This paper reported a case of fetal congenital chloride diarrhea (CCD) indicated by prenatal ultrasound and confirmed by whole-exome sequencing. At 26 weeks and two days of gestation, a routine prenatal ultrasound revealed fetal bowel dilation and numerous floating echogenic particles in the amniotic fluid, suggesting the possibility of CCD. Multiple follow-up ultrasounds in late pregnancy showed persistent bowel dilation, polyhydramnios with numerous floating echogenic particles, and fetal development larger than the gestational age. Whole-exome sequencing and Sanger validation revealed two compound heterozygous mutations in the fetal SLC26A3 gene: c.2006C>A (p.S669*) inherited from the mother and c.1355T>A (p.L452Q) inherited from the father, leading to a diagnosis of CCD. Postnatally, the infant exhibited persistent watery diarrhea. Based on prenatal ultrasound and diagnostic results, the infant was immediately given intravenous and oral electrolyte supplementation after birth, preventing severe electrolyte imbalance. As of June 2024, the infant was five months old, with follow-up showing good growth and development.

Objective:To explore the value of fetal heart quantification technology in assessing the morphology and function of the fetal heart during normal pregnancy.Methods:This prospective cohort study selected normal fetuses from healthy pregnant women who underwent prenatal ultrasound examinations at Hunan Provincial People's Hospital from January 2023 to October 2024. Using the GE Voluson E10 color Doppler diasonography, routine obstetric ultrasound and fetal echocardiography were performed to assess fetal growth and development and to exclude intracardiac and extracardiac malformations. Clear four-chamber view (4CV) dynamic images of the heart showing the endocardium (duration ≥3 s) were collected. Speckle-tracking analysis was performed using fetal heart quantification software. The measured indicators included the global spherical index (GSI), end-diastolic length of the heart (L-ED), end-diastolic width of the heart (W-ED), and the global longitudinal strain (GLS), fractional area change (FAC), and 24-segment spherical index (SI) of the left ventricle (LV) and right ventricle (RV). The cases were divided into five groups based on gestational age at the time of prenatal ultrasound: 20 +0 to 23 +6, 24 +0 to 27 +6, 28 +0 to 31 +6, 32 +0 to 35 +6, and 36 +0 to 40 +6 weeks. One-way analysis of variance, two independent samples t-test, univariate linear regression analysis, and Pearson correlation analysis were used to explore the differences in the above indicators among different gestational age groups and their correlation with gestational age. Results:A total of 200 pregnant women were included in the cohort, four cases were excluded due to poor image quality that prevented accurate tracking and measurement of relevant indicators. Ultimately, 196 cases (20 +0 to 23 +6 weeks 40 cases, 24 +0 to 27 +6 weeks 34 cases, 28 +0 to 31 +6 weeks 41 cases, 32 +0 to 35 +6 weeks 48 cases, and 36 +0 to 40 +6 weeks 33 cases) were included in the study, with a successful image analysis rate of 98.0%. (1) There were statistically significant differences in 4CV L-ED, 4CV W-ED, LV-FAC, and RV-FAC among the groups at 20 +0 to 23 +6, 24 +0 to 27 +6, 28 +0 to 31 +6, 32 +0 to 35 +6, and 36 +0 to 40 +6 weeks [4CV L-ED: 28.0±3.0, 32.6±4.3, 40.9±4.3, 46.7±4.8, 53.1±5.8, F=3.72; 4CV W-ED: 21.9±1.8, 25.1±4.2, 31.7±3.0, 37.4±4.0, 42.0±4.9, F=2.61; LV-FAC: (51.4±8.0)%, (49.0±10.4)%, (47.3±7.3)%, (43.1±7.5)%, (40.7±8.2)%, F=2.94; RV-FAC: (49.9±10.8)%, (46.2±12.0)%, (46.3±8.3)%, (43.2±8.0)%, (41.9±5.6)%, F=3.09; all P<0.05].(2) The size of the normal fetal heart gradually increased with gestational age, while the heart morphology remained relatively stable (4CV L-ED and 4CV W-ED were positively correlated with gestational age, with regression coefficients of 1.313 and 1.325, respectively, both P<0.001;LV-FAC and RV-FAC were negatively correlated with gestational age with regression coefficients of -0.783 and -0.552, respectively, both P<0.001; GSI, LV-GLS and RV-GLS had no correlations with gestational age, all P>0.05). (3) The SI of LV segments 1 to 17 were higher than the SI of the corresponding RV segments, and the SI of RV segments 20-24 were higher than that of the corresponding LV segments (all P<0.001). Conclusion:Fetal heart quantification technology has a certain value in the assessment of fetal cardiac morphology and function.

