Circadian rhythm refers to the 24-hour periodic changes in behavior, physiology, and molecular processes in the human body. Disruptions to the circadian rhythm not only affect mental health but are also associated with various metabolic disorders, including the regulation of bone and muscle metabolism. Research has shown that work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are influenced not only by workload but also by circadian rhythm factors, such as shift work. This review examined the relationships between circadian rhythm-related antecedents, outcomes, and WMSDs, exploring their shared metabolic markers and mechanisms. It provided a systematic overview of the intrinsic connection between circadian rhythm disruptions and WMSDs. While current studies highlight the impact of circadian rhythm disturbances on musculoskeletal disorders, further investigation is required to address the confounding factors involved. Future research should integrate chronobiology with both subjective and objective data to explore the pathway from environmental factors to intermediate phenotypes to diseases, ultimately providing a more comprehensive understanding of the network mechanisms underlying WMSDs.

On August 24 2024, Xiaoshan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou City, received a report of two cases of varicella infection among staff in the intensive care unit (ICU) of a hospital in its jurisdiction. The center immediately organized personnel to conduct an epidemiological investigation of the cases and their close contacts. The index case was a patient admitted to the ICU who had large areas of red rash and pustules on the chest, back, and right axilla. This case was diagnosed with herpes zoster by a dermatology consultation within the hospital. The other nine secondary cases were all nursing staff in the ICU, who were clinically diagnosed with varicella between August 21 and September 1, with an attack rate of 14.06%. All secondary varicella cases had a history of contact with the herpes zoster case and no history of varicella infection. Their varicella vaccination history was unknown. Based on the results of the on-site epidemiological and sanitary investigations, it was determined that this was an outbreak of varicella in the hospital caused by a herpes zoster case. After the last case was diagnosed, no new cases were reported within the longest incubation period (21 days), and the outbreak was declared over on September 21. Close contact with the herpes zoster case was likely the main cause of the outbreak. This highlights the need for early identification and isolation of suspected herpes zoster cases in hospitals in the future, as well as enhanced protective measures to prevent nosocomial infections.

Humans ; Nutrition Assessment ; Prognosis ; Silicosis/prevention & control* ; Occupational Diseases ; China/epidemiology* ; Occupational Exposure ; Silicon Dioxide

