Health think tanks serve as a crucial intellectual support for the Healthy China strategy. The authors systematically analyzed the definitions, classifications, and operational status of health think tanks, categorizing them into five types: government-affiliated think tanks, university and research institute think tanks, social think tanks, hospital think tanks, and corporate think tanks. It was indicated that current health think tanks had significant room for improvement in both quantity and influence, particularly concerning deeper integration with policy decision-making and interdisciplinary collaboration. Although these think tanks played a unique role in supporting government decision-making, issues such as lagging institutional development, insufficient collaborative effectiveness, and difficulties in translating research findings into practice remained prominent. To enhance the ability of think tanks to serve the Healthy China strategy, this study proposed strategies including strengthening top-level design, improving participation mechanisms, optimizing management and evaluation systems, establishing data-sharing platforms, and deepening collaborative governance, with the aim of fostering the healthy development of China′s health think tanks.

Health think tanks serve as a crucial intellectual support for the Healthy China strategy. The authors systematically analyzed the definitions, classifications, and operational status of health think tanks, categorizing them into five types: government-affiliated think tanks, university and research institute think tanks, social think tanks, hospital think tanks, and corporate think tanks. It was indicated that current health think tanks had significant room for improvement in both quantity and influence, particularly concerning deeper integration with policy decision-making and interdisciplinary collaboration. Although these think tanks played a unique role in supporting government decision-making, issues such as lagging institutional development, insufficient collaborative effectiveness, and difficulties in translating research findings into practice remained prominent. To enhance the ability of think tanks to serve the Healthy China strategy, this study proposed strategies including strengthening top-level design, improving participation mechanisms, optimizing management and evaluation systems, establishing data-sharing platforms, and deepening collaborative governance, with the aim of fostering the healthy development of China′s health think tanks.

Abstract: In the present study, the compound XL-12 from our previous work was utilized as a lead compound. Through the optimization of the terminal phenyl ring, 12 target compounds were designed and synthesized. The structures of all target compounds were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and H RMS. In vitro enzyme activity assay showed that most compounds demonstrated significant inhibitory activity toward Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) and Janus kinase 3 (JAK3). Among them, compound I-3 exhibited moderate cell proliferation inhibitory activity toward Daudi cells and BaF3-JAK3 cells. In the evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity in vitro, compound I-3 could effectively inhibit the production of inflammatory factors IL-6; besides, it exhibited superior anti-inflammatory activity compared to ibrutinib in xylene-induced ear swelling model in mice.

[Objective]To explore the role of estrogen and estrogen receptor (ER) in the pathogenesis and regulation of non-invasive fungal rhinosinusitis (NIFR).[Methods]Totally 60 patients with NIFS who met the inclusion criteria in Fuzhou Second General Hospital from November 2020 to November 2023 were selected as the NIFS group,while 30 healthy volunteers were recruited as the blank control group. Samples of each group were collected. The number of eosinophils and mast cells in each group were detected by HE staining;ER expression was detected by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence;mRNA expression levels of NF-κB,IKK and MASPIN were detected by qPCR;and protein expression levels of NF-κB,IKK and MASPIN were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot.[Results]In the NIFS group,the counts of eosinophils and mast cells were significantly increased respectively,compared with those in the control group,and the inter-group differences are statistically significant (P<0.01 and P<0.05,respectively). The Estrogen Receptor (ER) score in the NIFS group was significantly increased compared with that in the control group,and the inter-group differences are statistically significant (P<0.05). Additionally,the average high-density value in the NIFS group was significantly increased compared with that in the control group,and the inter-group differences are statistically significant (P<0.01). The expression levels of NF-κB,IKK,and MASPIN in the NIFS group were significantly increased respectively,compared with those in the control group,and the inter-group differences are statistically significant (P<0.01,P<0.05,and P<0.01,respectively). The mRNA expression levels of NF-κB,IKK,and MASPIN in the NIFS group were significantly increased,respectively,compared with those in the control group (P<0.01). Furthermore,the protein expression levels of NF-κB,IKK,and MASPIN in the NIFS group were increased,respectively,and the inter-group differences are statistically significant (P<0.01,P<0.01,and P<0.05,respectively).[Conclusion]Our results show that the significant increase in the number of eosinophils and mast cells,and in the expression levels of ER,NF-κB,IKK and MASPIN may indicate a significant increase in eosinophil and mast cell infiltration in ER positive patients,and suggest the involvement of estrogen and its receptors in the pathogenesis of NIFS.

