Objective:To investigate the value of tumor and adipose tissue metabolic parameters from baseline 18F-FDG PET/CT in predicting the efficacy and prognosis of immunotherapy in patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods:From February 2019 to February 2022, 112 patients (91 males, 21 females, age 21-73 years) with advanced NPC who were treated with programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitors at Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center were retrospectively included. All patients underwent baseline PET/CT examination. Tumor and adipose tissue metabolic parameters were measured and calculated. Patients were divided into clinical benefit and non-clinical benefit groups, and Mann-Whitney U test or χ2 test was used to assess the differences between groups. Prognostic analysis of progression-free survival (PFS) was performed using multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model and a prognostic stratification system was constructed. Results:Of the 112 patients, 85 were in the clinical benefit group and 27 were in the non-clinical benefit group. In non-clinical benefit group and clinical benefit group, the metabolic tumor volume (MTV) of primary tumor (PT-MTV) were 47.7(7.7, 81.2) and 14.0(5.7, 27.1)cm 3, total lesion glycolysis (TLG) of primary tumor (PT-TLG) were 228.9(27.4, 492.8) and 72.7(20.4, 165.5)g, whole-body MTV (WB-MTV) were 94.2(45.9, 215.4) and 61.3(31.6, 104.3)cm 3, whole-body TLG (WB-TLG) were 605.5(214.1, 1 402.5) and 319.2(172.4, 632.8)g, SUV max of visceral adipose tissue (SUV max-VAT) were 0.77(0.55, 0.91) and 0.62(0.48, 0.76), respectively ( Z values: from -2.72 to -1.96, all P<0.05). The proportion of patients with lung metastasis in non-clinical benefit group was higher than that in clinical benefit group (44.4%(12/27) vs 23.5%(20/85); χ2=4.39, P=0.036). PT-MTV (hazard ratio ( HR)=2.807, 95% CI: 1.540-5.118, P=0.001) and the presence of lung metastases ( HR=1.691, 95% CI: 1.012-2.823, P=0.045) were independent predictive factors for PFS in multivariate analysis. The prognostic prediction model based on the two predictive factors was able to significantly differentiate the prognosis in patients. Conclusions:Baseline tumor metabolic parameters and SUV max-VAT are associated with the efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with advanced NPC. PT-MTV and lung metastasis can independently predict PFS. The constructed prediction model can stratify patients′ prognosis.

Objective To investigate the value of intraoperative ultrasound radiomics for predicting isocitrate dehydrogenase 1(IDH1)mutation of high-grade glioma.Methods Ninety-five patients with high-grade glioma(WHO grade Ⅲ and Ⅳ)who underwent craniotomy glioma resection and ultrasound assisted tumor localization during operation and then confirmed by pathology were retrospectively enrolled.The patients were divided into training set(n=66,including 24 IDH1 mutation type and 42 IDH1 wild type)and validation set(n=29,including 11 IDH1 mutation type and 18 IDH1 wild type)at the ratio of 7∶3.Based on intraoperative ultrasound,radiomics features were extracted,the best ones were screened,and a radiomics model was established for predicting IDH1 mutation of high-grade glioma using random forest algorithm.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was plotted,the area under the curve(AUC)was calculated to evaluate the predictive efficacy of the model,and decision curve analysis(DCA)was used to evaluate the clinical value of the model.Results A total of 851 radiomics features were extracted based on intraoperative ultrasound,and finally 5 best ones were screened out to construct a radiomics model.The AUC of the radiomics model for predicting IDH1 mutation of high-grade glioma in training and validation sets was 0.902 and 0.707,respectively,with no significant difference(P=0.097).DCA maps showed that the clinical net benefit of the radiomics model was high.Conclusion Intraoperative ultrasound radiomics could effectively predict IDH1 mutation of high-grade glioma.

Objective To investigate the value of intraoperative ultrasound radiomics for predicting isocitrate dehydrogenase 1(IDH1)mutation of high-grade glioma.Methods Ninety-five patients with high-grade glioma(WHO grade Ⅲ and Ⅳ)who underwent craniotomy glioma resection and ultrasound assisted tumor localization during operation and then confirmed by pathology were retrospectively enrolled.The patients were divided into training set(n=66,including 24 IDH1 mutation type and 42 IDH1 wild type)and validation set(n=29,including 11 IDH1 mutation type and 18 IDH1 wild type)at the ratio of 7∶3.Based on intraoperative ultrasound,radiomics features were extracted,the best ones were screened,and a radiomics model was established for predicting IDH1 mutation of high-grade glioma using random forest algorithm.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was plotted,the area under the curve(AUC)was calculated to evaluate the predictive efficacy of the model,and decision curve analysis(DCA)was used to evaluate the clinical value of the model.Results A total of 851 radiomics features were extracted based on intraoperative ultrasound,and finally 5 best ones were screened out to construct a radiomics model.The AUC of the radiomics model for predicting IDH1 mutation of high-grade glioma in training and validation sets was 0.902 and 0.707,respectively,with no significant difference(P=0.097).DCA maps showed that the clinical net benefit of the radiomics model was high.Conclusion Intraoperative ultrasound radiomics could effectively predict IDH1 mutation of high-grade glioma.

