OBJECTIVE To systematically evaluate the risk factors for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis(SBP)in the cirrhosis patients with ascites so as to provide bases for reducing the incidence of SBP.METHODS The literatures regarding to cirrhosis ascites complicated with SBP were retrieved from the databases such as PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,CBM,CNKI,Wanfang and VIP.The time frame of retrieval was limited from the establish-ment of the databases to Jan.10,2024.The quality of the literatures was evaluated by Newcastle-Ottawa Scale(NOS).The data were analyzed by using STATA 16.0.RESULTS A total of 43 pieces of literatures were included in the study,involving 9877 research subjects,3384 of whom were complicated with SBP.The result of meta a-nalysis showed that the risk factors(P＜0.05)for SBP in the cirrhosis patients with ascites included the general factor(history of SBP),the disease factors(gastrointestinal hemorrhage,diarrhea,diabetes mellitus),drug fac-tors(use of proton pump inhibitors),physiological indexes[low blood sodium,low serum albumin,high serum bilirubin,rise of C-reactive protein(CRP)],liver function scoring indexes[Child-turcotte-pugh(CTP)grade C,model of end-stage liver disease(MELD)],and ascites indexes[low ascites albumin,rise of ascites white blood cells and rise of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)].CONCLUSIONS SBP is one of the most severe complications in the cirrhosis patients with ascites.Multiple risk factors may have remarkable influence on the occurrence and de-velopment of SBP.It is necessary to take targeted interventions to the controllable risk factors during the clinical practice so as to effectively reduce the risk of SBP in the cirrhosis patients with ascites.

OBJECTIVE To explore the medication rule and potential mechanism of anti-aging traditional Chinese medicine health care prescription by using data mining,network pharmacology and molecular docking technology.METHODS By searching the special food information query platform of the State Administration for Market Regulation and Yaozhi.com,the health care prescrip-tions with traditional Chinese medicine as the main component and anti-aging effect were searched.The data mining technology was used to analyze the prescription rules,and the core anti-aging traditional Chinese medicine was selected according to the analysis re-sults.The chemical constituents and corresponding targets of core anti-aging traditional Chinese medicines were obtained by searching TCMSP and other databases;potential targets related to aging from GeneCards and OMIM databases were screened;the intersection tar-gets of core Chinese medicine and aging were obtained.Subsequently,protein-protein interaction(PPI)network analysis,gene ontolo-gy(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment analysis were performed using STRING database and Cytoscape 3.7.2 software.Finally,the affinity of core targets and key components was verified by molecular docking technology.RESULTS A total of 244 kinds of anti-aging traditional Chinese medicine health care prescriptions were screened and included.The prescription drugs were mainly tonic drugs,the drug properties were mostly warm and mild,the drug taste was mainly sweet,the drugs were mainly distributed in the five zang organs,with the kidney meridian being the first target.According to the re-sults of comprehensive data analysis,five core Chinese medicines(Wolfberry,ginseng,American ginseng,Astragalus,Poria)were screened out.A total of 105 active ingredients(corresponding to 219 target genes),1 568 aging-related potential targets,and 137 in-tersection targets were obtained.According to the degree value,12 core targets were screened out,mainly involving cancer pathways,lipids and atherosclerosis,AGE-RAGE and other signaling pathways.The results of molecular docking showed that the key anti-aging components could spontaneously and stably bind to the core targets.CONCLUSION Through data mining,network pharmacology and molecular docking,the prescription rules of anti-aging Chinese medicine health care prescriptions are analyzed,and the anti-ag-ing potential targets and mechanism pathways of five core traditional Chinese medicines are preliminarily revealed,so as to provide ref-erence and theoretical basis for delaying aging and preventing and treating related diseases in the elderly.

