ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation between iron metabolism parameters and various syndrome types of unstable angina pectoris （UAP）. MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2021 to October 2023， encompassing 213 patients diagnosed with UAP at Xiyuan Hospital of Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences. Additionally， 30 healthy individuals were selected as control cases. Single-factor analysis was used to investigate the differences in clinical data among different Traditional Chinese Medicine （TCM） syndrome types of UAP and their correlation with iron metabolism indices. The study conducted a comparative analysis of the aforementioned clinical data among patients with and without heat-toxic and blood-stasis syndrome. Logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation between TCM syndrome types and related factors. The receiver operator characteristic （ROC） curve was employed to assess the predictive value of iron metabolism indices， along with their sensitivity and specificity. ResultsCompared to those in the control group， serum iron （SI） and serum ferritin （SF） levels were significantly increased in the UAP group （P<0.01）， while transferrin （TRF） and total iron binding capacity （TIBC） levels were decreased （P<0.01）. However， there was no significant difference in unsaturated iron binding capacity （UIBC）. Multivariate binary Logistic regression analysis identified apolipoprotein A1 （ApoA1）， homocysteine （HCY）， high-sensitivity C-reactive protein （hs-CRP）， and SF as independent influencing factors for the UAP patients （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Additionally， statistically significant differences were observed in SI， SF， TRF， and TIBC among 213 patients with different TCM types （P<0.01）. Patients with heat-toxic and blood-stasis syndrome had higher SI and SF values than those without the syndrome （P<0.01）， while their TIBC and TRF values were lower （P<0.01）. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis showed that SI and LDL-C levels were closely associated with the differentiation of heat-toxic and blood-stasis syndrome. ConclusionUAP patients often experience iron metabolism disorders， and the heat-toxic and blood-stasis syndrome are significantly correlated with iron metabolism parameters. The SI and LDL-C levels have high specificity and sensitivity in diagnosing heat-toxic and blood-stasis syndrome.

Objective To discuss the application of CT myocardial perfusion imaging(CT-MPI)combined with plaque quantification technique in assessing reperfusion injury in patients with myocardial ischemia.Methods The clinical data of 100 patients with myocardial ischemia,who were admitted to the People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China from June 2019 to June 2024,were retrospectively analyzed.CT-MPI and plaque quantification technique examination were performed in all patients before percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).According to the presence or absence of reperfusion injury after PCI,the patients were divided into non-injury group(n=38)and injury group(n=62).The CT-MPI parameters,including time-to-peak(TTP),myocardial blood flow(MBF)and myocardial blood volume(MBV),and the plaque quantification technique parameters,including eccentricity index(EI),remodeling index(RI),calcified plaque volume(CPV),minimum lumen area(MLA),narrowness degree(ND),non-calcified plaque volume(NCPV),total plaque volume(TPV)and plaque length(PL),were compared between the two groups.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to analyze the value of CT-MPI and plaque quantification technique in assessing reperfusion injury in patients with myocardial ischemia,and logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors influencing reperfusion injury.Results TTP in the injury group was longer than that in the non-injury group,while MBF and MBV in the injury group were lower than those in the non-injury group(all P＜0.05).No statistically significant differences in El,RI,CPV and MLA existed between the two groups(all P＞0.05).ND,NCPV,TPV and PL in the injury group were higher than those in the non-injury group(P＜0.001).ROC curve analysis showed that the area under ROC curve(AUC)of combination use of TTP MBF,MBV,ND,NCPV,TPV and PL for evaluating reperfusion injury in patients with myocardial ischemia was 0.914,which was higher than the values obtained by the separate evaluation of the above seven indicators,and the results were 0.781,0.784,0.760,0.791,0.775,0.792 and 0.798 respectively(all P＜0.05).Logistic regression analysis revealed that TTP,MBF,MBV,ND,NCPV,TPV and PL were the risk factors for reperfusion injury in patients with myocardial ischemia(all P＜0.05).Conclusion CT-MPI combined with plaque quantification technique can effectively evaluate the reperfusion injury in patients with myocardial ischemia,providing important reference for the diagnosis and treatment of reperfusion injury,therefore,it has high clinical application value.

Talents are the main force for the development of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）， and the construction of TCM talents and the reformation of talent evaluation system are essential to promote the inheritance and innovation of TCM. At present， we are still exploring and developing in the fields of the formulation， implementation and evaluation indicators of TCM talent evaluation system. However， there are shortcomings and difficulties. For instance， insufficient stratification in the evaluation， excessive emphasis on the quantity of achievements， neglecting the quality of the achievements and the actual contribution， imperfect assessment indicators， and the weak characteristics of TCM. Therefore， national ministries and commissions have jointly issued a document requesting to break the four only and set a new standard， in order to promote the construction of a scientific and technological talent evaluation system oriented by innovation value， ability and contribution. For the evaluation of TCM clinical talents， China Association for Science and Technology commissioned China Association of Chinese Medicine to build the China Clinical Cases Library of TCM（CCCL-TCM）， which aims at collecting the most authoritative and representative TCM clinical cases and exploring the advantages of applying clinical cases as masterpiece of achievement in TCM clinical talents evaluation. CCCL-TCM can promote the construction of a talent evaluation system that is more in line with the development characteristics of TCM industry， and to carry out relevant pilot in TCM colleges and institutions across the country in order to promote the reformation of TCM talent evaluation system.

