Antibody-drug conjugates （ADCs） are a novel class of anti-tumor agents composed of a targeted monoclonal antibody， a cytotoxic drug， and a linker connecting the two. They combine the high specificity of antibodies with the potent cytotoxicity of chemotherapeutic agents. Triple-negative breast cancer （TNBC） is characterized by high aggressiveness， elevated risks of recurrence and metastasis， and poor prognosis， largely due to the lack of effective therapeutic targets. This review summarizes the research progress of ADCs in the treatment of TNBC. It has been found that ADCs targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 （such as trastuzumab deruxtecan）， trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 （such as sacituzumab govitecan and datopotamab deruxtecan）， zinc transporter LIV-1 （such as ladiratuzumab vedotin）， HER-3 （such as patritumab deruxtecan）， epidermal growth factor receptor （such as AVID100）， and glycoprotein non-metastatic melanoma protein B （such as glembatumumab vedotin） have all demonstrated promising therapeutic effects against TNBC. Despite challenges including acquired resistance and treatment-related toxicities， ADCs are undoubtedly reshaping the therapeutic landscape for TNBC and are expected to occupy a more central position in TNBC treatment in the future.

Objective: To compare the predictive performance of the seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) model, the Prophet model, and the Bayesian structural time series (BSTS) model in forecasting the incidence of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) , so as to provide a basis for optimizing the early warning system of this disease. Methods: Weekly incidence data of HFMD in Longgang District, Shenzhen City from 2014 to 2024 were collected. The HFMD incidence data from 2014-2019 and 2023 were used as the training set to construct SARIMA, Prophet, and BSTS models, while the data from 2024 were used as the test set to compare and evaluate the predictive performance of the three models. The technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) method was employed to calculate the C-value. This approach integrates multiple evaluation metrics, such as the mean absolute error (MAE), mean squared error (MSE), root mean squared error (RMSE), and symmetric mean absolute percentage error (SMAPE), to comprehensively assess model performance. Results: A total of 150 111 cases of HFMD were reported in Longgang District from 2014 to 2024, with an average annual incidence of 400.72/105. The weekly incidence fluctuated between 0 and 63.78/105, exhibiting a bimodal seasonal pattern characterized by a primary peak from May to July and a secondary peak from September to October. In the training set, all three models demonstrated a good fit to the bimodal epidemic trend of HFMD, with the BSTS model achieving the best fit. The BSTS model yielded performance metrics as follows: MAE=0.124, MSE=0.050, RMSE=0.223, SMAPE=0.021, and a C-value of 1.000. In the test set, all three models, including SARIMA, Prophet, and BSTS, performed well for short-term predictions (≤16 weeks), with the Prophet model showing relatively superior predictive performance. However, the prediction accuracy of all models declined as the forecast horizon extended. During the primary peak period (May-July), the Prophet model exhibited better predictive performance, whereas the BSTS model performed relatively better during the secondary peak period (September-October). Conclusions For the short-term forecasting of weekly HFMD incidence, the Prophet model outperformed both the SARIMA and BSTS models. During the primary peak period, the Prophet model demonstrated superior predictive performance, whereas the BSTS model exhibited better accuracy in forecasting the secondary peak period.

Objective: To explore the intervention effects of different exercise modalities on executive function in school aged children, providing references for formulating exercise prescriptions to promote school aged children executive function. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP and CBM to identify studies on the effects of exercises on executive function in school aged children. The search period spanned from the database inception to August 2025. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and evaluated the risk of bias of the included studies. Network Meta analysis was performed using Stata 16.0. Results: A total of 51 studies involving 5 710 school aged children and seven modalities of exercises(control group,small ball sports,large ball sports,aerobic exercise,combined exercise,sport game,gymnastic and dance sports) were finally included. Network Meta analysis showed that, in terms of inhibitory control development of school aged children, small ball sports ( SMD =-0.98,95% CI =-1.32 to -0.64 ), large ball sports ( SMD =-0.64,95% CI =-0.91 to -0.36), and mixed sports ( SMD =-0.26,95% CI =-0.50 to -0.02]) were more effective than the control group; in terms of working memory, largeball sports ( SMD =-1.26,95% CI =-1.88 to -0.65) and small ball sports ( SMD =-0.91,95% CI =-1.64 to -0.19) were superior to the control group; in terms of improving cognitive flexibility, large ball sports ( SMD =-1.02,95% CI =-1.28 to -0.76), gymnastics and dance sports ( SMD =-0.80,95% CI =-1.21 to -0.40), and small ball sports ( SMD =-0.75,95% CI =-1.15 to -0.36) were more effective than the control group (all P <0.05). Surface under cumulative ranking curve(SUCRA) showed that small ball sports had the highest value (SUCRA=98.9%) in improving inhibitory control, while large ball sports achieved the highest score(SUCRA=92.6%) in enhancing working memory, and large ball sports also had the highest value(SUCRA=94.7%) in promoting cognitive flexibility. Conclusions For developing inhibitory control in school aged children, small ball sports are recommended as a priority. For enhancing working memory and cognitive flexibility, large ball sports are recommended.

