Objective: To explore the effects of personality and sleep quality with psychological distress of junior and senior high school stduents, so as to provide a reference basis for precise interventions of junior and senior high school students mental health. Methods: In October 2023, a convenience sampling method was used to select 9 034 students aged 12-17 from Shiyan City as the study subjects. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) were used to collect information on sleep quality and psychological distress of junior and senior high school stduents. Between group comparison was conducted by using t-test and Chi-square test. Generalized linear models were employed to analyze the interaction and joint effects of personality and sleep quality on psychological distress. Results: The generalized linear model analysis showed that the interaction between personality and sleep quality on psychological distress was statistically significant of junior and senior high school students(effect size=0.80, P <0.01). The general linear model analysis indicated that, after adjusting for variables such as age, gender, screen time, and daily sitting time with the extroverted and good sleep quality group as the reference, the introverted and poor sleep quality group had the largest mean difference in psychological distress scores (difference=0.51, P <0.05). When stratified by sleep quality, psychological distress scores were higher in the introverted and neutral personality groups with both poor and good sleep quality compared to the extroverted group (poor sleep quality: introverted difference=3.71, neutral difference=1.14; good sleep quality: introverted difference=2.23, neutral difference=0.57, all P < 0.05). When stratified by personality, psychological distress scores were higher in the poor sleep quality groups for introverted, neutral, and extroverted individuals compared to their good sleep quality counterparts (differences=8.66, 7.83, 7.34, all P < 0.05 ). Conclusions Personality and sleep quality have interactive and joint effects on psychological distress of junior and senior high school stduents. Personalized psychological interventions should be developed based on personality and sleep quality.

Objective: To explore the relationship between serum homocysteine (Hcy), interleukin-5 (IL-5), folate and core symptoms in children with autism spectrum disorders, so as to provide potential biomarkers for early diagnosis and intervention of diseases. Methods: A total of 106 children with autism spectrum disorders and 106 healthy children with matched sex and age in Lu an People s Hospital were enrolled as autism group and healthy group between May 2020 to December 2023. On the day of admission, levels of serum Hcy, IL-5 and folate were detected. The core symptoms in autism group were evaluated by Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC), Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence-fourth edition(WPPSI-IV), Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) and Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS). The levels of serum Hcy, IL-5 and folate in the two groups were compared by t- test. The relationship between serum Hcy, IL-5, folate and core symptoms in children with autism spectrum disorders was determined by Pearson correlation analysis. Results: The levels of serum Hcy and IL-5 in autism group were (7.48±0.32) μmol/L and (345.77±32.51) pg/mL, higher than those in healthy group [(6.11±0.54) μmol/L, (274.04±25.17) pg/mL], while folate level was lower than that in healthy group [(15.24±3.47) ng/mL, (22.51±4.69) ng/mL], the differences were statistically significant ( t =22.47, 17.96, 12.83, all P < 0.05 ). In autism group, levels of serum Hcy and IL-5 were positively correlated with scores of ABC, CARS and SRS ( r =0.29, 0.53 , 0.54; 0.45, 0.41, 0.50), while negatively correlated with WPPSI-IV score ( r =-0.28, -0.26)(all P <0.05). The folate level was negatively correlated with scores of ABC, CARS and SRS ( r =-0.55, -0.40, -0.25), while positively correlated with WPPSI-IV score ( r =0.41) (all P <0.05). Conclusion Children with ASD show elevated serum Hcy and IL-5 alongside decreased folate,and three markers correlate with core symptoms and intellectual level.

Chronic liver disease is a general term for a variety of liver diseases， and its prevalence rate is increasing year by year. With the progression of the disease， patients may experience a variety of serious complications and even progress to liver failure. In recent years， a number of studies have revealed the association between ectopically colonized oral bacteria and chronic liver disease and explored their potential value in the diagnosis and treatment of chronic liver disease. This article systematically reviews the association of ectopically colonized oral bacteria with metabolic associated fatty liver disease， liver cirrhosis， and liver cancer and analyzes the mechanism for the influence of ectopically colonized oral bacteria on chronic liver disease， so as to provide a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic liver disease using ectopically colonized oral bacteria.

