Objective: To investigate the incidence and independent risk factors of adverse events (AEs) associated with therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) in patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), and to provide evidence to support the safe use of TPE in clinical practice. Methods: This retrospective study included 167 allo-HSCT recipients who underwent a total of 385 TPE procedures between March 2022 and December 2023. Patients were divided into two groups according to the occurrence of TPE-related AEs. Baseline characteristics, plasma exchange parameters, and clinical features were collected. Univariate analysis and multivariable Firth logistic regression were performed to identify independent risk factors for AEs. Results: A total of 385 TPE procedures were performed in 167 allo-HSCT patients, and 33 patients (19.8%) experienced TPE-related AEs. Among the 33 patients who experienced AEs, allergic reactions were the most common (n=18, 54.5%), followed by blood pressure fluctuations (n=11, 33.3%) and hypocalcemia (n=4, 12.1%). Most AEs were classified as grade II (n=23, 69.7%), and no grade IV (fatal) events were observed. Univariate analysis demonstrated a significant difference in the incidence of AEs among different hematocrit (HCT) categories (<20%, 20%-30%, and>30%) (Fisher's exact test, P=0.022). Although the overall difference was statistically significant, none of the pairwise comparisons remained significant after Bonferroni correction (adjusted P>0.0167). Multivariable Firth logistic regression identified higher HCT levels, analyzed as a continuous variable (OR=1.07, 95% CI: 1.01-1.13, P=0.020), and TPE performed for cytokine release syndrome (CRS) (OR=9.21, 95% CI: 1.25-78.00, P=0.030) as potential independent risk factors for TPE-related AEs. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that HCT had an AUC of 0.67 (95% CI: 0.57-0.77) for predicting AEs, with an optimal cutoff value of 24.5%, a sensitivity of 60.6%, and a specificity of 75.4%. Using this cutoff, the AEs rate was significantly higher in patients with HCT≥24.5% than in those with HCT<24.5% (37.7% vs 11.4%, P<0.001). Conclusion: A-mong allo-HSCT patients receiving TPE, allergic reactions were the predominant AEs. Higher HCT levels and TPE performed for CRS may be associated with an increased risk of AEs. HCT≥24.5% may help identify patients requiring intensified monitoring, although its discriminatory ability is moderate (AUC=0.67) and it should not be used as a standalone criterion for clinical decision-making. Findings regarding the CRS subgroup require validation in larger cohorts. Optimizing extracorporeal circuit priming and strengthening peri-procedural monitoring may help improve the safety of TPE.

Acute lung injury (ALI) has been a kind of acute and severe disease that is mainly characterized by systemic uncontrolled inflammatory response to the production of huge amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the lung tissue. Given the critical role of ROS in ALI, a Fe₃O₄ loaded bovine serum albumin (BSA) nanocluster (BF) was developed to act as a nanomedicine for the treatment of ALI. Combining with NIR irradiation, it exhibited excellent ROS scavenging capacity. Significantly, it also displayed the excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functions for lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced macrophages (RAW264.7), and Sprague Dawley rats via lowering intracellular ROS levels, reducing inflammatory factors expression levels, inducing macrophage M2 polarization, inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway, increasing CD4⁺/CD8⁺ T cell ratios, as well as upregulating HSP70 and CD31 expression levels to reprogram redox homeostasis, reduce systemic inflammation, activate immunoregulation, and accelerate lung tissue repair, finally achieving the synergistic enhancement of ALI immunotherapy. It finally provides an effective therapeutic strategy of BF + NIR for the management of inflammation related diseases.

Objective This study aimed to provide an effective scientific basis for prevention and control of cockroaches on aircrafts by identifying cockroach-carried pathogens,and assess the insecticidal efficacy of gel bait mediated cockroach control on aircrafts,to provide technical guidance for aircraft disinsection.Methods Cassette-trapping was used to trap cockroaches,and the carried pathogens were detected using bacterial cultivation techniques.The gel bait mediated killing rate was calculated after 1,7,and 30 d by field application of gel bait.Results A total of 411 cockroaches were captured,and all were identified as Blattella germanica.26 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from the trapped cockroaches.The killing rates of cockroaches were 58.8％-96.3％with 1-30 day application of gel bait.Statistically significant differences were observed in cockroach killing rates on different days(χ2=58.95,P<0.01).Conclusions B.germanica carry a large variety of pathogenic bacteria and opportunistic pathogens and are thus important infectious disease carriers.Gel bait agents have proven to be very effective against cockroaches on aircrafts.

Objective This study aimed to investigate natural infection of rodents with Ehrlichia and Neoehrlichia at major Chinese land-border ports along the"Belt and Road".Methods In 2022,rodents were monitored in 10 ports in northern and southern China and identified based on diagnostic morphological characteristics.The 16S rRNA genes of Ehrlichia and Neoehrlichia were detected by PCR using universal primers from rodent samples and phylogenetic analysis was performed based on the sequences of the detected positive pathogens.Results A total of 356 rodents were sampled,including 2 orders,5 families,15 genera,and 20 species.Predominantly,73,61,56,and 58 were Meriones unguiculatus(20.51%),Rattus norvegicus(17.13%),Apodemus agrarius(15.73%),and Microtus gregalis(16.29%).Only one Microtus fortis from Suifenghe Port was infected with Ehrlichia sp.Moreover,12 rodents were infected with Neoehrlichia spp.(overall positivity rate:3.37%).Conclusions Natural infections with Ehrlichia spp.and Neoehrlichia spp.were demonstrated in rodents at important Chinese land-border ports.The positivity rate of Neoehrlichia spp.was high in some ports,indicating that surveillance for ticks and their prevention and control measures should be intensified in these regions.