Objective To implement the disease prevention and control strategy of being ^"proactive and grassroots-focused,^" and to enhance the overall effectiveness of general hospitals in the tertiary prevention of cervical cancer, this consensus aims to provide an actionable guiding framework for the standardized construction of ^"Integrated Outpatient Clinics for Cervical Cancer Prevention and Control^" in general hospitals at all levels. Methods This consensus systematically elaborates on the specific elements for establishing such integrated clinics and formulates the corresponding standards. Results It is anticipated that the consensus will promote the establishment of standardized, homogeneous, and high-efficiency frontline positions for cervical cancer prevention and control within general hospitals, thereby contributing to the strategic vision of accelerating the elimination of cervical cancer. Conclusion The formulation and promotion of the consensus aim to provide robust clinical practice support for accelerating the realization of China's strategic vision of eliminating cervical cancer.

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of varicella among nursery children in Shenzhen from 2015 to 2024, and to evaluate the impact of optimizing varicella vaccine (VarV) immunization strategies on varicella incidence. Methods: Varicella incidence data for nursery children in Shenzhen from 2015 to 2024 were obtained from the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System. The study period was divided into three phases:one dose self pay VarV (January 2015 to October 2017), two dose self pay VarV (November 2017 to October 2019), and two dose free VarV (November 2019 to December 2024). Interrupted time series (ITS) analysis was conducted to assess changes in the level and trend of varicella incidence associated with each phase of policy implementation. Results: A total of 27 517 varicella cases was reported among nursery children from 2015 to 2024, with an average annual incidence of 514.01/100 000. During the same period, 136 clustered outbreaks were reported in nursery institutions, involving a cumulative total of 1 091 cases. ITS analysis showed that during the self pay 1 dose stage, the varicella incidence among nursery children showed an upward trend, with an average monthly increase of 2.58/100 000 (95% CI =2.21/ 100 000 -2.95/100 000, P <0.01). After the implementation of the self pay 2 dose strategy, the incidence decreased, with a change in incidence of -26.12/100 000 (95% CI =-37.30/100 000 to -14.94/100 000) and a change in slope of -2.65/100 000 (95% CI = -3.38/100 000 to -1.93/100 000)(all P <0.01). After the implementation of the free 2 dose strategy, the incidence decreased further, with a change in incidence of -40.03/100 000 (95% CI =-50.39/100 000 to -29.66/100 000, P <0.01) and a change in slope of -0.56/100 000 (95% CI =-1.20/100 000-0.08/100 000, P =0.09). Conclusion The gradual optimization of the VarV vaccination strategy in Shenzhen from self pay 1 dose to free 2 dose has significantly reduced the varicella incidence among nursery children, demonstrating good short term control and long term intervention effectiveness.

