI3K/Akt）， as well as various pathological processes such as airway epithelial barrier restoration， type 1 helper T cell（Th1）/Th2 immune balance， M1/M2 macrophage polarization， airway smooth muscle cell function， and airway hyperresponsiveness. miRNAs play a pivotal role in maintaining and disrupting airway microenvironment homeostasis. Based on recent Chinese and international literature， a logical framework centered on "airway microenvironment homeostasis disruption， miRNA regulation， and microenvironment restoration" was constructed. From the perspective of the airway microenvironment， the therapeutic roles of miRNA in asthma and CVA were systematically summarized， and the cascade regulatory mechanisms of miRNA throughout the entire disease course were elucidated. The hub miRNA was identified， and research progress on traditional Chinese medicine intervention strategies was explored. Furthermore， current clinical studies on RNA therapeutics and traditional Chinese medicine in achieving multi-target and multi-pathway integrated treatment by modulating miRNA were analyzed. The value of miRNA as biomarkers for diagnosis， phenotyping， and prognosis assessment， as well as the potential and application prospects of miRNA mimics and antagonists in precision therapy， were summarized， with the ultimate goal of advancing precision therapy for asthma and CVA.

Henoch-Sch?nlein purpura(HSP)is a common vascular inflammatory disease in children,which is easy to recur and seriously affects the physical and mental health of children.Based on the cold climate and the characteristics of children's constitutions,Professor Wang Youpeng proposes that the pathogenesis is based on the invasion of external pathogens,and spleen deficiency and loss of circulation,yin-yang imbalance,and defensive qi instability are the key points of the pathogenesis.Professor Wang establishes the characteristic therapy of"three clear and one tonic",which includes the elimination and discharge method to clear dampness and heat,the dual solution method of external and internal to clear excessive heat,the method of cooling blood and dissipating blood stasis to clear stasis spots,and the method of strengthening the body and consolidating the essence to tonify deficiency.This therapy is based on"combining prescriptions to increase efficacy"and takes into account both deficiency in root and excess in superficiality.It not only focuses on the excessive syndromes of heat,blood stasis and dampness in the acute stage,but also focuses on the deficiency of healthy qi in the remission stage,which can provide references for the syndrome differentiation and treatment for HSP in children in cold regions.

Henoch-Sch?nlein purpura(HSP)is a common vascular inflammatory disease in children,which is easy to recur and seriously affects the physical and mental health of children.Based on the cold climate and the characteristics of children's constitutions,Professor Wang Youpeng proposes that the pathogenesis is based on the invasion of external pathogens,and spleen deficiency and loss of circulation,yin-yang imbalance,and defensive qi instability are the key points of the pathogenesis.Professor Wang establishes the characteristic therapy of"three clear and one tonic",which includes the elimination and discharge method to clear dampness and heat,the dual solution method of external and internal to clear excessive heat,the method of cooling blood and dissipating blood stasis to clear stasis spots,and the method of strengthening the body and consolidating the essence to tonify deficiency.This therapy is based on"combining prescriptions to increase efficacy"and takes into account both deficiency in root and excess in superficiality.It not only focuses on the excessive syndromes of heat,blood stasis and dampness in the acute stage,but also focuses on the deficiency of healthy qi in the remission stage,which can provide references for the syndrome differentiation and treatment for HSP in children in cold regions.

Pulmonary fibrosis， chronic obstructive pulmonary disease， acute lung injury， asthma， and infectious pneumonia are common pulmonary inflammatory diseases worldwide. There is evidence that mitochondria produce a large amount of reactive oxygen species （ROS） when stimulated by inflammation， leading to oxidative stress that affects the onset and progression of pulmonary inflammatory diseases. With in-depth research， traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has made significant progress in the treatment of pulmonary inflammatory diseases. An increasing amount of evidence indicates that single TCM and their active components， as well as TCM compound formulas， can improve mitochondrial oxidative stress status through multi-target and multi-pathway mechanisms， thereby effectively treating pulmonary inflammatory diseases. Currently， there is a lack of systematic review and summary of TCM research in this field both domestically and internationally. Therefore， this article aims to summarize and conclude the mechanisms by which TCM regulates mitochondrial oxidative stress to intervene in pulmonary inflammatory diseases， providing a scientific basis for its clinical application and offering new ideas and references for in-depth research on the prevention and treatment of pulmonary inflammatory diseases with TCM.