Objective:To investigate the characteristics and clinical effects of laparoscopic pneumovesical Cohen and laparoscopic Lich-Gregoir ureteral replantations for the treatment of primary obstructive megaloureter (POM) in children.Methods:A randomized controlled study was conducted.The clinical data of 51 children with unilateral POM admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from October 2018 to October 2023 were collected.Random number table method was used in the selection of surgical methods.They were divided into the laparoscopic pneumovesical Cohen ureteral replantation group (group A, 22 cases) and the laparoscopic Lich-Gregoir ureteral replantation group (group B, 29 cases) according to the surgical method.The anterior-posterior diameter(APD), maximum ureteral diameter and differential renal function parameters on the affected side were measured by color Doppler ultrasound of the urinary system, and compared between and within the two groups before and after surgery.The operation time, blood loss and postoperative intubation time were compared between the two groups.The incidence of postoperative complications such as reflux, bladder spasm, urinary retention and urinary tract infection was recorded.The independent and paired sample t-tests were used for statistical analysis. Results:The operation time and hematuria duration of group B [(125.7±14.2) min, (1.5±0.6) d] were significantly shorter than those of group A [(142.6±14.7) min, (2.8±0.7) d] (all P<0.05). The APD, maximum ureteral diameter, and differential renal function on the affected side of group A were (21.7±7.9) mm, (11.6±3.2) mm, and (28.2±4.9)% before surgery, and (10.3±4.5) mm, (6.0±2.0) mm and (43.8±4.4)% after surgery, respectively.The APD, maximum ureteral diameter, and differential renal function on the affected side of group B were (21.1±5.6) mm, (11.3±4.6) mm, and (30.2±5.5)% before surgery, and (10.2±4.5) mm, (6.6±2.0) mm, and (42.4±5.2)% after surgery, respectively.There was no statistically significant difference in the values of APD, maximum ureteral diameter, and differential renal function before and after surgery between the two groups of children (all P>0.05). However, there were statistically significant differences in the values of APD, maximum ureteral diameter, and differential renal function before and after surgery between the same group of children (all P<0.01). No significant difference was found in intraoperative blood loss, postoperative intubation time, and postoperative complications between the two groups (all P>0.05). Conclusions:Both surgical methods are effective in the treatment of POM in children.Laparoscopic Lich-Gregoir ureteral replantation has advantages of less operation time compared with laparoscopic pneumovesical Cohen ureteral replantation.

This paper reported a case of fetal congenital chloride diarrhea (CCD) indicated by prenatal ultrasound and confirmed by whole-exome sequencing. At 26 weeks and two days of gestation, a routine prenatal ultrasound revealed fetal bowel dilation and numerous floating echogenic particles in the amniotic fluid, suggesting the possibility of CCD. Multiple follow-up ultrasounds in late pregnancy showed persistent bowel dilation, polyhydramnios with numerous floating echogenic particles, and fetal development larger than the gestational age. Whole-exome sequencing and Sanger validation revealed two compound heterozygous mutations in the fetal SLC26A3 gene: c.2006C>A (p.S669*) inherited from the mother and c.1355T>A (p.L452Q) inherited from the father, leading to a diagnosis of CCD. Postnatally, the infant exhibited persistent watery diarrhea. Based on prenatal ultrasound and diagnostic results, the infant was immediately given intravenous and oral electrolyte supplementation after birth, preventing severe electrolyte imbalance. As of June 2024, the infant was five months old, with follow-up showing good growth and development.