OBJECTIVE To explore the medication rule and potential mechanism of anti-aging traditional Chinese medicine health care prescription by using data mining,network pharmacology and molecular docking technology.METHODS By searching the special food information query platform of the State Administration for Market Regulation and Yaozhi.com,the health care prescrip-tions with traditional Chinese medicine as the main component and anti-aging effect were searched.The data mining technology was used to analyze the prescription rules,and the core anti-aging traditional Chinese medicine was selected according to the analysis re-sults.The chemical constituents and corresponding targets of core anti-aging traditional Chinese medicines were obtained by searching TCMSP and other databases;potential targets related to aging from GeneCards and OMIM databases were screened;the intersection tar-gets of core Chinese medicine and aging were obtained.Subsequently,protein-protein interaction(PPI)network analysis,gene ontolo-gy(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment analysis were performed using STRING database and Cytoscape 3.7.2 software.Finally,the affinity of core targets and key components was verified by molecular docking technology.RESULTS A total of 244 kinds of anti-aging traditional Chinese medicine health care prescriptions were screened and included.The prescription drugs were mainly tonic drugs,the drug properties were mostly warm and mild,the drug taste was mainly sweet,the drugs were mainly distributed in the five zang organs,with the kidney meridian being the first target.According to the re-sults of comprehensive data analysis,five core Chinese medicines(Wolfberry,ginseng,American ginseng,Astragalus,Poria)were screened out.A total of 105 active ingredients(corresponding to 219 target genes),1 568 aging-related potential targets,and 137 in-tersection targets were obtained.According to the degree value,12 core targets were screened out,mainly involving cancer pathways,lipids and atherosclerosis,AGE-RAGE and other signaling pathways.The results of molecular docking showed that the key anti-aging components could spontaneously and stably bind to the core targets.CONCLUSION Through data mining,network pharmacology and molecular docking,the prescription rules of anti-aging Chinese medicine health care prescriptions are analyzed,and the anti-ag-ing potential targets and mechanism pathways of five core traditional Chinese medicines are preliminarily revealed,so as to provide ref-erence and theoretical basis for delaying aging and preventing and treating related diseases in the elderly.

OBJECTIVE To systematically evaluate the risk factors for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis(SBP)in the cirrhosis patients with ascites so as to provide bases for reducing the incidence of SBP.METHODS The literatures regarding to cirrhosis ascites complicated with SBP were retrieved from the databases such as PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,CBM,CNKI,Wanfang and VIP.The time frame of retrieval was limited from the establish-ment of the databases to Jan.10,2024.The quality of the literatures was evaluated by Newcastle-Ottawa Scale(NOS).The data were analyzed by using STATA 16.0.RESULTS A total of 43 pieces of literatures were included in the study,involving 9877 research subjects,3384 of whom were complicated with SBP.The result of meta a-nalysis showed that the risk factors(P＜0.05)for SBP in the cirrhosis patients with ascites included the general factor(history of SBP),the disease factors(gastrointestinal hemorrhage,diarrhea,diabetes mellitus),drug fac-tors(use of proton pump inhibitors),physiological indexes[low blood sodium,low serum albumin,high serum bilirubin,rise of C-reactive protein(CRP)],liver function scoring indexes[Child-turcotte-pugh(CTP)grade C,model of end-stage liver disease(MELD)],and ascites indexes[low ascites albumin,rise of ascites white blood cells and rise of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)].CONCLUSIONS SBP is one of the most severe complications in the cirrhosis patients with ascites.Multiple risk factors may have remarkable influence on the occurrence and de-velopment of SBP.It is necessary to take targeted interventions to the controllable risk factors during the clinical practice so as to effectively reduce the risk of SBP in the cirrhosis patients with ascites.

Objective To investigate the effect of preoperative dexmedetomidine(DEX)combined with fascia iliac compartment block(FICB)analgesia on perioperative sleep quality and delirium in elderly patients with hip fracture.Methods A total of 90 elderly patients who received total hip replacement(THA)for hip fracture in our hospital from January 2021 to June 2023 were selectively included,and all patients were randomly divided into control group(n=30),FICB group(n=30)and combination group(n=30).Patients in control group were prepared according to routine surgical procedures before surgery.Patients in combination group and FICB group were given continuous ultrasus-guided iliofascial space block and analgesia two days before surgery after admission.Patients in combination group were given dexmedetomidine nose drops on the night before surgery,the day after surgery and the night after surgery.Visual analogue pain(VAS)scores were recorded at admission(Tl),30 minutes after nasal drops(T2),immediately after entry to the operating table(T3),and at the position of intraspinal anesthesia(T4).Hamilton Anxiety(HAM-A)score and Athens Insomnia Scale(AIS)score were recorded 1 day before surgery,1 day after surgery and 1 day after surgery.Adverse reactions and postoperative delirium(POD)were recorded one week after surgery.Results There were no significant differences in age,sex,body mass index(BMI),fracture type,anesthesia duration,operation time,blood loss and adverse reactions(except daytime sleepiness)among all groups(P＞0.05).The VAS scores of T2,T3 and T4 in the combination group were significantly lower than those in the other two groups.HAM-A and AIS scores were significantly lower than those of the other two groups(P＜0.05).The incidence and duration of postoperative delirium were significantly lower than those in the other two groups(P＜0.05).Conclusion Prospective randomized controlled trials show that FICB combined with DEX can relieve pain,improve perioperative sleep quality and relieve postoperative delirium in patients with THA.

tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are novel non-coding RNAs that are involved in the occurrence and progression of diverse diseases. However, their exact presence and function in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unclear. Here, differentially expressed tsRNAs in HCC were profiled. A novel tsRNA, tRNA^Gln-TTG derived 5'-tiRNA-Gln, is significantly downregulated, and its expression level is correlated with progression in patients. In HCC cells, 5'-tiRNA-Gln overexpression impaired the proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and in vivo, while 5'-tiRNA-Gln knockdown yielded opposite results. 5'-tiRNA-Gln exerted its function by binding eukaryotic initiation factor 4A-I (EIF4A1), which unwinds complex RNA secondary structures during translation initiation, causing the partial inhibition of translation. The suppressed downregulated proteins include ARAF, MEK1/2 and STAT3, causing the impaired signaling pathway related to HCC progression. Furthermore, based on the construction of a mutant 5'-tiRNA-Gln, the sequence of forming intramolecular G-quadruplex structure is crucial for 5'-tiRNA-Gln to strongly bind EIF4A1 and repress translation. Clinically, 5'-tiRNA-Gln expression level is negatively correlated with ARAF, MEK1/2, and STAT3 in HCC tissues. Collectively, these findings reveal that 5'-tiRJNA-Gln interacts with EIF4A1 to reduce related mRNA binding through the intramolecular G-quadruplex structure, and this process partially inhibits translation and HCC progression.
Humans ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology* ; Liver Neoplasms/pathology* ; Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4A/genetics* ; Cell Line ; RNA, Transfer/metabolism* ; RNA ; Cell Proliferation

Objective:To explore the lung protective effect of nebulized inhalation of lidocaine (NL) on elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgery.Methods:A prospective study was conducted on 80 elderly patients who underwent hip fracture surgery at the Huizhou Sixth People′s Hospital from September 2020 to December 2021. They were randomly divided into an NL group and a control group with 40 patients in each group. Within 30 minutes before the start of anesthesia, the NL group was given 2% lidocaine 10 ml oxygen driven nebulization inhalation, while the control group was given equal volume sterile injection water nebulization inhalation. All patients underwent general anesthesia with laryngeal mask intubation and iliac fascia space block. A randomized, double-blind, and controlled clinical study was conducted. The average values of intraoperative peak airway pressure (P peak), plateau airway pressure (P plat), and lung dynamic compliance (C dyn) were compared between two groups of patients; We compared the changes in arterial partial pressure of CO 2 (PaCO 2), alveolar arterial oxygen differential pressure (A-aDO 2), respiratory index (RI), and oxygen index (OI) between the two groups of patients and before and after surgery; The clinical pulmonary infection score (CPIS) and lung ultrasound score (LUS) were also compared between two groups of patients on the first day before surgery, the second day after surgery, and the seventh day after surgery. Resultsl:There was no statistically significant difference in the average values of P peak, P plat, and C dyn between the two groups during surgery (all P>0.05). After surgery, A-aDO 2 and RI in both groups increased compared to before surgery, while OI decreased compared to before surgery (all P<0.05); After surgery, A-aDO 2 and RI in the NL group decreased compared to the control group, while OI increased compared to the control group (all P<0.05); There was no statistically significant difference in PaCO 2 between the two groups before and after skin incision (all P>0.05). Compared with the 1st day before surgery, the CPIS and LUS in both groups were significantly increased on the 2nd and 7th day after surgery (all P<0.05); Compared with the second day after surgery, the CPIS and LUS of both groups of patients were significantly reduced on the seventh day after surgery (all P<0.05); On the second day after surgery, the CPIS and LUS in the NL group were significantly lower than those in the control group (all P<0.05); On the 7th day after surgery, the LUS of the NL group was significantly lower than that of the control group ( P<0.05); There was no statistically significant difference in CPIS scores between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Nebulized inhalation of lidocaine can reduce lung function damage in elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgery, and has a certain lung protective effect.