OBJECTIVE To explore the improvement effect and potential mechanism of modified Yanghe decoction on bone destruction in rats with breast cancer bone metastasis based on the receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 （RIPK1）/RIPK3 pathway. METHODS The rat model of breast cancer bone metastasis was established by injecting a suspension of breast cancer cells into the bone marrow cavity. The rats with successful modeling were randomly divided into a model group （intragastric administration of equal volume of normal saline）， modified Yanghe decoction low-， medium-， and high-dose groups （intragastric administration of corresponding decoction at 1.30， 2.60 and 5.20 g/kg， calculated by the dosage of crude drug）， high-dose modified Yanghe decoction+si-RIPK1 group （intragastric administration of corresponding decoction at 5.20 g/kg， calculated by the dosage of crude drug； simultaneous injection of small interfering RNA for RIPK1 via the tail vein）， and high-dose modified Yanghe decoction+si-NC group （intragastric administration of corresponding decoction at 5.20 g/kg， calculated by the dosage of crude drug； simultaneous injection of small interfering RNA for negative control via the tail vein）， with 12 rats in each group. Another 12 healthy rats were selected as the control group and were given the same volume of normal saline intragastrically， once a day， for 14 consecutive days. Body weight was measured before administration and at the end of the last administration. The mechanical pain threshold and thermal pain threshold were measured， and the bone destruction， pathological changes and osteoclast formation of the tibia were observed. The positive expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB （RANK） and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand （RANKL） in the tibial tissue， as well as the phosphorylation levels of RIPK1， RIPK3 and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein （MLKL） were detected. RESULTS Compared with the control group， the tumor cells of tibia tissues in rats of the model group showed significant proliferation and diffuse infiltration into the bone marrow cavity. Extensive areas of tumor necrosis of cells， severe bone destruction， thinning of the bone cortex， and damage to the bone trabeculae were observed. The body weight （before administration and at the end of the last administration）， mechanical pain threshold， thermal pain threshold， and the phosphorylation levels of RIPK1， RIPK3 and MLKL were decreased significantly； the tumor volume， the proportion of bone destruction area， the number of osteoclasts， and the positive expressions of RANK and RANKL were increased/up-regulated significantly （P＜0.05）. Compared with the model group， the above pathological changes in the tibial tissues of rats in modified Yanghe decoction low-， medium- and high-dose groups were all alleviated， and all quantitative indicators showed dose-dependent improvement （P＜0.05）. After silencing RIPK1， the aforementioned beneficial effects of high-dose modified Yanghe decoction were significantly weakened （P＜0.05）.CONCLUSIONSModified Yanghe decoction can alleviate bone destruction in rats with breast cancer bone metastasis. The above effect is related to the activation of the RIPK1/RIPK3 pathway.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the actual construction and operation status of established and under-construction centralized （cloud） prescription review centers （shortened for “prescription review center”） of close-knit county-level medical consortium in a certain city， so as to provide reference for improving the construction quality of the prescription review center. METHODS An online questionnaire survey was conducted to collect the data from 51 established and under-construction prescription review center in the city， covering basic information， funding sources， talent management， system construction， review rule maintenance， prescription review practices， prescription evaluation， data utilization， and current challenges. The collected data were summarized and analyzed. RESULTS A total of 51 valid questionnaires were retrieved， covering 32 established and 19 under-construction prescription review center. Among the 32 established prescription review centers， the main funding sources for their construction came from government financial allocations， accounting for 56.25%. Only 25.00% of prescription review center had review pharmacists who fully met national qualification requirements， and just 55.00% updated more than 10 review rule entries per month on average. Outpatient prescription verification realized full coverage， but 37.50% of prescription review centers only supported rationality verification of single prescriptions， and 50.00% could not retrieve laboratory and examination results to assist in prescription review. Additionally， 40.62% of prescription review center had not regularly conducted prescription evaluations for primary care institutions. The data from prescription review center was mainly used to support medication monitoring. Among the 19 prescription review centers currently in the planning stage， 63.16% had no identified funding sources. CONCLUSIONS The operation and construction of prescription review center in the city face challenges， such as funding shortages， absence of collaborative incentive mechanisms， and insufficient manpower.It is suggested that the state should issue a unified standard for the construction of the prescription review center as soon as possible， and local health administrative departments should formulate supporting policies and clarify assessment indicators in combination with the actual situation of the region.

