ObjectiveTo explore the effects of Yimei Baijiang formula （YMBJF） on colitis-associated colorectal cancer （CAC） and the nuclear factor kappaB （NF-κB） signaling pathway in mice. MethodsSixty male Balb/c mice of 4-6 weeks old were randomized into 6 groups： Normal， model， capecitabine （0.83 g·kg^-1）， and low-， medium-， and high-dose （4.63， 9.25， 18.50 g·kg^-1， respectively） YMBJF. The mouse model of CAC was established by combining azoxymethane （AOM， 10 mg·kg^-1） and dextran sulfate sodium （DSS， 2%）. At the 5^th week after the start of modeling， the capecitabine group and the YMBJF groups were respectively administrated with the corresponding doses of drugs by gavage once a day for a total of 6 weeks. The body weights and general conditions of mice were measured and observed， and the disease activity index （DAI） was scored. The tumors in the colorectal tissue were counted， and the colorectal length was measured. The histological features of the colorectal tissue in each group of mice were observed by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining. The levels of inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-6 （IL-6）， interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） in the serum were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The expression and localization of proliferating cell nuclear antigen-67 （Ki67）， proliferating cell nuclear antigen （PCNA）， and phosphorylated nuclear transcription factor-κB p65 （p-NF-κB p65） proteins were observed by immunohistochemistry （IHC）. The apoptosis of tumor cells was observed by the TUNEL assay. The mRNA levels of IL-6，IL-1β， TNF-α， nuclear transcription factor-κB p65 （NF-κB p65）， NF-κB inhibitor alpha （IκBα）， B-cell lymphoma-2 （Bcl-2）， and Bcl-2-associated X protein （Bax） in the colorectal tissue were quantified by Real-time polymerase chain reaction（Real-time PCR）. The protein levels of NF-κB p65， phosphorylated （p）-NF-κB p65， IκBα， p-IκBα， Bcl-2， and Bax in the colorectal tissue were determined by Western blot. ResultsCompared with the model group， each YMBJF group showed decreases in DAI and tumor number （P0.01）， and the medium-dose and high-dose YMBJF groups showed increases in colorectal length （P0.05）. In addition， each YMBJF group showed alleviated colorectal mucosal pathological injury， declined levels of IL-6， IL-1β， and TNF-α in the serum （P0.05）， reduced expression of Ki67 and PCNA （P0.01）， and down-regulated expression of p-NF-κB p65 （P0.05）. The apoptosis in the medium-dose and high-dose YMBJF groups increased （P0.01）. Each YMBJF group and the capecitabine group showed down-regulated mRNA levels of IL-1β， TNF-α， IL-6， NF-κB p65， and Bcl-2 （P0.05） and up-regulated mRNA levels of IκBα and Bax （P0.05）. The mRNA level of IκBα was up-regulated， and that of Bcl-2 was down-regulated （P0.05） in the high-dose YMBJF group. The protein levels of p-IκBα and Bcl-2 were down-regulated （P0.05） in each YMBJF group. The protein levels of IκBα and Bax were up-regulated in the medium-dose and high-dose YMBJF groups （P0.01）， while those of NF-κB p65 and p-NF-κB p65 were down-regulated （P0.05）. ConclusionYMBJF can reduce the number of tumors， reduce the levels of inflammatory factors， promote tumor cell apoptosis， and inhibit tumor cell proliferation by regulating the direct effector molecules of the NF-κB signaling pathway in the mouse model of CRC.