Objective To analyze the effect of Xiaozhi Decoction in the treatment of hyperlipidemiain different classification of physical constitution in TCM.Methods We screened 206 patients with Hyperlipidemia in our hospital and had been treated with drugs during May 2020 to March 2023.Totally 103 patients in the TCM group were treated with Xiaozhi Decoction,103 patients in the western medicine group were treated with atorvastatin.Selected total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and liver transaminase before and after a period of treatment.The non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(non-HDL-C)will be calculated,too.Results In the Phlegm-Dampness constitution,TC,TG,LDL-C and non-HDL-C decreased significantly all in the TCM group(P<0.05);TC,TG and non-HDL-C decreased significantly all in the western medicine group(P<0.05).The TCM group is superior to the western medicine group in TC,LDL-C,non-HDL-C(P<0.05).In the Qi-Deficiency constitution,TC,TG,LDL-C and non-HDL-C decreased significantly all in the TCM group(P<0.05);TC,LDL-C and non-HDL-C decreased significantly all in the western medicine group(P<0.05).The TCM group is superior to the western medicine group in non-HDL-C(P<0.05).In the Blood-Stasis constitution,TC,TG,LDL-C and non-HDL-C decreased significantly all in the western medicine group only(P<0.05).The western medicine group is superior to the TCM group in TC,LDL-C,non-HDL-C(P<0.05).In the Yin-Yang Harmony constitution,TC and non-HDL-C decreased significantly both in the TCM group(P<0.05).TC,LDL-C and non-HDL-C decreased significantly all in the western medicine group(P<0.05).The western medicine group is superior to the TCM group in TC,LDL-C,non-HDL-C(P<0.05).Conclusion Xiaozhi Decoction is superior to the the atorvastatin in the treatment of hyperlipidemia for the Phlegm-Dampness constitution and Qi-deficiency constitution groups.But it is not superior to the atorvastatin in the treatment of hyperlipidemia for the Blood-Stasis constitution and Yin-Yang Harmony constitution groups.

Objective To carry out carrier screening for spinal muscular atrophy(SMA)in 3 302 preg-nant women from Xinjiang region and preliminarily determine the SMA carrier frequency among pregnant women in the region.Methods A total of 29 089 pregnant women who underwent prenatal visits at this hos-pital from April 2020 to February 2023 were educated,of whom 3 302 were received SMA carrier screening.SMA carriers were screened by detecting the copy numbers of SMN1 exons 7(E7)and 8(E8)using quantita-tive fluorescence PCR.Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification(MLPA)was used for prenatal diag-nosis of high-risk fetuses in couples who were both SMA carriers.Results The acceptance rate of SMA carri-ers screening was 11.35％.Among the 3 302 pregnant women,58 were found to be SMA carriers,and the total carrier frequency was 1.76％(1/57).Among them,there were 45 cases of Han ethnicity,with a carrying fre-quency of 1.63％(1/61),and there were 13 cases of ethnic minorities,with a carrying frequency of 2.39％(1/42).Among the 58 carriers,46 spouses were received SMA screening,and the results showed that two couples were both SMA carriers.Further prenatal diagnosis was performed,and the results of MLPA indicated that the fetuses were all heterozygous deletions of SMN1 E7 and E8,suggesting continued pregnancy.Conclusion This study has preliminarily determined the SMA carrier frequency among pregnant women in Xinjiang region.SMA carrier screening in pregnant women and prenatal diagnosis of high-risk fetuses are of great significance for the prevention and control of birth defects.

