Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

BACKGROUNDColorectal serrated polyp is considered as histologically heterogeneous lesions with malignant potential in western countries. However, few Asian studies have investigated the comprehensive clinical features of serrated polyps in symptomatic populations. The aim of the study was to evaluate the features of colorectal serrated polyps in a Chinese symptomatic population.

METHODSData from all consecutive symptomatic patients were documented from a large colonoscopy database and were analyzed. Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test and logistic regression analysis were used for the data processing.

RESULTSA total of 9191 (31.7%) patients were detected with at least one colorectal polyp. The prevalence of serrated polyps was 0.53% (153/28,981). The proportions of hyperplastic polyp (HP), sessile serrated adenoma/polyp (SSA/P), and traditional serrated adenoma (TSA) of all serrated polyps were 41.2%, 7.2%, and 51.6%, respectively, which showed a lower proportion of HP and SSA/P and a higher proportion of TSA. Serrated polyps appeared more in males and elder patients while there was no significant difference in the subtype distribution in gender and age. The proportions of large and proximal serrated polyps were 13.7% (21/153) and 46.4% (71/153), respectively. In total, 98.9% (89/90) serrated adenomas were found with dysplasia. Moreover, 14 patients with serrated polyps were found with synchronous advanced colorectal neoplasia, and large serrated polyps (LSPs) (odds ratio: 3.446, 95% confidence interval: 1.010-11.750, P < 0.05), especially large HPs, might have an association with synchronous advanced neoplasia (AN).

CONCLUSIONSThe overall detection rate of colorectal serrated polyps in Chinese symptomatic patient population was low, and distribution pattern of three subtypes is different from previous reports. Moreover, LSPs, especially large HPs, might be associated with an increased risk of synchronous AN.

Adult ; Age Distribution ; Aged ; Chi-Square Distribution ; Colonic Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; Colonoscopy ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence

Objective To explore the clinical value of dual-source CT coronary angiography (CTCA) in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD) in flying personnel. Methods Ten flying personnel, who were suspected CAD, underwent both CTCA and conventional coronary angiography (CCA). The CCA results were served as Fgolden standard" to evaluate the diagnostic seusibility, specificity and accuracy of dual-source CTCA in diagnosing coronary artery stenosis. Results All of 10 flying personnel accepted dual-source CTCA and CCA successfully. Satisfied image quality was obtained in 96.3% of all CTCA images. Fifteen segments were diagnosed stenosis in 7 flying personnel in CTCA images, while myocardial bridge in 2 and coronary artery fistula in 1. According to CCA results, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of CTCA in diagnosing coronary artery segment stenosis and stenosis (≥50%) were 100.0%, 98.2%, 98.4% and 80.0%, 99.2%, 98.4%, respectively. Conclusion As a noninvasive method which could evaluate coronary artery stenosis accurately, dual-source CTCA is a valuable method to diagnose CAD in flying personnel safely and reliably.

Objective To explore the clinical value of dual-source CT coronary angiography (CTCA) in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD) in flying personnel. Methods Ten flying personnel, who were suspected CAD, underwent both CTCA and conventional coronary angiography (CCA). The CCA results were served as Fgolden standard" to evaluate the diagnostic seusibility, specificity and accuracy of dual-source CTCA in diagnosing coronary artery stenosis. Results All of 10 flying personnel accepted dual-source CTCA and CCA successfully. Satisfied image quality was obtained in 96.3% of all CTCA images. Fifteen segments were diagnosed stenosis in 7 flying personnel in CTCA images, while myocardial bridge in 2 and coronary artery fistula in 1. According to CCA results, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of CTCA in diagnosing coronary artery segment stenosis and stenosis (≥50%) were 100.0%, 98.2%, 98.4% and 80.0%, 99.2%, 98.4%, respectively. Conclusion As a noninvasive method which could evaluate coronary artery stenosis accurately, dual-source CTCA is a valuable method to diagnose CAD in flying personnel safely and reliably.

Objective To investigate the morphological changes of cerebral blood vessels by digital subtraction angiography (DSA) in the hospitalized military pilots with central vertigo.Methods Seven pilots were examined by cerebral and aortic arch DSA through femoral artery puncture. Type and distribution of the cerebrovascular abnormalities were observed and analyzed.Results Four pilots out of 7 were thinner unilateral vertebral artery and 2 of them appeared vertebral artery occlusion and the rest 2 pilots showed congenital abnormalities of cerebral artery. One pilot was diagnosed as internal carotid artery stenosis. Only 2 pilots were not detected abnormalities by DSA.Conclusions Congenital abnormalities, stenosis and occlusion of cerebral artery would be the reasons of resulting in pilot's central vertigo.

Objective To investigate the morphological changes of cerebral blood vessels by digital subtraction angiography (DSA) in the hospitalized military pilots with central vertigo.Methods Seven pilots were examined by cerebral and aortic arch DSA through femoral artery puncture. Type and distribution of the cerebrovascular abnormalities were observed and analyzed.Results Four pilots out of 7 were thinner unilateral vertebral artery and 2 of them appeared vertebral artery occlusion and the rest 2 pilots showed congenital abnormalities of cerebral artery. One pilot was diagnosed as internal carotid artery stenosis. Only 2 pilots were not detected abnormalities by DSA.Conclusions Congenital abnormalities, stenosis and occlusion of cerebral artery would be the reasons of resulting in pilot's central vertigo.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension, Portal ; etiology ; surgery ; Liver Cirrhosis ; complications ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Portasystemic Shunt, Transjugular Intrahepatic ; methods