Objective To investigate the value of interleukin(IL)-6 and kidney injury molecule(Kim)-1 in the early prediction of contrast-induced pnephropathy(CIN)after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)in patients with coronary heart disease.Methods A total of 730 patients with coronary heart disease who underwent PCI were retrospectively collected,divided into CIN group(n=46)and non-CIN group(n=684),and the medical records of the two groups were compared,and the relationship between Kim-1 and IL-6 of renal injury and CIN was analyzed by binary regression,and the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to explore the predictive value of these two markers on CIN after PCI for coronary heart disease.Results There was no significant difference between two groups in terms of preoperative IL-6(P=0.467)and Kim-1(P=0.643),and 48h and 72h after PCI,IL-6 and Kim-1 in CIN group was higher than that in non-CIN group(P＜0.001),and IL-6 and Kim-1 in CIN group was higher than that in before surgery(P＜0.001).48h postoperative IL-6(OR=1.884,P=0.002),48h postoperative Kim-1(OR=1.409,P＜0.001)and 72h postoperative IL-6(OR=1.377,P＜0.001)and 72 hours postoperative Kim-1(OR=1.092,P=0.004)were independent risk factors for CIN.The ROC curve showed that when used as a diagnostic marker for CIN,the area under the curve(AUC)of IL-6(48h),IL-6(72h)were 0.837,0.782,AUC of 48h Kim-1 and 72h Kim-1 were 0.820 and 0.827,respectively.Conclusion IL-6 and Kim-1 are independent risk factors for CIN after PCI for coronary heart disease.IL-6 and Kim-1 were positively correlated with the occurrence of CIN after PCI for coronary heart disease.IL-6 and Kim-1 have good diagnostic sensitivity and specificity for CIN after PCI for coronary heart disease.

Background: and Purpose The eye-movement examination can be applied as a noninvasive method to identify multiple-system atrophy (MSA). Few studies have investigated eye movements during the early stage of MSA with predominant parkinsonism (MSA-P). We aimed to determine the characteristic oculomotor changes in the early stage of MSA-P. Methods: We retrospectively selected 17 patients with MSA-P and 40 with Parkinson’s disease (PD) with disease durations of less than 2 years, and 40 age-matched healthy controls (HCs).Oculomotor performance in the horizontal direction was measured in detail using videonystagmography. Results: We found that the proportions of patients with MSA-P and PD exhibiting abnormal eye movements were 82.4% and 77.5%, respectively, which were significantly higher than that in the HCs (47.5%, p<0.05). Compared with HCs, patients with MSA-P presented significantly higher abnormal proportions of fixation and gaze-holding (17.6% vs. 0%), without-fixation (47.1% vs. 0%), prolonged latency in reflexive saccades (29.4% vs. 5.0%), memory-guided saccades (93.3% vs. 10.0%), and catch-up saccades in smooth-pursuit movement (SPM, 41.2% vs. 0) (all p<0.05). Compared with those with PD, patients with MSA-P presented a significantly higher proportion of catch-up saccades in SPM (41.2% vs. 2.5%, p<0.001). Conclusions MSA-P presented the characteristic of catch-up saccades in SPM in the early stage, which may provide some value in differentiating MSA-P from PD.

Objective: To compare the incidence of radiation-related toxicities between conventional and hypofractionated intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for limited-stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC), and to explore the risk factors of hypofractionated radiotherapy-induced toxicities. Methods: Data were retrospectively collected from consecutive limited-stage SCLC patients treated with definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy in Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from March 2016 to April 2022. The enrolled patients were divided into two groups according to radiation fractionated regimens. Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE, version 5.0) was used to evaluate the grade of radiation esophagus injuries and lung injuries. Logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with radiation-related toxicities in the hypofractionated radiotherapy group. Results: Among 211 enrolled patients, 108 cases underwent conventional IMRT and 103 patients received hypofractionated IMRT. The cumulative incidences of acute esophagitis grade ≥2 [38.9% (42/108) vs 35.0% (36/103), P=0.895] and grade ≥ 3 [1.9% (2/108) vs 5.8% (6/103), P=0.132] were similar between conventional and hypofractionated IMRT group. Late esophagus injuries grade ≥2 occurred in one patient in either group. No differences in the cumulative incidence of acute pneumonitis grade ≥2[12.0% (13/108) vs 5.8% (6/103), P=0.172] and late lung injuries grade ≥2[5.6% (6/108) vs 10.7% (11/103), P=0.277] were observed. There was no grade ≥3 lung injuries occurred in either group. Using multiple regression analysis, mean esophageal dose ≥13 Gy (OR=3.33, 95% CI: 1.23-9.01, P=0.018) and the overlapping volume between planning target volume (PTV) and esophageal ≥8 cm(3)(OR=3.99, 95% CI: 1.24-12.79, P=0.020) were identified as the independent risk factors associated with acute esophagitis grade ≥2 in the hypofractionated radiotherapy group. Acute pneumonitis grade ≥2 was correlated with presence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD, P=0.025). Late lung injuries grade ≥2 was correlated with tumor location(P=0.036). Conclusions: Hypofractionated IMRT are tolerated with manageable toxicities for limited-stage SCLC patients treated with IMRT. Mean esophageal dose and the overlapping volume between PTV and esophageal are independently predictive factors of acute esophagitis grade ≥2, and COPD and tumor location are valuable factors of lung injuries for limited-stage SCLC patients receiving hyofractionated radiotherapy. Prospective studies are needed to confirm these results.
Humans ; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma/pathology* ; Lung Neoplasms/pathology* ; Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated/methods* ; Retrospective Studies ; Lung Injury ; Radiotherapy Dosage ; Radiation Injuries/epidemiology* ; Esophagitis/epidemiology* ; Risk Factors ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/complications*