Objective:To investigate the value of tumor and adipose tissue metabolic parameters from baseline 18F-FDG PET/CT in predicting the efficacy and prognosis of immunotherapy in patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods:From February 2019 to February 2022, 112 patients (91 males, 21 females, age 21-73 years) with advanced NPC who were treated with programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitors at Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center were retrospectively included. All patients underwent baseline PET/CT examination. Tumor and adipose tissue metabolic parameters were measured and calculated. Patients were divided into clinical benefit and non-clinical benefit groups, and Mann-Whitney U test or χ2 test was used to assess the differences between groups. Prognostic analysis of progression-free survival (PFS) was performed using multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model and a prognostic stratification system was constructed. Results:Of the 112 patients, 85 were in the clinical benefit group and 27 were in the non-clinical benefit group. In non-clinical benefit group and clinical benefit group, the metabolic tumor volume (MTV) of primary tumor (PT-MTV) were 47.7(7.7, 81.2) and 14.0(5.7, 27.1)cm 3, total lesion glycolysis (TLG) of primary tumor (PT-TLG) were 228.9(27.4, 492.8) and 72.7(20.4, 165.5)g, whole-body MTV (WB-MTV) were 94.2(45.9, 215.4) and 61.3(31.6, 104.3)cm 3, whole-body TLG (WB-TLG) were 605.5(214.1, 1 402.5) and 319.2(172.4, 632.8)g, SUV max of visceral adipose tissue (SUV max-VAT) were 0.77(0.55, 0.91) and 0.62(0.48, 0.76), respectively ( Z values: from -2.72 to -1.96, all P<0.05). The proportion of patients with lung metastasis in non-clinical benefit group was higher than that in clinical benefit group (44.4%(12/27) vs 23.5%(20/85); χ2=4.39, P=0.036). PT-MTV (hazard ratio ( HR)=2.807, 95% CI: 1.540-5.118, P=0.001) and the presence of lung metastases ( HR=1.691, 95% CI: 1.012-2.823, P=0.045) were independent predictive factors for PFS in multivariate analysis. The prognostic prediction model based on the two predictive factors was able to significantly differentiate the prognosis in patients. Conclusions:Baseline tumor metabolic parameters and SUV max-VAT are associated with the efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with advanced NPC. PT-MTV and lung metastasis can independently predict PFS. The constructed prediction model can stratify patients′ prognosis.

Objective To identify clinical risk factors for early major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) following surgical correction of supravalvar aortic stenosis (SVAS). Methods Patients who underwent SVAS surgical correction between 2002 and 2019 in Beijing and Yunnan Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospitals were included. The patients were divided into a MACEs group and a non-MACEs group based on whether MACEs concurring during postoperative hospitalization or within 30 days following surgical correction for SVAS. Their preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative clinical data were collected for multivariate logistic regression. Results This study included 302 patients. There were 199 males and 103 females, with a median age of 63.0 (29.2, 131.2) months. The incidence of early postoperative MACEs was 7.0% (21/302). The multivariate logistic regression model identified independent risk factors for early postoperative MACEs, including ICU duration (OR=1.01, 95%CI 1.00-1.01, P=0.032), intraoperative cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time (OR=1.02, 95%CI 1.01-1.04, P=0.014), aortic annulus diameter (OR=0.65, 95%CI 0.43-0.97, P=0.035), aortic sinus inner diameter (OR=0.75, 95%CI 0.57-0.98, P=0.037), and diameter of the stenosis (OR=0.56, 95%CI 0.35-0.90, P=0.016). Conclusion The independent risk factors for early postoperative MACEs include ICU duration, intraoperative CPB time, aortic annulus diameter, aortic sinus inner diameter, and diameter of the stenosis. Early identification of high-risk populations for MACEs is beneficial for the development of clinical treatment strategies.