Objective:To explore the value of fetal heart quantification technology in assessing the morphology and function of the fetal heart during normal pregnancy.Methods:This prospective cohort study selected normal fetuses from healthy pregnant women who underwent prenatal ultrasound examinations at Hunan Provincial People's Hospital from January 2023 to October 2024. Using the GE Voluson E10 color Doppler diasonography, routine obstetric ultrasound and fetal echocardiography were performed to assess fetal growth and development and to exclude intracardiac and extracardiac malformations. Clear four-chamber view (4CV) dynamic images of the heart showing the endocardium (duration ≥3 s) were collected. Speckle-tracking analysis was performed using fetal heart quantification software. The measured indicators included the global spherical index (GSI), end-diastolic length of the heart (L-ED), end-diastolic width of the heart (W-ED), and the global longitudinal strain (GLS), fractional area change (FAC), and 24-segment spherical index (SI) of the left ventricle (LV) and right ventricle (RV). The cases were divided into five groups based on gestational age at the time of prenatal ultrasound: 20 +0 to 23 +6, 24 +0 to 27 +6, 28 +0 to 31 +6, 32 +0 to 35 +6, and 36 +0 to 40 +6 weeks. One-way analysis of variance, two independent samples t-test, univariate linear regression analysis, and Pearson correlation analysis were used to explore the differences in the above indicators among different gestational age groups and their correlation with gestational age. Results:A total of 200 pregnant women were included in the cohort, four cases were excluded due to poor image quality that prevented accurate tracking and measurement of relevant indicators. Ultimately, 196 cases (20 +0 to 23 +6 weeks 40 cases, 24 +0 to 27 +6 weeks 34 cases, 28 +0 to 31 +6 weeks 41 cases, 32 +0 to 35 +6 weeks 48 cases, and 36 +0 to 40 +6 weeks 33 cases) were included in the study, with a successful image analysis rate of 98.0%. (1) There were statistically significant differences in 4CV L-ED, 4CV W-ED, LV-FAC, and RV-FAC among the groups at 20 +0 to 23 +6, 24 +0 to 27 +6, 28 +0 to 31 +6, 32 +0 to 35 +6, and 36 +0 to 40 +6 weeks [4CV L-ED: 28.0±3.0, 32.6±4.3, 40.9±4.3, 46.7±4.8, 53.1±5.8, F=3.72; 4CV W-ED: 21.9±1.8, 25.1±4.2, 31.7±3.0, 37.4±4.0, 42.0±4.9, F=2.61; LV-FAC: (51.4±8.0)%, (49.0±10.4)%, (47.3±7.3)%, (43.1±7.5)%, (40.7±8.2)%, F=2.94; RV-FAC: (49.9±10.8)%, (46.2±12.0)%, (46.3±8.3)%, (43.2±8.0)%, (41.9±5.6)%, F=3.09; all P<0.05].(2) The size of the normal fetal heart gradually increased with gestational age, while the heart morphology remained relatively stable (4CV L-ED and 4CV W-ED were positively correlated with gestational age, with regression coefficients of 1.313 and 1.325, respectively, both P<0.001;LV-FAC and RV-FAC were negatively correlated with gestational age with regression coefficients of -0.783 and -0.552, respectively, both P<0.001; GSI, LV-GLS and RV-GLS had no correlations with gestational age, all P>0.05). (3) The SI of LV segments 1 to 17 were higher than the SI of the corresponding RV segments, and the SI of RV segments 20-24 were higher than that of the corresponding LV segments (all P<0.001). Conclusion:Fetal heart quantification technology has a certain value in the assessment of fetal cardiac morphology and function.