Fe/Mn/Gd polymetallic nanooxide(FMGN)were prepared by one-step solvent thermal reaction by using Fe(acac)3,Mn(acac)2 and Gd(acac)3 as reaction precursors.Next,hyaluronic acid(HA)was used to modify FMGN to fabricate tumor-targeting T 1-T 2 dual-mode magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)contrast agent(HA-FMGN)for accurate diagnosis of prostate cancer.The structure and morphology of FMGN were observed by transmission electron microscope(TEM).It was found that FMGN exhibited a uniform nanocluster spherical structure when the feeding ratio of iron acetylacetonate,manganese acetylacetonate,and gadolinium acetylacetonate was 3:2:1.X-ray diffraction(XRD)analysis showed that FMGN had a typical inverse spinel structure of Mn doped Fe 3O 4,with Gd existing in the form of amorphous gadolinium oxide.The longitudinal relaxivity(r 1)and transverse relaxivity(r 2)of FMGN were 13.395 and 428.535 L/(mmol·s),respectively,measured by 0.5 T MRI analyzer,which proved that FMGN had excellent T 1-T 2 dual-mode MRI contrast capability.The cytotoxicity and hemolysis test found that HA-FMGN didn't damage red cells and induce toxicity for normal cells,indicating that HA-FMGN had excellent cell biocompatibility.The internalization efficacy of HA-FMGN was observed by CLSM,and the results showed that HA-FMGN possessed excellent prostate tumor-targeting ability.In vivo MRI experiment showed that HA-FMGN significantly enhanced T 1 and T 2 weighted MRI signal to noise ratio(SNR)of prostate tumor,which promoted the accurate diagnosis of orthotopic prostate cancer.

Medication reconciliation plays a key role in improving patient medication safety,reducing inappropriate polypharmacy,and promoting the high-quality development of pharmaceutical services.Compared to advanced international guidelines,China's medication reconciliation service standards have deficiencies in areas such as definition and process design,and multidisciplinary team building.There is a need to establish a comprehensive medication reconciliation effect evaluation index system,develop pharmacist-led multidisciplinary teams,promote the advancement of artificial intelligence and big data technologies,and strengthen outpatient and community medication reconciliation coverage,thereby contributing to the high-quality development of pharmaceutical services in China.

Objective To investigate Haemaphysalis longicornis carrying Bandavirus dabieense in Yantai, Shandong Province, and provide references for the prevention and control measures of ticks and tick-borne pathogens. Methods Tick surveillance was carried out in Penglai District, Zhaoyuan City, Haiyang City, and other districts, respectively, in Yantai City from March to October in 2023 and 2024. Parasitic ticks were removed from domestic animals by hand-scratching, and questing ticks were collected using the flag-sweeping method. Real-time RT-PCR was used to detect B. dabieense in the collected Hae. longicornis specimens. SPSS22.0 software was used to perform the χ2test or Fisher's exact test to compare the positive rates among different groups. Results A total of 7 646 Hae. longicornis were captured, including 3 232 questing ticks and 4 414 on-host ticks. Nucleic acid(both DNA and RNA)was extracted from 693 ticks grouped by source, development stage, and region. A total of 20 B. dabieense nucleic acid-positive samples were detected. The overall positive detection rate was 2.89% and the minimum infection rate(MIR)was 0.26%. Among them,17 were from adult parasitic ticks, comprising five from dogs, six from sheep, and six from cattle, and the other three were from questing ticks. There was no significant difference in the positive rates of Hae. longicornis from different hosts or from different developmental stages(P＞0.05). Significant differences were observed in the positive rate of Hae. longicornis from different geographic regions(P＜0.05). Conclusions Hae. longicornalis is the dominant tick species in Yantai City, Shandong Province, with evidence from different host sources in various geographic regions. Ecological monitoring and pathogen detection in ticks should be strengthened to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of ticks and tick-borne diseases.

Objective To investigate the correlation between dual-energy computed tomography angiography(CTA)parameters of carotid plaques and acute stroke events.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical and imaging data of patients who underwent dual-energy head and neck CTA and brain MRI scans.Utilizing the Siemens workstation(Syngo.Via VB40B),region of interest(ROI)were placed on the thickest slice of the carotid plaque in the axial plane to obtain parameters such as fat fraction(FF),virtual non-contrast(VNC)value,iodine concentration(IC),electron density(Rho),effective atomic number(Zeff),dual energy index(DEI),spectral curve,and corresponding CT values at 40 keV(40 keVHU)and 90 keV(90 keVHU).The slope of the energy spectrum curve(λ)was calculated within the 40 keV-90 keV range.Patients with acute cerebral infarction(ACI)in the ipsilateral anterior circulation territory were classified into the ACI group,while those without were classified into the non-acute cerebral infarction(NACI)(NACI group).Qualitative data were analyzed using the x2 test,and quantitative data were analyzed using the t-test.The predictive performance was assessed using the area under the curve(AUC)of the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve,and the differences between different ROC curves were compared using the DeLong test.Results A total of 72 patients were included,with 21 in the ACI group and 51 in the NACI group.The mean values of FF,Zeff,and 40 keVHU in the ACI group were greater than those in the NACI group.Statistically significant differences were observed between the groups for Zeff,DEI,40 keVHU,and λ(P＜0.05).40 keVHU demonstrated the highest predictive performance,and the AUC,sensitivity,and specificity was 0.789,81.0％,and 74.5％,respectively.A combined variable constructed through logistic regression analysis yielded an AUC,sensitivity,and specificity of 0.796,85.7％,and 70.6％,respectively,with no significant statistical differences compared to single factor variables.Conclusion Dual-energy CTA parameters of carotid plaques may aid in predicting intraplaque hemorrhage(IPH)and the occurrence of acute stroke events.