Accurate and efficient upper limb movement control is a critical guarantee for astronauts to complete their daily tasks in space.Exploring the laws and mechanisms of the influence of microgravity and nonspecific stressors(isolation,noise,fatigue,etc.)in spaceflight on astronauts'upper limb movement control is an important direction of spaceflight human factors engineering research.This article summarizes the research paradigms and findings of in-orbit upper limb movement control research,revealing patterns such as slowed movements and decreased motor control performance under high cognitive load in spaceflight.It also points out the potential mechanisms underlying the inconsistent research results under various research paradigms.On this basis,the paper addresses existing controversies and shortcomings in previous studies,and puts forward prospects and suggestions for subsequent in-orbit movement control research.

Objective:To analyze the clinical features of Vibrio vulnificus sepsis, so as to provide the basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment, and reducing the mortality rate and improving the prognosis. Methods:The clinical data of 17 patients with Vibrio vulnificus sepsis were retrospectively collected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University from April 2018 to February 2024. Univariate analysis was used to compare the differences of laboratory examinations between the death group (five cases) and the survival group (12 cases). The study was clinical retrospective case-control study. Independent sample t test and Mann-Whitney U test were used as statistical methods when appropriate. Results:Among 17 patients with Vibrio vulnificus sepsis, there were 11 males and six females, aged (63±14) years. Eight cases had a history of handling seafood, three cases had a history of trauma after engaging in sea activities, one case had consumed seafood, and the remaining five cases had unknown causes.Univariate analysis showed that white blood cell count (3.6(2.9, 6.8)×10 9/L vs 12.1(7.4, 21.2)×10 9/L), the platelet count ((40.0±30.4)×10 9/L vs (117.8±76.7)×10 9/L) and fibrinogen level (2.3(2.1, 2.4) g/L vs 3.9(2.9, 6.4) g/L) in the death group were all lower than those in the survival group ( Z=-2.42, t=2.16 and Z=-2.11, respectively, all P<0.05). And the procalcitonin level (89.0 (31.9, 100.0) mg/L vs 23.2(5.4, 47.2) mg/L), thrombin time (17.7(16.2, 30.8) s vs 15.2(14.2, 15.7) s), aspartate aminotransferase level (215.0(75.5, 1 240.5) U/L vs 32.0(20.3, 47.8) U/L), total bilirubin (68.4 (42.0, 93.8) μmol/L vs 21.4 (14.1, 30.5) μmol/L), creatine kinase (7 899.0(364.5, 19 474.5) U/L vs 185.5(40.5, 333.5) U/L) and creatinine ((159.6±61.7) μmol/L vs (79.3±42.4) μmol/L) in the death group were all higher than those in the survival group ( Z=-2.42, -2.22, -2.16, -2.11 and -2.74, t=-3.13, respectively, all P<0.05). The differences were all statistically significant. Conclusions:Vibrio vulnificus infection is highly lethal. Creatine kinase, creatinine and procalcitonin levels in the death group are higher than those in the survival group, while the white blood cell count is lower than that in the surviving group.

By targeting the key gene csgD involved in the biofilm formation of Escherichia coli, we employed molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation to screen the active components of Chinese medicine with inhibitory effects on the biofilm formation from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP). After the anti-biofilm properties of the active components were validated in vitro, data-independent acquisition (DIA) proteomics was employed to further identify the differential proteins involved in interfering with the biofilm formation of Escherichia coli. The mechanisms of inhibition were explored with consideration to the phenotype. Through virtual screening, we identified four candidate active components, including tannic acid, narirutin, salvianolic acid B, and rosmarinic acid. Among them, tannic acid demonstrated significant inhibitory effect on the biofilm formation of E. coli. The analysis of differential proteins, combined with relevant phenotype validation, suggested that tannic acid primarily affected E. coli by intervening in pilus assembly, succinic acid metabolism, and the quorum sensing system. This study provided a lead compound for the development of new drugs against biofilm-associated infections in the future.
Biofilms/drug effects* ; Escherichia coli/metabolism* ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry* ; Tannins/chemistry* ; Cinnamates/metabolism* ; Benzofurans/chemistry* ; Depsides/metabolism* ; Rosmarinic Acid ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry* ; Escherichia coli Proteins/genetics* ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