Objective:To investigate the characteristics and clinical effects of laparoscopic pneumovesical Cohen and laparoscopic Lich-Gregoir ureteral replantations for the treatment of primary obstructive megaloureter (POM) in children.Methods:A randomized controlled study was conducted.The clinical data of 51 children with unilateral POM admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from October 2018 to October 2023 were collected.Random number table method was used in the selection of surgical methods.They were divided into the laparoscopic pneumovesical Cohen ureteral replantation group (group A, 22 cases) and the laparoscopic Lich-Gregoir ureteral replantation group (group B, 29 cases) according to the surgical method.The anterior-posterior diameter(APD), maximum ureteral diameter and differential renal function parameters on the affected side were measured by color Doppler ultrasound of the urinary system, and compared between and within the two groups before and after surgery.The operation time, blood loss and postoperative intubation time were compared between the two groups.The incidence of postoperative complications such as reflux, bladder spasm, urinary retention and urinary tract infection was recorded.The independent and paired sample t-tests were used for statistical analysis. Results:The operation time and hematuria duration of group B [(125.7±14.2) min, (1.5±0.6) d] were significantly shorter than those of group A [(142.6±14.7) min, (2.8±0.7) d] (all P<0.05). The APD, maximum ureteral diameter, and differential renal function on the affected side of group A were (21.7±7.9) mm, (11.6±3.2) mm, and (28.2±4.9)% before surgery, and (10.3±4.5) mm, (6.0±2.0) mm and (43.8±4.4)% after surgery, respectively.The APD, maximum ureteral diameter, and differential renal function on the affected side of group B were (21.1±5.6) mm, (11.3±4.6) mm, and (30.2±5.5)% before surgery, and (10.2±4.5) mm, (6.6±2.0) mm, and (42.4±5.2)% after surgery, respectively.There was no statistically significant difference in the values of APD, maximum ureteral diameter, and differential renal function before and after surgery between the two groups of children (all P>0.05). However, there were statistically significant differences in the values of APD, maximum ureteral diameter, and differential renal function before and after surgery between the same group of children (all P<0.01). No significant difference was found in intraoperative blood loss, postoperative intubation time, and postoperative complications between the two groups (all P>0.05). Conclusions:Both surgical methods are effective in the treatment of POM in children.Laparoscopic Lich-Gregoir ureteral replantation has advantages of less operation time compared with laparoscopic pneumovesical Cohen ureteral replantation.

Light adaptation enables the vertebrate visual system to operate over a wide range of ambient illumination. Regulation of phototransduction in photoreceptors is considered a major mechanism underlying light adaptation. However, various types of neurons and glial cells exist in the retina, and whether and how all retinal cells interact to adapt to light/dark conditions at the cellular and molecular levels requires systematic investigation. Therefore, we utilized single-cell RNA sequencing to dissect retinal cell-type-specific transcriptomes during light/dark adaptation in mice. The results demonstrated that, in addition to photoreceptors, other retinal cell types also showed dynamic molecular changes and specifically enriched signaling pathways under light/dark adaptation. Importantly, Müller glial cells (MGs) were identified as hub cells for intercellular interactions, displaying complex cell‒cell communication with other retinal cells. Furthermore, light increased the transcription of the deiodinase Dio2 in MGs, which converted thyroxine (T4) to active triiodothyronine (T3). Subsequently, light increased T3 levels and regulated mitochondrial respiration in retinal cells in response to light conditions. As cones specifically express the thyroid hormone receptor Thrb, they responded to the increase in T3 by adjusting light responsiveness. Loss of the expression of Dio2 specifically in MGs decreased the light responsive ability of cones. These results suggest that retinal cells display global transcriptional changes under light/dark adaptation and that MGs coordinate intercellular communication during light/dark adaptation via thyroid hormone signaling.
Animals ; Mice ; Dark Adaptation ; Light ; Retina ; Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells/metabolism* ; Adaptation, Ocular ; Neuroglia/physiology* ; Cell Communication ; Thyroid Hormones

Heilongjiang Province has unique geographical environment, which makes the difference in population morbidity. This paper summarizes the physiological and pathological characteristics of stroke in Longjiang area from the regional factors and dietary factors. The paper also summarizes the treatment thoughts of acupuncture and moxibustion doctors in Longjiang area, mainly including five aspects: Knowing all diseases but treating the essence one, combining theory and practice, combining Chinese and western medicine, combining acupuncture and Chinese medicine, preventing diseases through learning and observing tiny clues. This article aims to summarize the experience of Longjiang acupuncture scholars and enriches the medical connotation of Longjiang area.