ObjectiveTo explore the effects of Yimei Baijiang formula （YMBJF） on colitis-associated colorectal cancer （CAC） and the nuclear factor kappaB （NF-κB） signaling pathway in mice. MethodsSixty male Balb/c mice of 4-6 weeks old were randomized into 6 groups： Normal， model， capecitabine （0.83 g·kg^-1）， and low-， medium-， and high-dose （4.63， 9.25， 18.50 g·kg^-1， respectively） YMBJF. The mouse model of CAC was established by combining azoxymethane （AOM， 10 mg·kg^-1） and dextran sulfate sodium （DSS， 2%）. At the 5^th week after the start of modeling， the capecitabine group and the YMBJF groups were respectively administrated with the corresponding doses of drugs by gavage once a day for a total of 6 weeks. The body weights and general conditions of mice were measured and observed， and the disease activity index （DAI） was scored. The tumors in the colorectal tissue were counted， and the colorectal length was measured. The histological features of the colorectal tissue in each group of mice were observed by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining. The levels of inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-6 （IL-6）， interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） in the serum were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The expression and localization of proliferating cell nuclear antigen-67 （Ki67）， proliferating cell nuclear antigen （PCNA）， and phosphorylated nuclear transcription factor-κB p65 （p-NF-κB p65） proteins were observed by immunohistochemistry （IHC）. The apoptosis of tumor cells was observed by the TUNEL assay. The mRNA levels of IL-6，IL-1β， TNF-α， nuclear transcription factor-κB p65 （NF-κB p65）， NF-κB inhibitor alpha （IκBα）， B-cell lymphoma-2 （Bcl-2）， and Bcl-2-associated X protein （Bax） in the colorectal tissue were quantified by Real-time polymerase chain reaction（Real-time PCR）. The protein levels of NF-κB p65， phosphorylated （p）-NF-κB p65， IκBα， p-IκBα， Bcl-2， and Bax in the colorectal tissue were determined by Western blot. ResultsCompared with the model group， each YMBJF group showed decreases in DAI and tumor number （P0.01）， and the medium-dose and high-dose YMBJF groups showed increases in colorectal length （P0.05）. In addition， each YMBJF group showed alleviated colorectal mucosal pathological injury， declined levels of IL-6， IL-1β， and TNF-α in the serum （P0.05）， reduced expression of Ki67 and PCNA （P0.01）， and down-regulated expression of p-NF-κB p65 （P0.05）. The apoptosis in the medium-dose and high-dose YMBJF groups increased （P0.01）. Each YMBJF group and the capecitabine group showed down-regulated mRNA levels of IL-1β， TNF-α， IL-6， NF-κB p65， and Bcl-2 （P0.05） and up-regulated mRNA levels of IκBα and Bax （P0.05）. The mRNA level of IκBα was up-regulated， and that of Bcl-2 was down-regulated （P0.05） in the high-dose YMBJF group. The protein levels of p-IκBα and Bcl-2 were down-regulated （P0.05） in each YMBJF group. The protein levels of IκBα and Bax were up-regulated in the medium-dose and high-dose YMBJF groups （P0.01）， while those of NF-κB p65 and p-NF-κB p65 were down-regulated （P0.05）. ConclusionYMBJF can reduce the number of tumors， reduce the levels of inflammatory factors， promote tumor cell apoptosis， and inhibit tumor cell proliferation by regulating the direct effector molecules of the NF-κB signaling pathway in the mouse model of CRC.

OBJECTIVE To formulate the Expert Consensus on the Management of Radiopharmaceuticals in Medical Institutions （hereinafter referred to as “the Consensus”）， focusing on key aspects such as the procurement of radiopharmaceuticals， the management of self-made radiopharmaceutical preparations， standardized clinical application， and patient medication safety management， so as to provide a reference for improving the whole-process management of radiopharmaceuticals in medical institutions.METHODS The Consensus was initiated by the Chinese Society of Nuclear Medicine， the Clinical Pharmacy Professional Committee of the China Anti-Cancer Association， and the Committee of Integrative Oncology Pharmacy of the China Anti-Cancer Association. Organized by the consensus drafting group more than 90 experts from the fields of nuclear medicine， nuclear pharmacy， and pharmacy science across China were involved. The Consensus was developed through systematic review of relevant laws， regulations， policy documents， and existing experience in radiopharmaceutical management， followed by extensive discussion and deliberation to finalize the consensus. RESULTS &CONCLUSIONS The Consensus establishes 10 key points for whole-process management of radiopharmaceuticals in medical institutions， covering organizational management and personnel requirements， procurement， preparation， acceptance， storage， risk prevention and control during use， radiation protection， and waste disposal. The Consensus provides a reference for improving radiopharmaceutical management in medical institutions and for ensuring their efficacy and safety in clinical application.