AIM: To investigate the alterations in corneal aberration and relative refractive power following the reduction of back optic zone diameters(BOZD)of orthokeratology lenses.METHODS: Myopic children aged 8-12 years, deemed suitable and willing to wear orthokeratology lenses, were randomly allocated to wear lenses with a 6.0 mm BOZD or a 5.0 mm BOZD. Data collection included changes in higher-order aberrations, relative refractive power and the treatment zone diameter of the two groups after wearing lenses for 1 d, 1 wk, 1, and 3 mo. The correlation of increase in corneal higher-order aberrations with refractive power was analyzed.RESULTS: The increases in total higher-order aberrations, spherical aberrations and coma aberrations varied over time following lens wear(all P<0.001), and there were no statistically significant differences in the changes of total higher-order aberrations and coma aberrations between the two groups of patients(all P>0.05). A significant difference was observed in the increment of spherical aberrations in the 5 mm range between the two groups of patients, which varied over time(Ftime=40.179, Ptime<0.001; Fgroup=11.948, Pgroup=0.001; Finteraction=3.262, Pinteraction=0.03). A significant difference was observed in the increment of spherical aberrations in the 4 mm range between the two patient groups(Ftime=34.462, Ptime<0.001; Fgroup=13.094, Pgroup<0.001; Finteraction=1.372, Pinteraction=0.25). There was no statistically significant distinction in relative refractive power between the two groups(Fgroup=0.048, Pgroup=0.83; Finteraction=1.208, Pinteraction=0.31); however, relative refractive power changed over time(Ftime=40.030, Ptime<0.001). The difference in treatment zone diameter between the two groups was statistically significant, with changes over time(Ftime=11.212, Ptime<0.001; Fgroup=74.073, Pgroup<0.001; Finteraction=0.312, Pinteraction=0.82). The total higher-order aberrations, spherical aberrations, and coma aberrations in 4, 5 and 6 mm range showed a positive correlation with relative refractive power values(all P<0.001). Statistically significant difference was observed in the axial length between the two groups after wearing lenses for 3, 6 and 12 mo(Ftime=185.398, Ptime<0.001; Fgroup=5.618, Pgroup=0.02; Finteraction=2.315, Pinteraction=0.11).CONCLUSION: Orthokeratology lenses leaded to elevated higher-order aberrations. Orthokeratology lenses with smaller BOZD produced significantly greater spherical aberrations at 4 and 5 mm range and smaller treatment zone diameters. The corneal total higher-order aberration was positively correlated with relative refractive power. Wearing orthokeratology lenses with a smaller BOZD can cause slower axial growth and better myopia control.

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOCs) for cystic fibrosis (CF). Methods A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and SinoMed databases up to August 7, 2024. Studies that met the inclusion criteria were selected for data extraction and quality assessment. The quality of included studies was assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS), and the risk of bias and applicability of included prediction model studies were assessed by the prediction model risk of bias assessment tool (PROBAST). Results A total of 10 studies were included, among which 5 studies only identified specific exhaled VOCs in CF patients, and another 5 developed 7 CF risk prediction models based on the identification of VOCs in CF. The included studies reported a total of 75 exhaled VOCs, most of which belonged to the categories of acylcarnitines, aldehydes, acids, and esters. Most models (n=6, 85.7%) only included exhaled VOCs as predictive factors, and only one model included factors other than VOCs, including forced expiratory flow at 75% of forced vital capacity (FEF75) and modified Medical Research Council scale for the assessment of dyspnea (mMRC). The accuracy of the models ranged from 77% to 100%, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve ranged from 0.771 to 0.988. None of the included studies provided information on the calibration of the models. The results of the Prediction Model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool (PROBAST) showed that the overall bias risk of all predictive model studies was high, and the overall applicability was unclear. Conclusion The exhaled VOCs reported in the included studies showed significant heterogeneity, and more research is needed to explore specific compounds for CF. In addition, risk prediction models based on exhaled VOCs have certain value in the diagnosis of CF, but the overall bias risk is relatively high and needs further optimization from aspects such as model construction and validation.

