Due to its synergistic effects and reduced side effects, combination therapy has become an important strategy for treating complex diseases. In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), the "monarch, minister, assistant, envoy" compatibilities theory provides a systematic framework for drug compatibility and has guided the formation of a large number of classic formulas. However, due to the complex compositions and diverse mechanisms of action of TCM, it is difficult to comprehensively reveal its potential synergistic patterns using traditional methods. Synergistic prediction based on molecular compatibility theory provides new ideas for identifying combinations of active compounds in TCM. Compared to resource-intensive traditional experimental methods, artificial intelligence possesses the ability to mine synergistic patterns from multi-omics and structural data, providing an efficient means for modeling and optimizing TCM combinations. This paper systematically reviews the application progress of AI in the synergistic prediction of TCM active compounds and explores the challenges and prospects of its application in modeling combination relationships, thereby contributing to the modernization of TCM theory and methodological innovation.
Artificial Intelligence ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional/methods* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology* ; Humans ; Drug Synergism

Objective To explore the mechanism of action of Neiyi Soft Extract in the treatment of endometriosis(EMS)based on network pharmacology and transcriptomics.Methods A model of SD rat with EMS was replicated by autotransplantation method.After successful modeling,the rats were randomly divided into model group,Neiyi Soft Extract low-,medium-and high-dose groups and dienogest group,with 10 rats in each group.Another sham-operated group(10 rats)was set up.After four consecutive weeks of intervention,the volume size of the endometriotic lesions was measured,and its pathological changes were detected by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining.RNA was extracted from the rat lesions for transcriptomic sequencing,and Gene Ontology(GO)enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)functional enrichment analysis were performed on the differential genes among various groups.The main active ingredients and their targets of Neiyi Soft Extract were collected and screened in databases such as TCMSP,the disease targets of EMS were collected through databases such as OMIM,the intersection targets between the drug ingredient targets and the diseases were obtained by using Venn diagrams,GO enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of genes in the intersection targets of the drug ingredients and the diseases were performed by using gene enrichment analysis online tool(Metascape).The network pharmacology enrichment pathway and transcriptomics enrichment pathway were taken for intersection,the mRNA and protein expression levels of the key targets on the intersection pathway were correspondingly detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR)and Western Blot,respectively.Results The volume of lesions in the model group was significantly increased compared with that of the sham-operated group(P<0.01);the volume of lesions in rats in the drug-administered groups was significantly reduced compared with that of the model group(P<0.05).A total of 341 active ingredients were obtained from Neiyi Soft Extract,and there were 2 178 disease-related targets of EMS,and 278 intersections between drug targets and disease targets;189 differential genes were screened in the sham-operated group and the model group;255 differential genes were screened in the model group and Neiyi Soft Extract high-dose group;and 740 differential genes were screened in the sham-operated group and the Neiyi Soft Extract high-dose group,including 390 up-regulated genes and 350 down-regulated genes.The result of intersection of KEGG enrichment pathways between the network pharmacology and transcriptomics showed that the distriution mainly included P53 signaling pathway,FOXO signaling pathway,cell cycle,etc.The qPCR and Western Blot validation results showed that Neiyi Soft Extract could inhibit the proliferation of endometrial stromal cells and up-regulated the mRNA and protein expression levels of BAX,Caspase3 in EMS rats(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and down-regulated BCL-2 mRNA and protein expression levels(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusion Neiyi Soft Extract may play a therapeutic role in the treatment of EMS by regulating the P53 signaling pathway.