Refractory angina is characterized by recurrent and persistent angina with a duration of not less than three months， which is related to reversible ischemia and hypoxia caused by coronary stenosis and obstruction. It mainly involves obstructive coronary artery disease and non-obstructive coronary artery disease with coronary artery spasm and coronary microvascular dysfunction. “Stasis and toxin” play an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. The pathogenesis of stasis and toxin is stubborn filthy turbidity featured by slow accumulation and sudden onset，and rapid changes，which coincides with the characteristics of refractory angina which is complex and changeable，prolonged and difficult to cure. The pathogenesis of refractory angina involves a combination of underlying deficiency and excessive manifestation， with "stasis and toxin" playing a crucial role as an important pathological factor in the whole process of refractory angina. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） employs a holistic approach known as "activating blood circulation and removing toxins"， which is supplemented by various methods to tonify Qi and warm Yang， nourish the kidneys and invigorate the spleen， clear heat and transform phlegm. This approach applies anti-inflammatory measures， regulates lipid metabolism， inhibits oxidative stress and thrombus formation， protects endothelial function in blood vessels， as well as establishes collateral circulation for the prevention and treatment of refractory angina. Therefore，based on the theory of "stasis and toxin"，combined with TCM theory and modern medical research，this paper discusses the pathogenesis of refractory angina and the prevention and treatment strategy of TCM，and elucidates the reasons for the difficulty in curing refractory angina and the relationship between refractory angina and common angina pectoris，coronary microvascular dysfunction，coronary artery spasm and obstructive coronary artery disease，hoping to provide certain theoretical basis and clinical ideas for the prevention and treatment of refractory angina with TCM.

Atherosclerosis is a vascular disease characterized by arterial occlusion formed by the pathological accumulation of pathological vascular cells and apoptotic cell debris. Atherosclerotic vulnerable plaque is an important pathological basis for inducing severe thrombotic cardiovascular events， and the study of its etiology and pathogenesis has always been a hot issue in the field of cardiovascular research. Efferocytosis is a new type of programmed death cell removal， which refers to the process of macrophages phagocytosing and degrading apoptotic cells to prevent secondary necrosis. It is a key homeostatic mechanism in the body's physiological process. In the pathological state， the dysfunction of efferocytosis causes the pathological accumulation of apoptotic cells and necrotic debris， leading to the occurrence of secondary cell necrosis and the continuous release of intracellular toxic content and inducing inflammatory regression disorders and cholesterol metabolism disorders， which are closely related to the occurrence and development of atherosclerotic vulnerable plaques. The theory of ''blood stasis and toxin'' is an important theory of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） to explain the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis starts from the pathological state of blood stagnation. Prolonged blood stagnation leads to blood stasis and toxic substances. Blood stasis and toxic pathogens interact with each other in blood vessels and eventually form plaques in blood vessels. The theory of ''blood stasis and toxin causing a catastrophe'' is an important understanding of the occurrence and development of acute cardiovascular events. From the perspective of TCM theory， the pathophysiological mechanism of efferocytosis is similar to the etiology and pathogenesis of the ''blood stasis and toxin'' in TCM. Therefore， this paper took the theory of ''blood stasis and toxin'' as the breakthrough point to explore the mechanism of efferocytosis in atherosclerotic vulnerable plaques， and proposed a detoxification and blood circulation method to regulate cell burial to prevent and treat atherosclerotic vulnerable plaques. The research strategy aims to provide new ideas and theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis by detoxification and blood circulation.