Balancing the risks and benefits of organophosphate pesticides(OPs)on human and environmental health relies partly on their accurate measurement.A highly sensitive fluorescence anti-quenching multi-residue bio-barcode immunoassay was developed to detect OPs(triazophos,parathion,and chlorpyrifos)in apples,turnips,cabbages,and rice.Gold nanoparticles were functionalized with monoclonal antibodies against the tested OPs.DNA oligonucleotides were complementarily hybridized with an RNA fluorescent label for signal amplification.The detection signals were generated by DNA-RNA hybridization and ribonuclease H dissociation of the fluorophore.The resulting fluorescence signal en-ables multiplexed quantification of triazophos,parathion,and chlorpyrifos residues over the concen-tration range of 0.01-25,0.01-50,and 0.1-50 ng/mL with limits of detection of 0.014,0.011,and 0.126 ng/mL,respectively.The mean recovery ranged between 80.3％and 110.8％with relative standard deviations of 7.3％-17.6％,which correlate well with results obtained by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS).The proposed bio-barcode immunoassay is stable,reproducible and reliable,and is able to detect low residual levels of multi-residue OPs in agricultural products.

Objective:To investigate the imaging features of pancreatic hypervascular tumors in computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations.Methods:The retrospective and descriptive study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 53 patients with pancreatic hypervascular tumors who were admitted to two medical centers, including 32 cases in the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University and 21 cases in the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, from March 2007 to February 2021 were collected. There were 21 males and 32 females, aged (48±23)years. Of the 53 patients, there were 19 cases with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (PNET), 9 cases with pancreatic metastasis from renal cell carcinoma (PRCC), 8 cases with solid pseudopapillary tumors of pancreas (SPTP), 7 cases with intrapancreatic accessory spleen (IPAS), 6 cases with serous cystadenoma of pancreas (SCP) and 4 cases with aneurysms. All the 53 patients underwent CT and MRI. Observation indicators: (1) imaging feature of PNET; (2) imaging feature of PRCC; (3) imaging feature of SPTP; (4) imaging feature of IPAS; (5) imaging feature of SCP; (6) imaging feature of aneurysms. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean±SD, and measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M(range). Count data were described as absolute numbers. Results:(1) Imaging feature of PNET: of the 19 cases with PNET, there were 1 case with Von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHLD), 8 cases with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) and 10 cases with neuroendocrine tumor (NET). Of the 19 cases, 16 cases had single tumor and 3 cases had 2 tumors, 9 cases had tumor located at head of pancreas and 10 cases had tumor located at body and tail of pancreas. Morphology of tumors in the 19 cases were mostly round or elliptical, with some shallow lobes and clear boundary. There were 4 cases with cluster-like calcifications in the center of tumors and 15 cases with no cluster-like calcification in the center of tumors. The tumor diameter of 19 cases was (26.7±10.3)mm. Of the 19 cases, 1 case underwent pancreatic atrophy and segmental expansion of the main pancreatic duct and 18 cases underwent no pancreatic atrophy or segmental expansion of the main pancreatic duct, 2 cases underwent dilated bile ducts and 17 cases underwent no dilated bile ducts. The enhance-ment mode of imaging examination of PNET was wash in and wash out. (2) Imaging feature of PRCC: Of the 9 cases with PRCC, 2 cases had single tumor and 7 cases had multiple tumors. Of the 2 cases with single tumor, 1 case had tumor located at neck of pancreas and 1 case had tumor located at body and tail of pancreas. All the 7 cases with multiple tumors had tumor located at head, neck, body and tail of pancreas. Morphology of tumors in the 9 cases were round or quasi-circular, with clear boundary. The tumor diameter were (18.0±5.0)mm of the 2 cases with single tumor and 2.0-50.0 mm of the 7 cases with multiple tumors, respectively. Of the 9 cases, 2 cases underwent pancreatic ducts dilatation and 7 cases underwent no pancreatic ducts dilatation. The enhancement mode of imaging examination of PRCC was wash in and wash out. (3) Imaging feature of SPTP: all 8 cases with SPTP had single tumor, including 4 cases with tumor located at head of pancreas and 4 cases with tumor located at body and tail of pancreas. Morphology of tumors in the 8 cases were lobulated with clear boundary. Of the 8 cases, there were 2 cases with no calcifications of tumors and 6 cases with calcification of tumors, 2 cases with no cystic necrosis of tumors and 6 cases with cystic necrosis of tumors, 3 cases with no bleeding in the tumors and 5 cases with bleeding in the tumors. The tumor diameter of 8 cases was (51.6±11.8)mm. All the 8 cases were negative for pancreatic ducts dilatation, but the adjacent organs were compressed and moved. The enhancement mode of imaging examination of SPTP was asymptotic enhancement. (4) Imaging feature of IPAS: all the 7 cases with IPAS had single tumor located at tail of pancreas. Morphology of tumors in the 7 cases were round or quasi-circular shape with clear boundary. Of the 7 cases, 1 case with solid-cystic and uneven density tumor was epidermoid cyst in the accessory spleen of the tail of the pancreas, and 6 cases had solid and uniform density tumors. The tumor diameter of 7 cases was (25.5±8.5)mm. All the 7 cases were negative for pancreatic ducts dilatation and the surrounding structures of pancreatic ducts were clear. The enhancement mode of imaging examination of IPAS was asymptotic enhancement. (5) Imaging feature of SCP: all 6 cases with SCP had single tumor, including 1 case with tumor located at neck of pancreas and 5 cases with tumor located at body and tail of pancreas. Morphology of tumors in the 6 cases were round or quasi-circular, with clear boundary. Of the 6 cases, 2 cases had cystic tumors and 4 cases had solid tumors. The tumor diameter of 6 cases was (35.5±15.4)mm. Of the 6 cases, 2 cases were positive for pancreatic ducts dilatation and 4 cases were negative for pancreatic ducts dilatation. The enhancement mode of imaging examination of SCP was wash in and wash out. (6) Imaging feature of aneurysms: all the 4 cases with aneurysms had single tumor, including 1 case with tumor located at body of pancreas and 3 cases with tumor located at tail of pancreas. One case with tumor located at body of pancreas was superior duodenal aneurysm and 3 cases with tumor located at tail of pancreas were splenic aneurysms. Morphology of tumors in the 4 cases were round, with clear boundary. Of the 4 cases, 1 case was negative for tumor marginal calcification and 3 cases were positive for tumor marginal calcification. The tumor diameter of 4 cases was (11.3±2.5)mm. All the 4 cases were negative for pancreatic ducts dilatation. The enhance-ment mode of imaging examination of aneurysms was wash in and wash out.Conclusions:The imaging features of pancreatic hypervascular tumors in CT and MRI examinations show diversity. The enhancement mode of imaging examination of PNET, PRCC, SCP and aneurysms is wash in and wash out. The enhancement mode of imaging examination of SPTP and IPAS is asymptotic enhancement.