Objective To investigate the intervention effect and mechanism of LUO's Neiyi Prescription on the proliferation and angiogenesis of eutopic endometrium in rats with endometriosis(EMs)based on hypoxia-inducible factor 1A(HIF1A)/enhancer of zeste homolog 2(EZH2)/anthrax toxin receptor 2(ANTXR2)signaling pathway.Methods SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group,model group,Danazol group(4.2 g·kg-1),low-dose LUO's Neiyi Prescription group and high-dose LUO's Neiyi Prescription group(15.74,31.48 g·kg-1),eight rats in each group.The rat model of EMs with qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome was constructed by autologous endometrial transplantation combined with multi-factor intervention.Intragastric administration was given once a day for 28 consecutive days.The pathological changes of endometrial tissue were observed by HE staining.The expression levels of proliferating cell protein 67(Ki67)and platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1(CD31)in endometrial tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry.The mRNA and protein expression levels of HIF1A,EZH2 and ANTXR2 in endometrial tissues were detected by qRT-PCR and Western Blot.The expression levels of YAP1,CD44 and β-catenin in endometrial tissues were detected by Western Blot.Results Compared with the sham operation group,the epithelial cells of the eutopic endometrium of the model group were thickened,the interstitial cells were arranged disorderly,and the inflammatory cells increased.The expression levels of Ki67 and CD31 in endometrial tissues were significantly increased(P＜0.01),the mRNA and protein expression levels of HIF1A and ANTXR2 were significantly increased(P＜0.01),while the mRNA and protein expression levels of EZH2 were significantly decreased(P＜0.01),and the protein expression levels of YAP1,CD44 and β-catenin were significantly increased(P＜0.01).Compared with the model group,the epithelial layer of the eutopic endometrial tissue of the rats in each administration group became thinner,the interstitial disorder and inflammatory infiltration were improved,and the levels of Ki67 and CD31 in the eutopic endometrial tissue were significantly decreased(P＜0.01).The mRNA and protein expression levels of HIF1A and ANTXR2 in the endometrium of rats in the Danazol group and the high-dose LUO's Neiyi Prescription group were significantly decreased(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),and the mRNA and protein expression levels of EZH2 were significantly increased(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).The protein expression levels of YAP1,CD44 and β-catenin in endometrial tissue of rats in each administration group were significantly decreased(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Conclusion LUO's Neiyi Prescription can play a role in the treatment of EMs by inhibiting the proliferation and angiogenesis of eutopic endometrial cells,and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of HIF1A/EZH2/ANTXR2 signaling pathway.

Curettage is the main treatment method for oral maxillofacial cystic lesions,but simple curettage may easily damage surrounding structures such as adjacent teeth and nerves,leading to incomplete removal of the cyst and large jaw defects.The curettage assisted by endoscopy can provide a good surgical field for the surgeons,can clearly identify the important anatomical structure during the operation and can remove the cyst wall tissue as much as possible,thereby reducing the damage and reducing the recurrence rate of the lesion.This article combines the characteristics of maxillofacial surgery with clinical treatment experience,summarizes relevant literature from both domestic and international sources,and engages in discussions with experts in order to provide reference for the clinical treatment of jaw cystic lesions with endo-scope assisted curettage.

The study is designed to explore new methods of evaluation for teachers′ comprehensive ability in general medicine. In the whole education process of resident aiming at general practitioner (GP) residency post competency, the authors made comprehensive evaluation of GP faculty, and created a comprehensive GP faculty evaluation model of result orientation. The efforts aim at exploring and introducing faculty evaluation methods and promoting education quality, in order to develop outstanding GP residents of strong post competency.

Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) , in order to relieve the pressure of outpatient services, especially fever clinic service in hospital, and to avoid the cross-infection among patients, the general practice team of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital has opened free online counseling service. This article introduces the workflow and related contents of the online counseling mode of general practice under the COVID-19 epidemic situation, so as to provide reference for medical institutions to implement "internet+general practice" mode of counseling service.

Objective To investigate the clinical application of the fine needle aspiration on spleen by ultrasonic guidance.Methods The fine needle aspiration by ultrasonic guidance was performed on 36 patients with spleen diseases.Among them,29 patients underwent diagnostic puncture,and the other 7 patients underwent remedial puncture.The definite diagnosis rate of the diagnostic puncture group was calculated by organism pathology and cytology result,as well as final diagnosis after the operation,while the curative effect of the remedial puncture group was appraised by re-examination after the operation.Results The definite diagnosis rate of the diagnostic puncture was higher,and the definite diagnosis rate of histology biopsy group(85.7%)was higher than that of cytology aspiration group(62.5%).All the patients who took remedial puncture were cured.Conclusion The fine needle aspiration on spleen by ultrasonic guidance has very important practical value in identifying the diagnosis of spleen disorders and treating fluidity processes of spleen.