OBJECTIVE To prepare Lonicerae japonicae flavonoids liposome membrane （LFLM）， and to study the mechanism of its anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus （MRSA）. METHODS L. japonicae flavonoids liposome （LFL） were prepared by ethanol injection with phospholipids and cholesterol as carriers. LFLM was prepared by loading LFL in mixed membranes of chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol. The particle size of LFL， polydispersity index （PDI） and release rate of LFLM were measured. A control group， LFLM low-concentration group （2.5 mg/mL）， LFLM-medium concentration group （5 mg/mL）， LFLM high-concentration group （10 mg/mL）， positive group （10 μg/mL vancomycin）， and combination therapy group （10 mg/mL LFLM and 10 μg/mL vancomycin） were set up. The effects of LFLM on MRSA colony formation and survival as well as the formation of MRSA biofilm were evaluated. The contents of K+， Mg2+， lactic dehydrogenase （LDH）， and alkaline phosphatase （AKP） in the supernatant of MRSA were determined. mRNA expressions of mecA and mecR1 in MRSA were determined. RESULTS The particle size of LFL was （80.91±3.96） nm， and the PDI was 0.26±0.07. The release rate of LFLM was 55% within 12 h and 73% within 36 h. Compared with the control group， the number of MRSA colony formation decreased significantly in LFLM medium-concentration and high-concentration groups， and the positive group （P＜0.05）. The ratio of dead to live bacteria， biofilm inhibition rate， and the contents of K+， Mg2+， LDH and AKP were increased significantly （P＜0.05）， while the mRNA expressions of mecA and mecR1 were decreased significantly （P＜0.05）. The combination of LFLM and vancomycin further enhanced the anti-MRSA effect. CONCLUSIONS LFLM is prepared successfully in the study and has good drug release characteristics. LFLM can exert anti-MRSA activity by promoting cell wall and membrane damage， and suppressing the mRNA expression of mecA and mecR1.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of Guanyuan Mingmen Sequential Acupuncture on rats with premature ovarian insufficiency(POI)model.Methods Female SD rats were divided into the blank group,the model group,the protein kinase A(PKA)inhibitor(H89)+acupuncture group,and the acupuncture group,with 12 rats in each group.Except for the blank group,the POI model was prepared by gavage with Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets in the other three groups of rats.After the model was successfully established,the blank group and the model group were bundled once a day;in the acupuncture group,Guanyuan(RN4)point was taken during the intermotility period,and in the pre-motility period,Mingmen(DU4)point was taken;in the H89+acupuncture group,the intervention was performed in accordance with the acupuncture protocol of the acupuncture group,and H89 was injected intraperitoneally for 30 minutes prior to each acupuncture session.Continuous intervention was performed for 20 days.Samples were taken from each group of rats in the first estrus period and in proestrus period after intervention.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to measure the levels of follicle stimulating hormone(FSH)and estradiol(E2)during the estrous phase,Western Blot was used to measure the protein expressions of follicle stimulating hormone receptor(FSHR)and aromatase P450(P450arom)during the estrous phase,and the activity of granulocytes during the estrous phase and the proestrus phase were measured using the cell-counting kit 8(CCK-8)method.The immunohistochemistry method was used to detect the protein expression of pre-motility proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA).Results(1)Compared with the blank group,the serum FSH level of the model group and H89+acupuncture group was significantly increased(P＜0.01),and the E2 level was significantly decreased(P＜0.001);there was no difference between the FSH level of the H89+acupuncture group and that of the model group(P＞0.05),and the E2 level of the H89+acupuncture group was lower than that of the model group(P＜0.05);the FSH level of the acupuncture group was lower than that of the model group and that of the H89+acupuncture group(P＜0.05),had no difference with the blank group(P＞0.05),E2 level was significantly higher than the model group and H89+ acupuncture group(P＜0.01),still being lower than the blank group(P＜0.05).(2)The protein expressions of FSHR and P450arom in the model group and H89 + acupuncture group was lower than those in the blank group;the protein expression of FSHR in the H89 + acupuncture group was not different from that in the model group(P＞0.05),while the protein expression level of P450arom was lower than that in the model group(P＜0.05);the protein expression levels of FSHR and P450arom in the acupuncture group were higher than those in the model group and H89 + acupuncture group,but still lower than those in the blank group(P＜0.05).(3)Both GCs activity and average optical density value of PCNA in the model group and H89+acupuncture group were lower than the blank group(P＜0.05);both GCs activity and average optical density value of PCNA in the H89+acupuncture group were lower than the model group(P＜0.05);the activity of GCs and average optical density value of PCNA of the acupuncture group were significantly higher than that of the model group and H89+acupuncture group(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Conclusion Guanyuan Mingmen Sequential Acupuncture can regulate sex hormone levels,increase GCs activity and promote GCs cell proliferation by up-regulating protein expressions of follicle stimulating hormone receptor(FSHR)/cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)/protein kinase A(PKA)pathway FSHR,P450arom,thus improving POI.

Objective To investigate the mutation types of colorectal neuroendocrine tumors(NETs)and better un-derstand the pathogenesis of colorectal nets.Methods Patients undergoing colorectal NETs surgery were recruited,colorectal NETs and corresponding adjacent cancerous tissues were collected,and whole genome sequencing(WGS)was performed and further deeply analyzed.Results WGS sequencing showed that the mutation types of colorectal NETs included single nucleotide mutations,insertion and deletion mutations(InDel,less than 50 bp in length),copy number variations(CNV),and large structural variations(SV,more than 50 bp in length),such as insertion(INS),deletion(DEL),intra chromosomal translocation(ITX),inter chromosomal translocation(CTX)and inversion(INV).Conclusions A large number of somatic mutations occur in colorectal NETs,especially chro-mosome translocation