Objective: To explore the impacts of coal mine dust on lung function in rats, so as to provide the basis for the early prevention and treatment of coal worker's pneumoconiosis. Methods: Seventy-two SPF-grade 8-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the coal dust group, the coal-silica dust group, the silica dust group and the control group. The rats in the first three groups of rats were administered 1 mL corresponding dust suspension into the lungs using non-exposure tracheal instillation, while the rats in the control group were administered 1 mL normal saline. Respiratory rate (f), forced vital capacity (FVC), peak expiratory flow (PEF) and dynamic pulmonary compliance (Cdyn) were measured at 1, 3 and 6 months after dust exposure. Lung tissues were collected to measure reactive oxygen species (ROS) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels using corresponding ELISA kits and ATP assay kits, respectively. The relative mRNA expressions of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) were detected using real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay. The relative protein expressions of PGC-1α and TFAM were detected using Western blotting. Results: There was no interaction between dust type and exposure duration on f (P>0.05), but there were interactions on FVC, PEF and Cdyn (all P<0.05). Compared with the control group at 6 months after dust exposure, the f of the rats in the silica dust group were increased, while the FVC and PEF of the rats in the coal-silica dust and silica dust groups were decreased, and Cdyn of the rats in the coal dust, coal-silica dust and silica dust groups were decreased (all P<0.05). There were interactions between dust type and exposure duration on ROS and ATP levels, the relative mRNA and protein expressions of PGC-1α and TFAM (all P<0.05). Compared with the control group at 3 and 6 months after dust exposure, the ROS levels in the rats in the coal dust, coal-silica dust and silica dust groups were increased, while the ATP levels, the relative mRNA and protein expressions of PGC-1α and TFAM were decreased (all P<0.05). Conclusion The lung function impairment in rats caused by different types of coal mine dust is related to PGC-1α-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis dysfunction, which leads to increased ROS levels, decreased ATP and TFAM levels.

During orthodontic treatment, clinical monitoring of patients is a crucial factor in determining treatment success. It aids in timely problem detection and resolution, ensuring adherence to the intended treatment plan. In recent years, digital technology has increasingly permeated orthodontic clinical diagnosis and treatment, facilitating clinical decision-making, treatment planning, and follow-up monitoring. This review summarizes recent advancements in digital technology for monitoring orthodontic tooth movement, related complications, and appliance-wearing compliance. It aims to provide insights for researchers and clinicians to enhance the application of digital technology in orthodontics, improve treatment outcomes, and optimize patient experience. The digitization of diagnostic data and the visualization of dental models make chair-side follow-up monitoring more convenient, accurate, and efficient. At the same time, the emergence of remote monitoring technology allows orthodontists to promptly identify oral health issues in patients and take corresponding measures. Furthermore, the multimodal data fusion method offers valuable insights into the monitoring of the root-alveolar relationship. Artificial intelligence technology has made initial strides in automating the identification of orthodontic tooth movement, associated complications, and patient compliance evaluation. Sensors are effective tools for monitoring patient adherence and providing data-driven support for clinical decision-making. The application of digital technology in orthodontic monitoring holds great promise. However, challenges like technical bottlenecks, ethical considerations, and patient acceptance remain.

Diabetic kidney disease （DKD） is a kidney disease caused by hyperglycemia，which is one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes. Due to the high incidence of diabetes，the incidence of DKD has also increased year by year，and DKD has become a global public health problem. The pathogenesis of DKD is related to mechanisms such as oxidative stress，inflammation，renal fibrosis，and decreased mitophagy activity，which are developed under a variety of complex mechanisms. In traditional Chinese medicine，it is believed that the incidence of DKD is closely related to damp heat. Therefore，it is necessary to grasp the treatment method of clearing heat and removing dampness in clinical medication. Huangkui Capsules （HKC） have the effect of clearing damp heat，detoxifying， and detumescence. Because of its unique curative effect on DKD，HKC is often used in the treatment of DKD. HKC plays a role in the treatment of DKD with a variety of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes. In many laboratory studies，it has been found that the specific mechanisms of HKC in the treatment of DKD include increasing mitophagy，reducing mitochondrial damage，reducing renal fibrosis，controlling inflammatory response，and inhibiting oxidative stress，which can achieve the purpose of reducing renal damage and promoting renal function. Some clinical studies have also verified that the application of HKC alone can exert renal protective function through anti-inflammatory，anti-oxidative stress，anti-renal fibrosis effects，as well as reduction of urinary protein. Since DKD is not a single injury of renal function，it is often accompanied by problems in blood pressure，blood lipids，blood circulation，body immunity， and other aspects. Therefore，the combination of HKC with other drugs can often achieve more comprehensive results，improve the advantages of various drugs，and improve the therapeutic effect. The combination of drugs such as antihypertensive，lipid-lowering， vascular circulation improvement，immunity inhibition，and anti-oxidative stress with HKC has achieved good results. In addition，HKC is often used in combination with other Chinese patent medicines in clinics. The application of HKC in the treatment of DKD has made some progress，but there are still many places worthy of further study，and the research on the mechanism of HKC is not comprehensive enough. The research on its long-term effect and safety in clinical application is relatively lacking，and the drug variety is relatively single when combined with certain drugs. These problems deserve further attention. Finally，it is necessary to pay attention to the promotion and application of HKC in clinical practice so that HKC can be better applied in clinical practice and better solve practical problems for patients.