Objective: To analyze the compliance status of physical fitness indicator and lifestyle characteristics among secondary vocational school students, as well as their associations, so as to provide a reference for physical fitness promotion among secondary vocational school students. Methods: Using a convenience sampling method, a questionnaire survey and physical fitness tests were conducted from September to December 2024 among 5 141 secondary vocational school students recruited from 16 secondary vocational schools across 8 provinces/municipalities in China, including Fujian, Chongqing, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hubei, Jiangxi, Shanghai and Zhejiang. Data on lifestyle factors were collected using a self designed questionnaire combined with standardized scales, including dietary habits, unhealthy behaviors, and 24 hour behaviors (physical activity, screen time, and sleep behavior). Multivariable Logistic regression model was used to analyze the associations of individual lifestyle behaviors and clustering of unhealthy lifestyle behaviors with non-compliance in physical fitness indicators among secondary vocational school students. Results: The compliance rates for waist circumference, vital capacity, grip strength, standing long jump, 30 second sit ups, 20 meter shuttle run, 50 meter dash, sit and reach, 20 second side steps among secondary vocational school students were 55.9%, 89.6%, 81.8%, 79.4%, 77.8%, 61.4%, 87.0%, 12.6%, and 63.5%, respectively, with a non-overweight/obesity rate of 78.9%. The reporting rates of daily breakfast consumption, milk consumption, and vegetable consumption were 58.9%, 18.3%, and 37.5%, respectively. The reporting rates of frequent takeout consumption, frequent sugar sweetened beverage consumption, smoking, alcohol drinking, insufficient moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), excessive screen time, and insufficient sleep were 30.0%, 43.8%, 8.4%, 15.8%, 42.9%, 90.8%, and 42.6%, respectively. Multivariable Logistic regression analysis showed that secondary vocational school students with insufficient MVPA had higher risks of non-compliance in vital capacity, grip strength, standing long jump, 30 second sit ups, 20 meter shuttle run, 50 meter dash, and 20 second side steps ( OR =1.22- 1.60 ); secondary vocational school students who consumed breakfast daily had lower risks of non-compliance in vital capacity and overweight/obesity ( OR =0.81, 0.85); daily vegetable consumption was associated with a lower risk of vital capacity non-compliance ( OR =0.72); frequent takeout consumption was associated with an increased risk of non-compliance in the sit and reach test ( OR =1.28); smoking was associated with increased risks of non-compliance in the 20 meter shuttle run and 20 second side steps ( OR =1.38, 1.58) (all P <0.05). Regarding the clustering of unhealthy behaviors, secondary vocational school students with 4- 5 clustered unhealthy behaviors had higher risks of non-compliance in waist circumference and standing long jump; those with≥6 clustered behaviors had higher risks of non-compliance in standing long jump, 20 meter shuttle run, and 20 second side step ( OR = 1.17-1.36, all P <0.05). Conclusions The clustering of unhealthy behaviors is negatively associated with physical fitness status among secondary vocational school students. Secondary vocational schools should prioritize the promotion of comprehensive lifestyle management to improve the physical fitness levels of secondary vocational school students.

This study explores methodological issues in the design， evaluation， and reporting of randomized controlled trials （RCTs） under the concept of "syndrome dominating disease". The discussion focuses on key aspects including the adaptability of trial design， the screening of research participants， the standardization of syndrome differentiation， the balance between intervention individualization and standardization， the integration of multi-dimensional outcome measures， and the limitations of existing evaluation and reporting tools when applied to this type of research， along with corresponding recommendations and future perspectives. Regarding research design， it is recommended to select or draw upon innovative design concepts such as basket trials and subgroup-based dynamic/static parallel-group designs， in order to innovate the design format of RCTs. Meanwhile， criteria for participant screening， TCM syndrome differentiation， and disease classification should be standardized. The balance should be appropriately achieved between intervention individualization and standardization， and a multidimensional assessment system encompassing TCM syndromes， disease-specific outcomes， and patient-reported outcomes should be established. For risk of bias assessment and research reporting， it is recommended，to develop specialized assessment and reporting tools based on existing instruments， in order to standardize the assessment and reporting of study findings. Future research may further explore the potential applications of artificial intelligence in the study design， risk-of-bias assessment， and reporting quality assessment of RCTs based on the "syndrome dominating disease" model， with a particular focus on methodological optimization， data integration， and enhancement of research quality.

This study explores methodological issues in the design， evaluation， and reporting of randomized controlled trials （RCTs） under the concept of "syndrome dominating disease". The discussion focuses on key aspects including the adaptability of trial design， the screening of research participants， the standardization of syndrome differentiation， the balance between intervention individualization and standardization， the integration of multi-dimensional outcome measures， and the limitations of existing evaluation and reporting tools when applied to this type of research， along with corresponding recommendations and future perspectives. Regarding research design， it is recommended to select or draw upon innovative design concepts such as basket trials and subgroup-based dynamic/static parallel-group designs， in order to innovate the design format of RCTs. Meanwhile， criteria for participant screening， TCM syndrome differentiation， and disease classification should be standardized. The balance should be appropriately achieved between intervention individualization and standardization， and a multidimensional assessment system encompassing TCM syndromes， disease-specific outcomes， and patient-reported outcomes should be established. For risk of bias assessment and research reporting， it is recommended，to develop specialized assessment and reporting tools based on existing instruments， in order to standardize the assessment and reporting of study findings. Future research may further explore the potential applications of artificial intelligence in the study design， risk-of-bias assessment， and reporting quality assessment of RCTs based on the "syndrome dominating disease" model， with a particular focus on methodological optimization， data integration， and enhancement of research quality.