BACKGROUND:Estrogen receptor α can act as an upstream protein to regulate the expression and phosphorylation level of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK).Activation of the estrogen receptor α-AMPK signaling pathway promotes osteogenic proliferation and differentiation.OBJECTIVE:To explore the molecular mechanism of estrogen receptor α regulating AMPK and its effect on osteoblast proliferation and differentiation at osteoblast cell line and molecular biology levels.METHODS:(1)The passaged MC3T3-E1 mouse embryonic osteoblasts were divided into three groups:blank control group,mock group(transfected with pCDNA3.1 control plasmid),and estrogen receptor α group(transfected with pCDNA3.1-estrogen receptor α overexpression plasmid),and RT-qPCR and western blot methods were used to detect the hepatic kinase B1,CaMKKβ,and AMPKα1 mRNA,protein and phosphorylation levels.(2)ChIP-qPCR was used to demonstrate that estrogen receptor α interacts with the hepatic kinase B1 promoter.Dual luciferase assay was used to demonstrate that estrogen receptorα interacts with the hepatic kinase B1 promoter region to activate its transcriptional expression.(3)The cells were divided into three groups:mock+shNC group,estrogen receptor α+shNC group,and estrogen receptor α+shLKB1 group.Changes in the expression levels of hepatic kinase B1,phosphorylated hepatic kinase B1,and phosphorylated AMPKα1 proteins in the cells were detected by western blot.(4)The cells were divided into four groups:mock group,estrogen receptor α group,estrogen receptor α+5 μmol/L Compound C(AMPK inhibitor)group,and estrogen receptor α+10 μmol/L Compound C group.The expression of proteins related to the AMPK signaling pathway and related to osteogenesis and osteoinductivity were detected by western blot method.Cells were transfected for 24 hours and then subjected to osteogenic induction for 14 days.Alkaline phosphatase staining was performed and cell viability in each group was detected.Mineralized nodule formation was detected by alizarin red staining at 21 days of osteogenic induction.(5)The cells were transfected and pretreated with different concentrations of AMPK inhibitor in corresponding groups,and cell viability was detected by cell counting kit 8.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Estrogen receptor α activates the AMPK signaling pathway in MC3T3-E1 cells.(2)Estrogen receptor α promotes liver kinase B1 transcription and mediates AMPK signaling pathway activation.(3)Estrogen receptor α promotes the proliferation and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells by activating the AMPK signaling pathway,and the expression of AMPKα1,p-AMPKα,osteoprotegerin,osteopontin,and Runx2 proteins was down-regulated under the intervention of AMPK inhibitor,and the viability of osteoblasts was decreased.(4)To conclude,estrogen receptor α activates the AMPK signaling pathway by acting on liver kinase B1 promoter,promotes osteoblast proliferation and osteogenic differentiation,and prevents osteoporosis.

