Ferroptosis is a form of programmed cell death,which plays a crucial driving role in the onset and progression of diabetic nephropathy(DN).Ferroptosis is closely related to the damage of renal intrinsic cells in patients with diabetes.Chinese materia medica can improve DN by regulating the ferroptosis of renal intrinsic cells,with a good research and application prospect.This article reviewed the key regulatory factors and regulatory pathways of ferroptosis in DN,explained the"imbalance between yin and yang"of ferroptosis in DN based on TCM theories,and combed the research status of targeted inhibition of ferroptosis by active components of Chinese materia medica.The regulation of active components of Chinese materia medica on ferroptosis in DN has the characteristics of multiple targets,multiple links and integrity,which can provide a reference for the mechanism research and drug development of Chinese materia medica in treating DN.

Objective:To investigate the expression characteristics of Zeste enhancer of Zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) in breast cancer tissue and its influence on tumor progression and prognosis.Methods:Transcriptome data of breast cancer tissue and normal breast tissue adjacent to cancer as well as clinical data of patients were obtained from the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) database, gene expression comprehensive database and European genome phenotype archives database, and the difference of EZH2 expression was analyzed using TIMER 2.0 platform. The survival information of breast cancer patients was obtained from the Kaplan Meier Plotter database, and the overall survival time, relapse free survival time and distant metastasis free survival time of breast cancer patients with low EZH2 expression and high EZH2 expression were compared. Select 14 nude mice were selected and randomly divided into si-EZH2 group and control group, with 7 mice in each group.MCF7 culture suspensions transfected with EZH2 knockdown plasmid and control plasmid were inoculated for corresponding group. The body mass and tumor volume of two groups of nude mice inoculated with MCF7 cells were compared at different times. On the 28th day, the nude mice were euthanized and the tumors were dissected to compare the tumor mass of the two groups of nude mice. The normally distributed quantitative data was represented by xˉ ± s. Two independent sample t-tests were used for comparison between two groups, repeated measures ANOVA was used for comparison of body mass and tumor volume between two groups of nude mice at different times, and Bonferroni test was used for pairwise comparison. The comparison of survival rates was conducted using log rank test. Results:A total of 1085 breast cancer tissues and 291 normal adjacent breast tissues were included in the TCGA database. EZH2 expression in breast cancer tissues was higher than that in normal adjacent breast tissues ( P<0.05). In the Kaplan Meier Plotter database, the total survival time, relapse free survival time, and distant metastasis free survival time of breast cancer patients in the EZH2 overexpression group were shorter than those in the EZH2 low expression group ( P=0.013, <0.001, <0.001). After 7 days of inoculation with MCF7 culture suspension, significant subcutaneous tumors were observed on the left back of both groups of nude mice. On the first day, there were no statistically significant difference in body mass between the two groups of nude mice ( P>0.05); On day 7, 13, 19, 25, and 28, the body mass and tumor volume of both groups of nude mice gradually increased (nude mouse body mass: within group F=29.31, P<0.001, between groups F=234.32, P<0.001, Finteraction=16.83, P<0.001; Tumor volume: within group F=34.00, P<0.001, between groups F=193.17, P<0.001, Finteraction=35.61, P<0.001). And the body mass of the siEZH2 group nude mice was higher than that of control group (all P<0.05). On days 19, 25, and 28, tumor the volume of the siEZH2 group nude mice was smaller than that of control group (all P<0.05). On the 28th day, the mass of tumors dissected in the siEZH2 group of nude mice was lower than that in the control group [(0.30±0.07) g vs. (0.61±0.14) g, t=5.16, P<0.001]。 Conclusions:EZH2 is highly expressed in breast cancer tissues and is significantly associated with poor prognosis. Knockdown of EZH2 can significantly inhibit the proliferation and tumor formation of breast cancer cells.

Objective:To observe the effect of mirror threshold load training on respiration of persons with respiratory muscle fatigue after a cerebral hemorrhage.Methods:Fifty cerebral hemorrhage patients with respiratory muscle fatigue were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, each of 25. In addition to routine rehabilitation training, the control group was given threshold load training of the respiratory muscles, while the observation group was provided with mirror threshold load training, twice a day in the morning and afternoon, 5 days a week for 4 weeks. Before the experiment and after 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks of the treatment, everyone′s maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximum expiratory pressure (MEP) was recorded. Before and after the 4 weeks forced expiration volume in the first second (FEV1) was measured along with 25% of the forced expiration volume (FEF25), maximum sound time (MPT) and respiration rate (RR).Results:At each time point the MIP and MEP values of both groups were significantly better than those before the treatment. After 4 weeks the average MIP and MEP values of the observation group were significantly better than those of the control group. And after 4 weeks the FEV1, FEF25, MPT and RR values of both groups had also improved significantly, on average. All of the observation group′s averages except MPT were then significantly better than the control group′s averages.Conclusions:Mirror threshold load training of the respiratory muscles can significantly improve the respiration of persons with respiratory muscle fatigue after a cerebral hemorrhage. It is more effective than respiratory muscle threshold load training.