Objective:To compare the therapeutic efficacy, safety and drug cost between generic enteric-coated mycophenolate sodium (EC-MPS) and branded EC-MPS in immunosuppressive treatment for adult recipients of renal transplantation (RT) .Methods:From January, 2022 to October, 2023, 60 adult RT patients were continuously enrolled and randomized into two groups. Patients receiving generic EC-MPS were selected as cohort 1 (n=30) while those taking branded EC-MPS designated as cohort 2 (n=30). Hepatic/renal function, blood routine parameters, drug concentrations, adverse events (AEs) and drug costs were recorded and compared between two cohorts at baseline (<3 days before/after day of RT, W0), week 1 (W1), week 4 (W4), week 8 (W8), week 12 (W12) and week 24 (W24) post-RT.Results:Only urine protein was elevated at W24[0.4 (0-0.6) vs 0 (0-0.2) g/24 h, P=0.049]in cohort 1 as compared with cohort 2. Aspartate aminotransferase at W12 (15.6±3.3 vs 20.3±9.7 U/L, P=0.010), leucocyte count at W1 (8.4±2.3 vs 10.1±3.8 ×10 9/L, P=0.045) and platelet count at W1 (158.5±51.5 vs 185.8±46.8 ×10 9/L, P=0.036) all declined in cohort 1 as compared with cohort 2. However, these parameters at other timepoints did not vary between two cohorts (all P>0.050). In addition, blood concentration of MPS after dosing, area under the concentration-time curve and trough concentration of tacrolimus at different timepoints were not different between two cohorts (all P>0.050). Similarly, helper T cells (Th), suppressor T cells (Ts), Th/Ts and B cells at W4/12 did not vary between two cohorts (all P>0.050). Concerning drug cost, no difference existed in the number of tablets or length of stay between two cohorts (both P>0.050). However, cost of EC-MPS (￥1 333.5±419.6 vs ￥2 368.6±596.0, P<0.001) and total cost during hospitalization (￥96 403.3±29 159.8 vs ￥117 062.8±28 782.1, P=0.001) were lower in cohort 1 than cohort 2. The most common AEs in cohort 1 included acid regurgitation (n=19, 63.3%), hypoalbuminemia (n=16, 53.3%), anemia (n=12, 40.0%) and hypokalemia (n=11, 36.7%). And the most common AEs in cohort 2 included acid regurgitation (n=20, 66.7%), anemia (n=14, 46.7%) and hypoalbuminemia (n=9, 30.0%). Notably, the incidence of all AEs was not different between two cohorts (all P>0.050) . Conclusion:Generic EC-MPS has comparable therapeutic efficacy and safety profile with lower drug cost in adult RT patients. It provides more options for maintenance treatment in RT patients.

Objective:To compare the therapeutic efficacy, safety and drug cost between generic enteric-coated mycophenolate sodium (EC-MPS) and branded EC-MPS in immunosuppressive treatment for adult recipients of renal transplantation (RT) .Methods:From January, 2022 to October, 2023, 60 adult RT patients were continuously enrolled and randomized into two groups. Patients receiving generic EC-MPS were selected as cohort 1 (n=30) while those taking branded EC-MPS designated as cohort 2 (n=30). Hepatic/renal function, blood routine parameters, drug concentrations, adverse events (AEs) and drug costs were recorded and compared between two cohorts at baseline (<3 days before/after day of RT, W0), week 1 (W1), week 4 (W4), week 8 (W8), week 12 (W12) and week 24 (W24) post-RT.Results:Only urine protein was elevated at W24[0.4 (0-0.6) vs 0 (0-0.2) g/24 h, P=0.049]in cohort 1 as compared with cohort 2. Aspartate aminotransferase at W12 (15.6±3.3 vs 20.3±9.7 U/L, P=0.010), leucocyte count at W1 (8.4±2.3 vs 10.1±3.8 ×10 9/L, P=0.045) and platelet count at W1 (158.5±51.5 vs 185.8±46.8 ×10 9/L, P=0.036) all declined in cohort 1 as compared with cohort 2. However, these parameters at other timepoints did not vary between two cohorts (all P>0.050). In addition, blood concentration of MPS after dosing, area under the concentration-time curve and trough concentration of tacrolimus at different timepoints were not different between two cohorts (all P>0.050). Similarly, helper T cells (Th), suppressor T cells (Ts), Th/Ts and B cells at W4/12 did not vary between two cohorts (all P>0.050). Concerning drug cost, no difference existed in the number of tablets or length of stay between two cohorts (both P>0.050). However, cost of EC-MPS (￥1 333.5±419.6 vs ￥2 368.6±596.0, P<0.001) and total cost during hospitalization (￥96 403.3±29 159.8 vs ￥117 062.8±28 782.1, P=0.001) were lower in cohort 1 than cohort 2. The most common AEs in cohort 1 included acid regurgitation (n=19, 63.3%), hypoalbuminemia (n=16, 53.3%), anemia (n=12, 40.0%) and hypokalemia (n=11, 36.7%). And the most common AEs in cohort 2 included acid regurgitation (n=20, 66.7%), anemia (n=14, 46.7%) and hypoalbuminemia (n=9, 30.0%). Notably, the incidence of all AEs was not different between two cohorts (all P>0.050) . Conclusion:Generic EC-MPS has comparable therapeutic efficacy and safety profile with lower drug cost in adult RT patients. It provides more options for maintenance treatment in RT patients.