Humans ; COVID-19 ; Quarantine ; Renal Dialysis ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Hospitals

Objective:To explore the risk of cholangitis induced by different immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).Methods:Through the OpenVigil data platform, adverse event (AE) reports related to nivolumab, pembrolizumab, cemiplimab, avelumab, durvalumab, atezolizumab, ipilimumab, and tremelimumab from the first quarter of 2011 to the third quarter of 2021 in the US FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database were collected. Risk signal mining for cholangitis was performed using reported odds ratio ( ROR) method. The detection threshold of the risk signal was set as that the number of AE reports was greater than or equal to 3 and the lower limit of the 95% confidence interval ( CI) of the ROR was greater than 1. The higher the ROR and its 95 %CI lower limit, the stronger the signal intensity. The intensity of the risk signal of cholangitis due to different ICIs was compared and the main characteristics (sex, age, type of primary tumor, time of occurrence of AE, and outcome) of patients with ICIs-related cholangitis were analyzed descriptively. Results:A total of 52 440 AE reports related to the above 8 ICIs were collected, of which 410 cases were about cholangitis. The drugs that were detected with positive risk signals were nivolumab, pembrolizumab, atezolizumab, durvalumab monotherapy, and ipilimumab combined with nivolumab. Their number of AE reports were 213, 107, 48, 5, and 29 (402 patients in total), and the corresponding ROR (lower limit of 95 %CI) were 37.88 (32.89), 26.07 (21.46), 32.12 (24.10), 13.63 (5.65), and 14.46 (10.02), respectively. The risk signal intensity was nivolumab, atezolizumab, pembrolizumab, ipilimumab combined with nivolumab, and durvalumab in order. Seeing from the available data among the reports, males were more than females (233∶110=2.1∶1), 55.2% (222/402) of patients were 65 years old and over, and 48.0% (193/402) of patients were non-small cell lung cancer. ICIs-related cholangitis could result in hospitalization or prolongation of hospitalization in 42.3% (170/402), requiring emergency treatment in 40.0% (161/402), life-threatening in 2.0% (8/402), and death in 15.7% (63/402) of patients. Conclusions:The risk of cholangitis induced by ICIs is different and the risk signal of nivolumab is the strongest. Cholangitis is a serious AE of ICI, which should attract clinical attention.

Objective:To explore the risk of cholangitis induced by different immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).Methods:Through the OpenVigil data platform, adverse event (AE) reports related to nivolumab, pembrolizumab, cemiplimab, avelumab, durvalumab, atezolizumab, ipilimumab, and tremelimumab from the first quarter of 2011 to the third quarter of 2021 in the US FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database were collected. Risk signal mining for cholangitis was performed using reported odds ratio ( ROR) method. The detection threshold of the risk signal was set as that the number of AE reports was greater than or equal to 3 and the lower limit of the 95% confidence interval ( CI) of the ROR was greater than 1. The higher the ROR and its 95 %CI lower limit, the stronger the signal intensity. The intensity of the risk signal of cholangitis due to different ICIs was compared and the main characteristics (sex, age, type of primary tumor, time of occurrence of AE, and outcome) of patients with ICIs-related cholangitis were analyzed descriptively. Results:A total of 52 440 AE reports related to the above 8 ICIs were collected, of which 410 cases were about cholangitis. The drugs that were detected with positive risk signals were nivolumab, pembrolizumab, atezolizumab, durvalumab monotherapy, and ipilimumab combined with nivolumab. Their number of AE reports were 213, 107, 48, 5, and 29 (402 patients in total), and the corresponding ROR (lower limit of 95 %CI) were 37.88 (32.89), 26.07 (21.46), 32.12 (24.10), 13.63 (5.65), and 14.46 (10.02), respectively. The risk signal intensity was nivolumab, atezolizumab, pembrolizumab, ipilimumab combined with nivolumab, and durvalumab in order. Seeing from the available data among the reports, males were more than females (233∶110=2.1∶1), 55.2% (222/402) of patients were 65 years old and over, and 48.0% (193/402) of patients were non-small cell lung cancer. ICIs-related cholangitis could result in hospitalization or prolongation of hospitalization in 42.3% (170/402), requiring emergency treatment in 40.0% (161/402), life-threatening in 2.0% (8/402), and death in 15.7% (63/402) of patients. Conclusions:The risk of cholangitis induced by ICIs is different and the risk signal of nivolumab is the strongest. Cholangitis is a serious AE of ICI, which should attract clinical attention.