ObjectiveTo evaluate pharmacological effects of Shengmai injection（SMI）on cerebral ischemia and study its neuroprotective mechanism. MethodsMale specific pathogen-free （SPF） Sprague-Dawley （SD） rats were randomly divided into a sham group， a model group， a low-dose SMI group（3 mL·kg^-1）， a middle-dose SMI group（6 mL·kg^-1）， a high-dose SMI group（12 mL·kg^-1）， and a Ginaton group（4 mL·kg^-1）according to the random number table method， with 12 rats in each group. The rat model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion（MCAO/R）was prepared via the suture method. The administration groups were intraperitoneally injected with corresponding concentrations of SMI or Ginaton injection after reperfusion， which was conducted for 3 consecutive days. The sham group and model group were administered the equivalent volume of physiological saline. The pharmacological effects of SMI on brain injury in MCAO/R rats were evaluated by neurological function scores， cerebral infarction area， hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining， Nissl staining， terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling （TUNEL） staining， and Western blot. The dominant link and key protein of SMI treating cerebral injury were explored using proteomic analysis. The related mechanisms of SMI were further validated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）， Western blot， and chloride ion fluorescence probe with oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation（OGD/R）-treated PC12 cells and MCAO/R rats. ResultsCompared with the sham group， the model group showed significantly increased neurological function scores， cerebral infarction area， neuronal apoptosis rate， and expression levels of apoptosis related proteins （P<0.05， P<0.01）and significantly decreased density of Nissl bodies and neurons（P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the SMI groups exhibited significantly decreased neurological function scores， cerebral infarction area， neuronal apoptosis rate， and expression levels of apoptosis related proteins （P<0.05， P<0.01）and significantly increased density of Nissl bodies and neurons （P<0.05）. The proteomic analysis results showed that oxidative stress and inflammatory response were important processes of SMI intervening in MCAO/R injury， and the chloride intracellular channel protein 1 （CLIC1） was one of key proteins in its action network. The levels of representative indicators of oxidative stress and inflammatory response in the MCAO/R rats of the SMI groups were significantly reduced， compared with those in the model group（P<0.05， P<0.01）， and the expression levels of CLIC1 and downstream NOD-like receptor protein 3 （NLRP3） decreased （P<0.01）. In addition， the experimental results based on the OGD/R PC12 cells showed that SMI significantly increased the cell survival rate（P<0.01） and significantly decreased the intracellular chloride ion concentration（P<0.05）. ConclusionSMI has neuroprotective effects. Oxidative stress and inflammatory response are key processes of SMI intervening in MCAO/R injury. The potential mechanism is closely related to the regulation of CLIC1.

Ferroptosis is a form of programmed cell death,which plays a crucial driving role in the onset and progression of diabetic nephropathy(DN).Ferroptosis is closely related to the damage of renal intrinsic cells in patients with diabetes.Chinese materia medica can improve DN by regulating the ferroptosis of renal intrinsic cells,with a good research and application prospect.This article reviewed the key regulatory factors and regulatory pathways of ferroptosis in DN,explained the"imbalance between yin and yang"of ferroptosis in DN based on TCM theories,and combed the research status of targeted inhibition of ferroptosis by active components of Chinese materia medica.The regulation of active components of Chinese materia medica on ferroptosis in DN has the characteristics of multiple targets,multiple links and integrity,which can provide a reference for the mechanism research and drug development of Chinese materia medica in treating DN.

