3D printing technology plays a vital role in orthopedic teaching. This review summarizes the current applications of 3D printing technology in this field. By generating highly realistic personalized anatomical models, 3D printing overcomes the limitations associated with traditional teaching such as resource scarcity and ethical concerns, and offers a more authentic and detailed anatomical learning experience. It not only enables students to repeatedly practice in surgical simulations, thus enhancing their practical skills and confidence, but also promotes personalized teaching tailored to the diverse learning needs of students. This article reviews future development directions, aiming to provide a reference for the reform of orthopedic teaching.

3D printing technology plays a vital role in orthopedic teaching. This review summarizes the current applications of 3D printing technology in this field. By generating highly realistic personalized anatomical models, 3D printing overcomes the limitations associated with traditional teaching such as resource scarcity and ethical concerns, and offers a more authentic and detailed anatomical learning experience. It not only enables students to repeatedly practice in surgical simulations, thus enhancing their practical skills and confidence, but also promotes personalized teaching tailored to the diverse learning needs of students. This article reviews future development directions, aiming to provide a reference for the reform of orthopedic teaching.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of the urine micro albumin(MA)and urine enzyme detections in early renal injury in children with allergic purpura.Methods 120 patients with allergic purpura were chosen as the research sub-jects and divided into the early renal injury group and non-renal injury group according to whether having the renal injury.Contem-poraneous 40 healthy children were chosen as the healthy control group.The urine MA and urine enzyme levels were detected and compared among the various groups.Results MA was (17.5 ±3.8)mg/L in the study group,transferring(TRF)was (0.56 ± 0.34)mg/L,β2-MG was (0.35 ±0.07 )mg/L,NAG was (18.6 ±5.1 )U/g,which were significantly higher than those in the healthy control group,the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05 );in the early renal injury group,MA was (42.1 ± 21.3)mg/L,TRF was (1.65±0.54)mg/L,β2-MG was (0.43±0.06)mg/L and NAG was (23.1±5.12)U/L,which were signif-icantly higher than those in the non-renal injury group,the differences had statistically significance (P <0.05).Conclusion The de-tection of urine MA and urine enzyme can be used as the indexes for monitoring the early renal injury in children with allergic pur-pura,and is conducive to early discovery,in time intervention and reduce the occurrence of complications.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of combined detection of serum cardiac troponin T (cTnT ) ,N-termi-nal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP) and myoglobin(Myo) in acute myocardial infarction diagnosis .Methods 440 pa-tients with main symptoms of acute chest pain were enrolled and divided into AMI group and non-AMI group ,and 220 healthy peo-ple were served as the control group .BECKMAN COULTER Access 2 automated chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay analyzer was employed to detect their serum NT-proBNP ,cTnT and Myo concentrations .Results The serum concentrations of NT-proBNP ,cTnT and Myo of patients with AMI were (3 546 .12 ± 220 .95) pg/mL ,(0 .13 ± 0 .02)μg/L and (88 .12 ± 14 .27)μg/L , respectively ,which were significantly higher than those in non-AMI group and the control group(P<0 .05) .Areas under the curve (AUC) of receiver operator characteristic(ROC) of NT-proBNP ,cTnT and Myo detection were 0 .809 ,0 .851 and 0 .749 ,respec-tively ,and the ROC curve AUC of cTnT detection was markedly higher than that of Myo (P<0 .05) .The sensitivity ,specificity and diagnostic accuracy of combined detection of NT-proBNP ,cTnT and Myo were 0 .957 ,0 .950 and 0 .948 ,respectively ,which was significantly higher than those in combined detection of any two kinds of indicators (P<0 .05) .Conclusion Combined detection of serum NT-proBNP ,cTnT and Myo can improve the sensitivity ,specificity and diagnostic accuracy in AMI diagnosis .

Objective To investigate the expression of lipoprotein(a)and fibrinogen different genders of patients with coronary heart disease(CHD)and its clinical significance.Methods 1 500 patients with CHD in the hospital from January 2009 to December 2013 were selected as the observation group,including 954 males and 546 females.Contemporaneous 500 healthy people with physi-cal examination were selected as the control group,including 329 males and 171 females.The myocardial enzymes,serum lipid,blood coagulation function and various proteins were detected.Results Whether males or females,CK,CKMB,AST,LDH,α-HBDH, TC,TG,LDL-C,Fib,D-D,TT,FDP,LPa,cTnI,MYO and HCY in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group.HDL-C,APTT,INR and PT in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group.The differences were statistically significant(P <0.05 ).Conclusion Whether males or females,the different degrees of abnormal ex-pression of myocardial enzyme spectral indexes,blood lipid indexes,coagulation indexes,apolipoprotein,troponin,myoglobin and ho-mocysteine exist in the patients with CHD.Lipoprotein(a)and fibrinogen have high expression in the CHD patients,which can pro-vide the reliable scientific basis for diagnosis and treatment of the disease.