Objective To investigate the prognostic influence factors of Solitaire stent thrombectomy in patients with acute anterior circulation macrovascular occlusion. Methods From March 2015 to March 2017,222 consecutive patients with acute anterior circulation macrovascular occlusion admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery,the 101stHospital of People′s Liberation Army and the Nanjing Jinling Hospital were enrolled retrospectively.They were all confirmed by DSA and were treated with Solitaire stent thrombectomy. According to the modified Rankin Scale(mRS) scores at 90 d after treatment,they were divided into a good prognosis group (0-2,n=120) and a poor prognosis group (3-6,n =102). The baseline data and clinical data of the two groups of patients were analyzed,including the risk factors for cardiocerebrovascular diseases,baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score,occlusion sites (internal carotid artery or middle cerebral artery occlusion),collateral compensatory,onset to puncture time, operation time,onset to recanalization median time,recanalization status,preoperative Alberta stroke programme early CT score(ASPECTS),and symptomatic cerebral hemorrhage,and then further multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted for the prognostic factors of patients. Results (1) The rate of good prognosis was 54.1% (120/222).There were no significant differences in patients′ age,NIHSS at admission,ASPECTS at admission,sex,hypertension,occlusion site,and rate of good collateral branches in both groups(all P<0.05).There were no significant differences in other baseline data (all P >0. 05). (2) Onset to puncture time and onset to successful recanalization median time of the patients in good prognosis group was lower than that of the poor prognosis group (182 [138,230]min vs.236[170,305]min, 237[175,269]min vs.288[223,367]min).The proportion of successful recanalization was higher than that of the poor prognosis group (98.3% [118/120] vs.78.4% [80/102]).The proportion of postoperative symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage was lower than that of the poor prognosis group (2.5% [3/120] vs.21.6% [22/102]).There was significant difference between the two groups (all P <0.01). There was no significant difference in operative time between the two groups (P >0.05). (3)In the single factor analysis,the parameter of P <0.05 was used as an independent variable,and prognosis was used as a dependent variable,multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the increased age (OR,1.096,95% CI 1.050-1.144),history of hypertension (OR,8.401,95% CI 2.960-23.845),increased baseline NIHSS score (OR,1.071,95% CI 1.007-1.138),prolonged onset to successful recanalization time (OR,1.019,95% CI 1.003-1.035),symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage after procedure (OR,18.110,95% CI 4.656-70.434) were all the risk factors for poor prognosis(all P<0.05);higher ASPECTS score at admission(OR,0.641,95% CI 0.451-0.911) and successful recanalization (OR,0.127,95% CI 0.024-0.664) were all the protective factors of good prognosis (all P<0.05). Conclusions Higher ASPECTS at admission and successful recanalization were the protective factors of poor prognosis of Solitaire stent thrombectomy in patients with acute anterior circulation macrovascular occlusion.Increased age,history of hypertension,increased baseline NIHSS score,prolonged onset to successful recanalization time,and symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage after procedure were the risk factors for poor prognosis of Solitaire stent thrombectomy in patients with acute anterior circulation macrovascular occlusion.

Goose hemorrhagic polyomavirus (GHPV) is not a naturally occurring infection in geese in China; however, GHPV infection has been identified in Pekin ducks, a domestic duck species. Herein, we investigated the prevalence of GHPV in five domestic duck species (Liancheng white ducks, Putian black ducks, Shan Sheldrake, Shaoxing duck, and Jinyun Sheldrake) in China. We determined that the Jinyun Sheldrake duck species could be infected by GHPV with no clinical signs, whereas no infection was identified in the other four duck species. We sequenced the complete genome of the Jinyun Sheldrake origin GHPV. Genomic data comparison suggested that GHPVs share a conserved genomic structure, regardless of the host (duck or geese) or region (Asia or Europe). Jinyun Sheldrake origin GHPV genomic characterization and epidemiological studies will increase our understanding of potential heterologous reservoirs of GHPV.
China ; Ducks ; Epidemiologic Studies ; Geese ; Genome ; Polyomavirus ; Prevalence