Purpose: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is one of the most common liver primary tumors but its treatments are limited. Bioinformatics showed that the expression level of long non-coding RNA cancer-associated susceptibility 15 gene (CASC15) is correlated with ICC progression, but its functional mechanism remains unclear. Materials and Methods: Tissues from ICC patients, tumor and adjacent tissue, were used for detection of the expression of CASC15. Clinical data were also collected for clinicopathologic and survival analysis. Short interfering RNA and lentiviral short hairpin RNA were used to knock down CASC15 and PRDX2 expression in ICC cell lines, for the analysis of changes of cell function and xenografts. RNA-pulldown and RNA immunoprecipitation assays were used to detect RNA-binding protein, PRDX2. Male nude mice were used for ICC xenografts, and livers were collected after 4 weeks for immunohistochemistry. Results: CASC15 is highly expressed in ICC tissues and is related to higher TNM stage. Knockdown of CASC15 in ICC cells reduced cell proliferation, migration, invasiveness and increased apoptosis, and G1/S block. PRDX2 bound to CASC15. Knockdown of CASC15 decreased PRDX2 expression which was rescued by the inhibition of proteasome formation. Downregulation of PRDX2 resulted in G1/S block, reduced ICC cell invasion. Downregulation of CASC15 inhibited phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/c-Myc pathway through downregulating of PRDX2 and overexpressed PRDX2 rescued the block. CASC15 knockout in ICC xenografts suppressed tumor development in vivo, decreased the expression of PRDX2 and Ki67 and inhibited PI3K/AKT pathway. Conclusion CASC15 promotes ICC possibly by targeting PRDX2 via the PI3K/AKT pathway, indicating poor prognosis and high degree of malignancy of ICC.