OBJECTIVE To study the triterpenoid saponins from Anemone rivularis var. flore-minore and their antitumor activities. METHODS The n-butanol extract of 70％ ethanol extract from rhizome of the plant was separated. The triterpenoid saponins were separated and purified by normal silica gel column chromatography ，reversed phase ODS column chromatography ， Sephadex LH- 20 gel column chromatography and semi-preparation high performance liquid chromatography. The structures of these saponins were identified by spectral analysis （NMR and MS ）and physical and chemical properties. MTT assay was used to test the proliferation inhibitory activity of the compounds against five kinds of human tumor cells （HL-60 cells，A549 cells，HepG2 cells，HeLa cells and U 87MG cells ）. The apoptosis inducing effect of compound 7 on U 87MG cells was evaluated by flow cytometric Annexin V-FITC/PI staining test. RESULTS：Sixteen triterpenoid saponins were obtained and identified as 3 β-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-（1→2）-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-oleanolic acid-28-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl- （1→4） -β-D-glucopyranosyl-（1→6）-β-D-glucopyranoside（1），3β-O-L-arabinopyranosyl oleanolic acid- 28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside（2），saponin B （3）， 163.com oleanolic acid- 3β-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-（1→2）-α-L-arabino- pyranoside（4），HN-saponin F （5），clematoside S （6），prosapogenin CP 4（7），cussonside B （8），pulsatilla saponin C （9）， clemastanoside D （10），3 β-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-（1→2）-β-L-arabinopyranosyl-hederagenin-28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside（11）， ciwujianoside C 3（12），ciwujianoside A 1（13），huzhangoside D （14），kalopanaxsaponin B （15）and hederacolchiside E （16）. Compounds 3，4，6-9 displayed inhibitory activities on the proliferation of tumor cells to different extent ，and compound 7 had the strongest activity ；compound 7 induced the apoptosis of U 87MG cell so as to inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells in a time-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS The obtained 16 saponins are all identified as oleanolane-type ，among which compound 1 is a new compound. The monodesmosidic saponins ，the sugar chain of which attached at C- 3 and a free carboxyl at C- 28， possess stronger antitumor activity than others.

Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage (UGH) is a kind of intensive disease commonly encountered clinically. In recent years, the diagnosis and treatment method of UGH had achieved satisfied progress. But with the development of aged tendency of population, its morbidity is still in a high level. Especially in older patients with serious complications, the fatality rate is much higher. It has been proved practically, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has remarkable effects in treating UGH. This article summarized the progress of TCM or integrative medicine studies on UGH through etiology and pathogenesis, therapeutic principle and methods.

BACKGROUND:Chinese herb Cape Jasmine Fruit can activate the chondrocytes and geniposide is an important component in this herb.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of geniposide on col agen II synthesis in rat chondrocytes cultured in vitro. METHODS:Rat chondrocytes were separated and cultured in vitro. The chondrocytes were then interfered with 25, 50 and 100 mmol/L geniposide. Normal control group was also set. Col agen II mRNA and protein expression was detected with semi-quantitative RT-PCR and western blot analysis, respectively.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:RT-PCR and western blot analysis results showed that, geniposide at 25, 50 and 100 mmol/L increased the col agen II mRNA and protein expression (P<0.01). Geniposide can promote the synthesis of col agen II in rat chondrocytes cultured in vitro.

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of Huannao Yicong formula (HNYCF) extract on behavior and ultrastructure of mitochondria in hippocampus CA1 area of APP transgenic mice of different months, and explore its partial mechanism in treating Alzheimer's disease (AD) through the perspective of energy metabolism.

METHODOne hundred and twenty APP695V717I transgenic mice of 3-month old were divided randomly into model group, Donepezil group (0.65 x 10(-3) g x kg(-1) x d(-1)), HNYCF extract large dose group (2.8 g x kg(-1) x d(-1)) and HNYCF extract small dose group (1.4 g x kg(-1) x d(-1)), and 30 mice in each group. Another 30 C57BL/6J mice with the same age and background were used as normal control group. All animals were administered once daily by gavage with the corresponding drug or distilled water. The course of intervention was 4 and 6 months. Behavioral changes were observed by Morris water maze test and step down test. Ultrastructure of mitochondria in hippocampus CA1 area was observed by transmission electron microscope.

RESULTAt the age of 7 and 9 month, the number of times of passing through platform, swimming time and path length of model group increased significantly (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) in Morris water maze test, and the latent period decreased (P < 0.01) in step down test compared with normal group, and it would get worse with the development of disease course. HNYCF extract could increase the number of times of passing through platform, swimming time and path length (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) in Morris water maze test, prolong latent period in step down test of different age. At the age of 7 and 9 month, mitochondrial of hippocampus CA1 area was disrupted and dissolved. Most ridge structure arranged in a mess, and some ridge showed expanding, matrix loosing and swollen appearance, and it would get worse with the development of disease course. HNYCF extract could improve ultrastructure of mitochondria in hippocampus CA1 area, and increase its quality.

CONCLUSIONLearning and memory ability decreased in APP transgenic mice model, and the quantity of neural mitochondria in hippocampus CA1 area with structure disrupting, and it would get worse with the development of disease course. HNYCF extract could improve the learning and memory ability of APP transgenic mice model, its mechanism might relate with improving ultrastructure of mitochondria in hippocampus, and increasing its quantity.

Age Factors ; Alzheimer Disease ; drug therapy ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Animals ; Behavior, Animal ; drug effects ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Female ; Hippocampus ; drug effects ; ultrastructure ; Male ; Maze Learning ; drug effects ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Memory ; drug effects ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Transgenic ; Mitochondria ; drug effects ; ultrastructure ; Random Allocation ; Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms

To observe the effects of early intervention with effective components from a Chinese herbal formula (Huannao Yicong formula, HNYCF) on behavior and related indicators of cholinergic system in β-amyloid precursor protein (APP) transgenic mice.