Objective:To retrospectively review the efficacy of enhanced epidural anesthesia in the patients undergoing cesarean section.Methods:The data from patients who underwent cesarean section in our hospital from August 2008 to December 2021 were retrospectively collected. The method of epidural anesthesia, drug dosage, onset time, blocking level, anesthesia effect, remedial medication, and complications related to the method were recorded. The main points of enhanced epidural anesthesia included: ① test negative pressure by rotating the epidural puncture needle in situ to determine the position of the needle tip; ② catheterization after administering local anesthetic through epidural puncture needle to assess the clinical application of this technique. A questionnaire survey was conducted in 134 anesthesiologists with qualifications for epidural procedures. The questionnaire addressed whether to perform routine needle rotation during epidural procedures, direction of needle rotation, and the percentage of the dosage of local anesthetic administered through puncture needle. Results:A total of 10 054 patients received epidural anesthesia (10 016 cases) and switched to general anesthesia because of poor epidural effect or intraoperative emergencies (38 cases) were enrolled. The consumption of local anesthetics for epidural anesthesia was 18 (15, 20) ml.There were 7 287 cases with block plane records, of which the ratio of the block level reached T 6-8 was 86.84%. The time from the beginning of anesthesia to skin incision was 25 (20, 30) min. Sixteen patients (0.159%) switched to general anesthesia because of poor epidural effect.Among 10 016 patients underwent epidural anesthesia, 925 patients (9.235%) received intravenous adjunctive drugs.No patients experienced total spinal anesthesia, 25 patients (0.248%) had epidural perforation due to puncture or needle rotation, and 4 cases (0.039%) local anesthetic intoxication, 3 cases (0.030%) postoperative nerve injury, and 142 patients (1.412%) requiring intervention with vasoactive drugs due to hemodynamic instability within 30 min after epidural administration. Questionnaire survey: The proportion of anesthesiologists rotating epidural puncture needles was 85.1%, and the proportion of anesthesiologists using epidural puncture needles to inject local anesthesia drugs with a dose greater than 50% of the total dose before catheterization was 84.2%. Conclusions:Enhanced epidural anesthesia can provide effective anesthesia for the patients undergoing cesarean section without increasing the risk of complications related to epidural procedures.

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer prevails and induces high mortality around the world. This study provided real-world information on the evolution of clinicopathological profiles and survival outcomes of lung cancer, and provided survival information within stage I subtypes. METHODS: Patients pathologically confirmed with lung cancer between January 2009 and December 2018 were identified with complete clinicopathological information, molecular testing results, and follow-up data. Shifts in clinical characteristics were evaluated using χ2 tests. Overall survival (OS) was calculated through the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: A total of 26,226 eligible lung cancer patients were included, among whom 62.55% were male and 52.89% were smokers. Non-smokers and elderly patients took increasingly larger proportions in the whole patient population. The proportion of adenocarcinoma increased from 51.63% to 71.80%, while that of squamous carcinoma decreased from 28.43% to 17.60%. Gene mutations including EGFR (52.14%), KRAS (12.14%), and ALK (8.12%) were observed. Female, younger, non-smoking, adenocarcinoma patients and those with mutated EGFR had better survival prognoses. Importantly, this study validated that early detection of early-stage lung cancer patients had contributed to pronounced survival benefits during the decade. Patients with stage I lung cancer, accounted for an increasingly considerable proportion, increasing from 15.28% to 40.25%, coinciding with the surgery rate increasing from 38.14% to 54.25%. Overall, period survival analyses found that 42.69% of patients survived 5 years, and stage I patients had a 5-year OS of 84.20%. Compared with that in 2009-2013, the prognosis of stage I patients in 2014-2018 was dramatically better, with 5-year OS increasing from 73.26% to 87.68%. Regarding the specific survival benefits among stage I patients, the 5-year survival rates were 95.28%, 93.25%, 82.08%, and 74.50% for stage IA1, IA2, IA3, and IB, respectively, far more promising than previous reports. CONCLUSIONS Crucial clinical and pathological changes have been observed in the past decade. Notably, the increased incidence of stage I lung cancer coincided with an improved prognosis, indicating actual benefits of early detection and management of lung cancer.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Aged ; Lung Neoplasms/genetics* ; Adenocarcinoma/pathology* ; Prognosis ; Survival Rate ; Mutation ; ErbB Receptors/genetics* ; Neoplasm Staging ; Retrospective Studies

This paper proposes a mathematical model based on probability graphs and an algorithm of iterative reasoning,which is an automatic interactive question-and-answer mathematical model based on the classic TCM syndrome differentiation system and the theory of prescription and syndrome correspondence.It is used for TCM online interactive consultation and automatic syndrome differentiation analysis to improve the effectiveness of remote TCM clinical consultation and help TCM artificial intelligence assist syndrome differentiation.This model can express the clinician's experience in syndrome differentiation,and reflect his ability to accumulate and apply knowledge of ancient Chinese books,which is conducive to the inheritance and development of TCM physicians'personal experience.The model is scalable and configurable,and can continuously accumulate experience in dialectics and knowledge of traditional Chinese medicine.The use of iterative reasoning algorithm can realize the automatic analysis and reasoning of more optimized syndrome analysis results through brief interactive question and answer,providing more efficient and convenient practical assistance for clinical diagnosis and treatment of traditional Chinese medicine,which is conducive to accelerating the inheritance and promotion of traditional Chinese medicine,and is conducive to the expansion of Chinese medicine.The mass basis and market supply of medical diagnosis and treatment services have far-reaching social benefits.