BACKGROUND:In clinical application,the therapeutic effect of transcranial magnetic stimulation depends on the ability to accurately target the areas of the brain that need to be stimulated.In recent years,with the development of neuronavigation systems,mobile augmented reality technology,and the new methods of processing magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)data,the accuracy of stimulus target localization and the optimization of target selection are expected to improve further. OBJECTIVE:To review the principle of MRI-based image navigation and its application in transcranial magnetic stimulation and summarize the roles of different modal MRI data analyses in guiding the selection of target areas for transcranial magnetic stimulation. METHODS:An online computer search for relevant literature was performed in PubMed,CNKI database and WanFang database,with the keywords"transcranial magnetic stimulation,coil positioning,neuronavigation,augmented reality,magnetic resonance,theory."Finally,63 documents were included for review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Among the traditional methods of positioning transcranial magnetic stimulation coils,the"5 cm rule"and the international electroencephalogram 10-20 positioning method are the most commonly used.These methods have the advantages of simplicity and economy,but they rely too much on the operator's experience and there were technical differences between operators.The neuronavigation system,which is based on stereotactic technology,is the guiding method for positioning transcranial magnetic stimulation coils with the highest visual degree and accuracy.It achieves visual positioning through MRI data acquisition,3D brain reconstruction,head model registration and stereogeometric positioning.It has high application value in clinical treatment and scientific research,but it cannot be promoted in medical institutions due to its high cost.For various medical institutions,mobile augmented reality is a cost-effective and efficient alternative to the neuronavigation system,which achieves visual positioning of brain tissue under the scalp through MRI data acquisition,2D/3D image construction,virtual image and real brain image superposition.It has the advantages of directly visualization and low cost,and is expected to be popularized and applied in primary medical units.Although the superiority of clinical efficacy of visual coil positioning over the electroencephalogram 10-20 localization strategy has not yet been fully demonstrated,with the progress of brain MRI data analysis,visual positioning is expected to further optimize the target selection strategy of transcranial magnetic stimulation therapy and to improve the response rate and individuation degree of transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment.This is a promising and challenging research direction in the future.

Experiential teaching is a practical, reflective, and situational teaching method. Based on the systematic review of literature published worldwide, this paper summarizes the characteristics and organizational forms of experiential teaching, with a focus on its current application and existing problems in teaching geriatric nursing. This review provides suggestions for the reform of teaching methods of geriatric nursing in China.

Objective:To explore genes related to costimulatory molecule related to the prognosis of bladder cancer,and to construct and evaluate prognosis model based on costimulatory molecule-based signature(CMS).Methods:Gene expression matrix and clinical information of bladder cancer patients were downloaded from TCGA database and GEO database(GSE31684),and costimulatory molecule-related genes were retrieved from the literature.The univariate and multivariate Cox analysis were used to screened prognostic-related genes and constructed prognostic model.Forecast accuracy of model was verified in TCGA training group,TCGA validation data group and GEO group by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC).Considering risk score and clinical characteristics,we constructed a nomogram and evaluated its performance by consistency analysis and ROC.CIBERSORT algorithm was used to analyze immune cell composition of tumor microenvironment infiltration,and gene set enrichment analysis(GSEA)was performed to explore the potential mechanism.Results:Four prognostic-related CMSs were found:TNFRSF14,CD276,ICOS and TMIGD2,of which three were included in the risk score construction.Multivariate Cox regression results showed that the risk score based on CMS was an independent prognostic factor for bladder cancer patients.Consistency analysis and ROC results showed that the nomogram had ideal prognosis prediction accuracy.Immune infiltration analysis showed that the high risk group was likely to be in immunosuppressive state.GSEA results suggested that genes in high risk group were enriched in extracel-lular matrix(ECM)receptors interaction,cell cycle and other pathways.Conclusion:TNFRSF14,CD276 and ICOS may be potential prognostic biomarkers for bladder cancer patients.CMS-based risk score and nomogram could contribute to early prognosis and choice of personalized treatment.

AIM To study the chemical constituents and their anti-inflammatory activities of stems and leaves of Lonicera confusa DC.METHODS The 80%methanol extract from stems and leaves of L.confusa DC was isolated and purified by Diaion HP20SS,Sephadex LH-20,HSCCC and preparative HPLC,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.Their anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated by measuring NO production of LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells in vitro.RESULTS Thirteen compounds were isolated and identified as benzyl alcohol-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 →6)-β-D-glucopyranoside(1),sweroside(2),epi-vogeloside(3),vogeloside(4),secologanoside(5),secoxyloganin(6),secologanin dimethyl acetal(7),methyl chlorogenate(8),apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(9),luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(10),rhoifolin(11),luteolin-7-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside(12),and lonicerin(13).Compounds 2-8,11-13 inhibited the NO production of LPS-induced cells.CONCLUSION Compound 1 is first isolated from family Lonicera,compounds 3,5,7,9,11,and 12 are obtained from the stems and leaves of this plant for the first time.Compounds 2-8,11-13 exhibited anti-inflammatory activities.