Objective: To reveal the molecular basis of the cisAB (p. Met266Leu) glycosyltransferase by studying a proband with cisAB subtype and his family. Methods: A male newborn was selected as the research subject. Tube methods were used to identify ABO blood types of the proband and his family members. PCR-SSP detection, ABO gene sequencing, and cloning analysis were performed on the proband and some family members. The inheritance pattern of the subtype gene in the family was determined through pedigree analysis. Homology modeling was used to analyze the impact of amino acid variations on the structure of the transferase, and molecular docking was used to demonstrate the bifunctional activity of the transferase and the donor-receptor binding conformation. Results: Serological tests showed that the proband and his father had enhanced anti-H agglutination, and the grandmother had a forward and reverse discrepancy. Sequencing of the proband revealed heterozygous variations of c. 297A>G, c. 526C>G, c. 657C>T, c. 703G>A, c. 803G>C, and c. 930G>A compared with A1. 01 (compared with B. 01, lacking the c. 796C>A variation, namely harboring the c. 796A>C variation) and c. 261delG. Combined with cloning analysis, the proband's genotype was determined to be ABO cisAB (c. 796A>C)/ABO O. 01. 01, the father's genotype was ABO cisAB (c. 796A>C)/ABO O. 01. 02, and the grandmother's genotype was ABO cisAB (c. 796A>C)/ABO B102. Pedigree analysis indicated that the cisAB allele in this newborn was inherited from his father and grandmother rather than a natural mutation. Homology modeling showed that the side chain orientation and intermolecular forces of Leu266 in the cisAB (p. Met266Leu) transferase changed, and molecular docking demonstrated that the "binding pocket" of the active center of the variant enzyme could accommodate both UDP-GalNAc and UDP-Gal, indicating that the cisAB enzyme structure has bifunctional activity. Conclusion: The bifunctional activity of this cisAB (p. Met266Leu) enzyme is related to the nucleotide variation of c. 796A>C, and molecular docking indicates that the enzyme has dual affinity for A/B sugar donors.

Objective:To investigate effective strategies to reduce the high risk of recurrence after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT)in patients with minimal residual disease(MRD)-positive B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia(B-ALL).Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed for ten B-ALL patients with positive MRD before transplantation at our center from November 2022 to November 2024.There were four male patients and six female patients,with a median age of 30(7-56)years.Of all patients,four received transplantation from unrelated donors,and six received haploidentical transplantation from relatives.All ten patients received blinatumomab(28 μg/day for 14 days for patients≥45 kg;5 μg/m2/day for 14 days for patients<45 kg)and were bridged to the conditioning regimen for allo-HSCT within 7 days.Results:After treatment with blinatumomab,all ten patients achieved the clearance of MRD.After allo-HSCT,100%of the patients achieved donor hematopoietic reconstitution.The median time to neutrophil reconstitution was 12(9-22)days,and the median time to platelet reconstitution was 13.5(9-22)days.As of January 2025,the median observation time was 14(2-26)months;of all patients,two experienced recurrence,and one had positive MRD again,with a recurrence rate of 20%.Among the ten patients,nine survived and one died of disease recurrence.One patient achieved complete re-mission again after chimeric antigen receptor T-cell(CAR-T)therapy following recurrence,and the patient with positive MRD achieved the clearance of MRD again after interleukin-2 treatment;both patients were currently alive.During treatment,one patient developed cytokine release syndrome,one patient was comorbid with SARS-CoV-2 infection,one patient had herpes zoster and viral encephalitis,three patients developed grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ acute graft-versus-host disease,and four patients developed chronic graft-versus-host disease;no transplantation-associated thrombotic microangiopathy was observed.Conclusion:For patients with MRD-positive B-ALL,blinatumomab as a bridge therapy for allo-HSCT can significantly reduce recurrence after transplantation,with fewer complica-tions that are easy to control.Multicenter randomized controlled clinical studies can be performed to further verify its efficacy and safety.