Objective:To investigate the changes in accommodative facility after implantation of V4c implantable collamer lens (ICL) using the intelligent flipper (iFLIP).Methods:A serial case-control study was conducted.Forty patients (80 eyes) who underwent ICL implantation of V4c for myopia correction and completed the follow-up were enrolled at the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University from April 2022 to April 2023.Monocular and binocular accommodative facility, adjustment time, and relaxation time were measured with iFLIP before operation and at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after operation.This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University (No.2023-983).Written informed consent was obtained from each subject.Results:Monocular and binocular uncorrected visual acuity at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after surgery were significantly improved compared with before surgery, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05).Monocular and binocular postoperative accommodative facility gradually increased over time, and the increase gradually decreased and gradually stabilized.Before operation and 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after operation, the monocular accommodative facility was (7.99±3.42), (10.19±4.25), (12.03±4.24), (13.10±4.66) and (13.64±4.40)cpm, and the binocular accommodative facility was (9.01±3.63), (9.56±3.38), (11.58±4.00), (13.31±3.64), and (14.03±3.72)cpm, respectively, with statistically significant overall differences ( F=24.02, 14.46; both P<0.001).Monocular accommodative facility was higher than before surgery at each time point after surgery, and was higher than 1 week after surgery at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05).Binocular accommodative facility was higher at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery than that before surgery and 1 week after surgery, and higher at 3 and 6 months after surgery than that at 1 month after surgery, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05).With the extension of postoperative time, the monocular and binocular adjustment time and relaxation time gradually shortened, and the shortening gradually decreased and stabilized.Monocular adjustment time and relaxation time were shorter than before surgery at all time points after surgery.The monocular adjustment time was shorter at 1, 3 and 6 months after surgery than that at 1 week after surgery and shorter at 3 and 6 months after surgery than that at 1 month after surgery, and the monocular relaxation time was shorter at 3 and 6 months after surgery than that at 1 week after surgery, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05).The binocular adjustment time was shorter at 1, 3 and 6 months after surgery than before surgery and at 1 week after surgery, shorter at 3 and 6 months after surgery than at 1 month after surgery and the binocular relaxation time was shorter at all time points after surgery than that before surgery, showing statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). Conclusions:After ICL implantation, uncorrected visual acuity, accommodative facility, adjustment time and relaxation time all improve throughout the preoperative period and eventually stabilize.

Objective:To analyze the association between standardized management of clinical research, initiated by investigators and guided by clinical research management policies in healthcare institutions, and changes in the research behavior of graduate students.Methods:Theses related to cardiovascular health published by graduate students in the Sichuan-Chongqing region of China between January 2019 and June 2024 were retrieved from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure database. Multilevel models were used to analyze changes in ethical compliance awareness, research methodology standardization, and academic collaboration of graduate students before and after policy implementation. Using Shapiro Wilk test and percentage representation.Results:Among the 712 theses included in this study, the proportion of studies with ethical review reports increased from 44.50% to 55.32% following the implementation of standardized management [odds ratio ( OR)=1.80, P=0.017]. Standardized management significantly improved the quality scores of cross-sectional studies and randomized controlled trials ( P<0.001), as well as significantly increased the frequencies of multi-center collaboration ( OR=2.84, P=0.001) and intra-provincial collaboration ( OR=2.80, P=0.001). Conclusions:Standardized clinical research management shows significant association with positive changes in the research behavior of graduate students. Further optimization of management measures is recommended to comprehensively enhance the clinical research capabilities of graduate students.

Lung cancer poses a serious threat to global public health security.Chemotherapy,as the main strategy for cancer treatment,faces challenges such as high toxicity and drug resistance.Anticancer peptides have the potential of being developed into new anticancer drugs due to their advantages of broad-spectrum anticancer activity,rapid action,and difficulty in generating drug resistance,but they also face shortcomings such as weak activity and strong toxic side effects.The weakly acidic microenvironment of tumors(pH 6.5-6.8)provides a good idea for the design of anticancer peptides of high-efficiency and low-toxicity.Previously,we designed the acid-sensitive antibacterial peptide pHly-1 using the wolf spider(Lycosa singoriensis)toxin Lycosin-Ⅰ as a template.In this study,we found that pHly-1 also had acid-sensitive anticancer activity.Further alanine scanning analysis of pHly-1 was carried out,and we ob-tained a mutant pHTP-2 with better acid sensitivity,whose IC50(half maximal inhibitory concentration)against A549 cells was 15.68 μmol/L at pH 6.6 and was greater than 100 μmol/L at pH 7.4.At pH 6.6,pHTP-2 could act on various lung cancer cell lines and induce the death of A549 cells by rapid ly-sis;at pH 7.4,500 μmol/L pHTP-2 had weak toxicity to red blood cells(the hemolysis rate was ap-proximately 38％)and primary myocardial cells(the inhibition rate was 49.7％,with P＜0.05).Analy-sis of its charge,particle size,morphology,and secondary structure showed that at pH 6.6,the histidine in the sequence of pHTP-2 was protonated,increasing the positive charge(P＜0.01),decreasing the hy-drated particle size(P＜0.05)and forming an α-helical structure to induce membrane lysis of A549 cells.At pH 7.4,it was deprotonated,the positive charge decreases,a β-sheet structure was formed and self-aggregation occurred,limiting its effect on the A549 cell membrane and showing weak activity.In summary,pHTP-2 could respond to the weakly acidic microenvironment of tumors to exert selective cyto-toxic activity,effectively overcoming the shortcomings of anticancer peptides such as low efficiency and high toxicity.Our findings suggest that it is a high-quality lead molecule for anticancer drugs.