Objective:To investigate the expression characteristics of Zeste enhancer of Zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) in breast cancer tissue and its influence on tumor progression and prognosis.Methods:Transcriptome data of breast cancer tissue and normal breast tissue adjacent to cancer as well as clinical data of patients were obtained from the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) database, gene expression comprehensive database and European genome phenotype archives database, and the difference of EZH2 expression was analyzed using TIMER 2.0 platform. The survival information of breast cancer patients was obtained from the Kaplan Meier Plotter database, and the overall survival time, relapse free survival time and distant metastasis free survival time of breast cancer patients with low EZH2 expression and high EZH2 expression were compared. Select 14 nude mice were selected and randomly divided into si-EZH2 group and control group, with 7 mice in each group.MCF7 culture suspensions transfected with EZH2 knockdown plasmid and control plasmid were inoculated for corresponding group. The body mass and tumor volume of two groups of nude mice inoculated with MCF7 cells were compared at different times. On the 28th day, the nude mice were euthanized and the tumors were dissected to compare the tumor mass of the two groups of nude mice. The normally distributed quantitative data was represented by xˉ ± s. Two independent sample t-tests were used for comparison between two groups, repeated measures ANOVA was used for comparison of body mass and tumor volume between two groups of nude mice at different times, and Bonferroni test was used for pairwise comparison. The comparison of survival rates was conducted using log rank test. Results:A total of 1085 breast cancer tissues and 291 normal adjacent breast tissues were included in the TCGA database. EZH2 expression in breast cancer tissues was higher than that in normal adjacent breast tissues ( P<0.05). In the Kaplan Meier Plotter database, the total survival time, relapse free survival time, and distant metastasis free survival time of breast cancer patients in the EZH2 overexpression group were shorter than those in the EZH2 low expression group ( P=0.013, <0.001, <0.001). After 7 days of inoculation with MCF7 culture suspension, significant subcutaneous tumors were observed on the left back of both groups of nude mice. On the first day, there were no statistically significant difference in body mass between the two groups of nude mice ( P>0.05); On day 7, 13, 19, 25, and 28, the body mass and tumor volume of both groups of nude mice gradually increased (nude mouse body mass: within group F=29.31, P<0.001, between groups F=234.32, P<0.001, Finteraction=16.83, P<0.001; Tumor volume: within group F=34.00, P<0.001, between groups F=193.17, P<0.001, Finteraction=35.61, P<0.001). And the body mass of the siEZH2 group nude mice was higher than that of control group (all P<0.05). On days 19, 25, and 28, tumor the volume of the siEZH2 group nude mice was smaller than that of control group (all P<0.05). On the 28th day, the mass of tumors dissected in the siEZH2 group of nude mice was lower than that in the control group [(0.30±0.07) g vs. (0.61±0.14) g, t=5.16, P<0.001]。 Conclusions:EZH2 is highly expressed in breast cancer tissues and is significantly associated with poor prognosis. Knockdown of EZH2 can significantly inhibit the proliferation and tumor formation of breast cancer cells.

Objective:To observe the effect of mirror threshold load training on respiration of persons with respiratory muscle fatigue after a cerebral hemorrhage.Methods:Fifty cerebral hemorrhage patients with respiratory muscle fatigue were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, each of 25. In addition to routine rehabilitation training, the control group was given threshold load training of the respiratory muscles, while the observation group was provided with mirror threshold load training, twice a day in the morning and afternoon, 5 days a week for 4 weeks. Before the experiment and after 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks of the treatment, everyone′s maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximum expiratory pressure (MEP) was recorded. Before and after the 4 weeks forced expiration volume in the first second (FEV1) was measured along with 25% of the forced expiration volume (FEF25), maximum sound time (MPT) and respiration rate (RR).Results:At each time point the MIP and MEP values of both groups were significantly better than those before the treatment. After 4 weeks the average MIP and MEP values of the observation group were significantly better than those of the control group. And after 4 weeks the FEV1, FEF25, MPT and RR values of both groups had also improved significantly, on average. All of the observation group′s averages except MPT were then significantly better than the control group′s averages.Conclusions:Mirror threshold load training of the respiratory muscles can significantly improve the respiration of persons with respiratory muscle fatigue after a cerebral hemorrhage. It is more effective than respiratory muscle threshold load training.

Acute fatty liver in pregnancy (Acute fatty liver of pregnancy, AFLP) in pregnancy is a relatively rare critical condition in obstetrics, which is difficult to distinguish in the early stages due to the non-specificity of its clinical manifestations. However, early recognition and timely termination of pregnancy is significant for the treatment of AFLP and is crucial to reduce mortality.This paper will report in detail a patient with AFLP at 37 weeks' gestation, mainly presenting with nausea and vomiting for 1 week and yellow skin for 2 days.Due to the relatively long course of the disease, the patient suffered a regrettable result of fetal death after emergency admission, and severe coagulation dysfunction, pulmonary edema, and pancreatitis occurred.The multidisciplinary team from the department of anesthesiology, ICU, hematology, blood transfusion department and so on, actively corrected coagulation disorders and multiple organ injuries in the emergency termination of pregnancy, and the patient had a good prognosis.The importance of early identification for the treatment of AFLP patients can be demonstrated, and the changes of coagulation function can be closely monitored to guide clinical treatment.

HELLP syndrome, also known as hemolytic syndrome, elevated liver enzymes, and thrombocytopenia syndrome, is a severe pregnancy complication associated with hypertension and is associated with poor maternal and child outcomes. Although the understanding of the disease by the obstetrician has been gradually improved in the clinical work, some patients with HELLP syndrome still have difficulties and challenges in the process of clinical diagnosis and treatment due to their rapid onset and rapid progress. This paper reports a case of HELLP syndrome treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, hoping to provide ideas for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of the literature review.

HELLP syndrome, also known as hemolytic syndrome, elevated liver enzymes, and thrombocytopenia syndrome, is a severe pregnancy complication associated with hypertension and is associated with poor maternal and child outcomes. Although the understanding of the disease by the obstetrician has been gradually improved in the clinical work, some patients with HELLP syndrome still have difficulties and challenges in the process of clinical diagnosis and treatment due to their rapid onset and rapid progress. This paper reports a case of HELLP syndrome treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, hoping to provide ideas for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of the literature review.