Objective:To investigate the changes in accommodative facility after implantation of V4c implantable collamer lens (ICL) using the intelligent flipper (iFLIP).Methods:A serial case-control study was conducted.Forty patients (80 eyes) who underwent ICL implantation of V4c for myopia correction and completed the follow-up were enrolled at the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University from April 2022 to April 2023.Monocular and binocular accommodative facility, adjustment time, and relaxation time were measured with iFLIP before operation and at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after operation.This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University (No.2023-983).Written informed consent was obtained from each subject.Results:Monocular and binocular uncorrected visual acuity at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after surgery were significantly improved compared with before surgery, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05).Monocular and binocular postoperative accommodative facility gradually increased over time, and the increase gradually decreased and gradually stabilized.Before operation and 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after operation, the monocular accommodative facility was (7.99±3.42), (10.19±4.25), (12.03±4.24), (13.10±4.66) and (13.64±4.40)cpm, and the binocular accommodative facility was (9.01±3.63), (9.56±3.38), (11.58±4.00), (13.31±3.64), and (14.03±3.72)cpm, respectively, with statistically significant overall differences ( F=24.02, 14.46; both P<0.001).Monocular accommodative facility was higher than before surgery at each time point after surgery, and was higher than 1 week after surgery at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05).Binocular accommodative facility was higher at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery than that before surgery and 1 week after surgery, and higher at 3 and 6 months after surgery than that at 1 month after surgery, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05).With the extension of postoperative time, the monocular and binocular adjustment time and relaxation time gradually shortened, and the shortening gradually decreased and stabilized.Monocular adjustment time and relaxation time were shorter than before surgery at all time points after surgery.The monocular adjustment time was shorter at 1, 3 and 6 months after surgery than that at 1 week after surgery and shorter at 3 and 6 months after surgery than that at 1 month after surgery, and the monocular relaxation time was shorter at 3 and 6 months after surgery than that at 1 week after surgery, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05).The binocular adjustment time was shorter at 1, 3 and 6 months after surgery than before surgery and at 1 week after surgery, shorter at 3 and 6 months after surgery than at 1 month after surgery and the binocular relaxation time was shorter at all time points after surgery than that before surgery, showing statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). Conclusions:After ICL implantation, uncorrected visual acuity, accommodative facility, adjustment time and relaxation time all improve throughout the preoperative period and eventually stabilize.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Genetic factors are often involved in the pathogenesis of young adult stroke, and its subtype, atherosclerotic type of large arteries, may be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors, but little is known about its underlying pathogenesis. To provide clues for better understanding of identifying relevant stroke etiological genetic factors and adopting effective preventive strategies, the role of genetic factors in atherosclerosis and related risk factors was described, and the possible genetic mechanisms of large-artery atherosclerotic stroke in young people were explored, which may be further investigated in future research in the following areas: etiological typing of stroke in young people and the related genetic mechanisms; modifiable vascular risk factors and the development of secondary prevention strategies; high-resolution vascular imaging magnetic resonance imaging in the etiological typing of stroke in young people and the pathogenesis of premature atherosclerosis and vulnerable plaques.