Objective:To explore the effect of social cognition and interaction training (SCIT) combined with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) on intrinsic motivation and social cognition in patients with schizophrenia.Methods:Forty-two stable schizophrenia patients were randomly divided into the SCIT + TMS group( n=22) and the SCIT group( n=20). All the subjects received 20 sessions of SCIT treatment, and the SCIT+ TMS group simultaneously received 15 sessions of intermittent theta burst stimulation(iTBS) over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(DLPFC). All the subjects were assessed by intrinsic motivation inventory for schizophrenia research(IMI-SR), Chinese version of the ambiguous intentions hostility questionnaire(AIHQ-C), theory of mind-picture sequencing task(ToM-PST), mentalization scale (MentS), Chinese version of interpersonal reactivity index (IRI-C) and positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) before and after intervention. SPSS 26.0 software was used for data analysis.Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for intra-group comparison before and after treatment, while Mann-Whitney U test and covariance analysis were used for inter-group comparison.Spearman correlation analysis and Logistic regression analyses were used to explore the association between the intrinsic motivation and social cognition. Results:There were no significant differences on IMI-SR scores before and after treatment between the two groups(all P>0.05). In the SCIT+ TMS group, the total score of hostility bias (HB), HB scores in ambiguous scenes, HB scores in intentional scenes, and aggressive bias (AB) scores in ambiguous scenes of AIHQ-C scale after treatment were lower than those befor treatment( Z=-2.044--3.112, all P<0.05), while the total score of ToM-PST(18.50(16.00, 21.00) vs 15.50(11.75, 18.00), Z=-2.598, P=0.009) and IRI-C imagination score (12.18±3.79, 14.41±4.73, t=-2.694, P=0.014) were higher than those before treatment.In the SCIT group, the total score of ToM-PST after treatment was higher than that before treatment(21.00(20.00, 22.00) vs 17.00(14.50, 20.75), Z=-2.518, P=0.012).There was no significant statistical difference in MentS scores between after treatment and before treatment ( P>0.05). The difference in AIHQ-C intentional scenario AB score before and after treatment was higher in the SCIT+ TMS group than in the SCIT group ( Z=-1.996, P=0.046), while there was no statistically significant difference in the difference before and after treatment in social cognitive scores between the two groups (all P>0.05).In the combined two samples, Spearman correlation analysis showed that the total score of IMI-SR before treatment was positively correlated with the primary belief score of ToM-PST understanding, reciprocity score, MentS total score, other person mentalization score, motivation mentalization score, IRI-C total score, viewpoint taking score, and empathy concern score after treatment( r=0.341-0.509, all P<0.05), while negatively correlated with AIHQ-C total score and factor scores ( r=-0.434--0.645, P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that the total score of IMI-SR had negative impact on AIHQ-C total HB score( B=-0.047, OR=0.954, 95% CI=0.917-0.993).The value score had a positive impact on the total score of MentS ( B=0.143, OR=1.154, 95% CI=1.043-1.277), other person mentalization score( B=0.166, OR=1.181, 95% CI=1.058-1.318), motivation mentalization score( B=0.111, OR=1.117, 95% CI=1.021-1.223), IRI-C total score ( B=0.138, OR=1.148, 95% CI=1.038-1.270), and viewpoint taking score( B=0.194, OR=1.214, 95% CI=1.076-1.369). Interest score had a positive impact on IRI-C empathy concern score ( B=0.098, OR=1.103, 95% CI=0.998-1.218) and ToM-PST understanding primary belief score( B=0.130, OR=1.138, 95% CI=1.010-1.283) and reciprocity score( B=0.189, OR=1.208, 95% CI=1.057-1.380). Conclusion:The research results did not confirm the effect of TMS over the DLPFC on enhancing intrinsic motivation, as well as the synergistic effect of SCIT treatment on social cognition. But the correlation results indicates that improving schizophrenia patients' intrinsic motivation level in cognitive training is meaningful for promoting social cognition.

Objective:To explore the effect of social cognition and interaction training (SCIT) combined with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) on intrinsic motivation and social cognition in patients with schizophrenia.Methods:Forty-two stable schizophrenia patients were randomly divided into the SCIT + TMS group( n=22) and the SCIT group( n=20). All the subjects received 20 sessions of SCIT treatment, and the SCIT+ TMS group simultaneously received 15 sessions of intermittent theta burst stimulation(iTBS) over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(DLPFC). All the subjects were assessed by intrinsic motivation inventory for schizophrenia research(IMI-SR), Chinese version of the ambiguous intentions hostility questionnaire(AIHQ-C), theory of mind-picture sequencing task(ToM-PST), mentalization scale (MentS), Chinese version of interpersonal reactivity index (IRI-C) and positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) before and after intervention. SPSS 26.0 software was used for data analysis.Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for intra-group comparison before and after treatment, while Mann-Whitney U test and covariance analysis were used for inter-group comparison.Spearman correlation analysis and Logistic regression analyses were used to explore the association between the intrinsic motivation and social cognition. Results:There were no significant differences on IMI-SR scores before and after treatment between the two groups(all P>0.05). In the SCIT+ TMS group, the total score of hostility bias (HB), HB scores in ambiguous scenes, HB scores in intentional scenes, and aggressive bias (AB) scores in ambiguous scenes of AIHQ-C scale after treatment were lower than those befor treatment( Z=-2.044--3.112, all P<0.05), while the total score of ToM-PST(18.50(16.00, 21.00) vs 15.50(11.75, 18.00), Z=-2.598, P=0.009) and IRI-C imagination score (12.18±3.79, 14.41±4.73, t=-2.694, P=0.014) were higher than those before treatment.In the SCIT group, the total score of ToM-PST after treatment was higher than that before treatment(21.00(20.00, 22.00) vs 17.00(14.50, 20.75), Z=-2.518, P=0.012).There was no significant statistical difference in MentS scores between after treatment and before treatment ( P>0.05). The difference in AIHQ-C intentional scenario AB score before and after treatment was higher in the SCIT+ TMS group than in the SCIT group ( Z=-1.996, P=0.046), while there was no statistically significant difference in the difference before and after treatment in social cognitive scores between the two groups (all P>0.05).In the combined two samples, Spearman correlation analysis showed that the total score of IMI-SR before treatment was positively correlated with the primary belief score of ToM-PST understanding, reciprocity score, MentS total score, other person mentalization score, motivation mentalization score, IRI-C total score, viewpoint taking score, and empathy concern score after treatment( r=0.341-0.509, all P<0.05), while negatively correlated with AIHQ-C total score and factor scores ( r=-0.434--0.645, P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that the total score of IMI-SR had negative impact on AIHQ-C total HB score( B=-0.047, OR=0.954, 95% CI=0.917-0.993).The value score had a positive impact on the total score of MentS ( B=0.143, OR=1.154, 95% CI=1.043-1.277), other person mentalization score( B=0.166, OR=1.181, 95% CI=1.058-1.318), motivation mentalization score( B=0.111, OR=1.117, 95% CI=1.021-1.223), IRI-C total score ( B=0.138, OR=1.148, 95% CI=1.038-1.270), and viewpoint taking score( B=0.194, OR=1.214, 95% CI=1.076-1.369). Interest score had a positive impact on IRI-C empathy concern score ( B=0.098, OR=1.103, 95% CI=0.998-1.218) and ToM-PST understanding primary belief score( B=0.130, OR=1.138, 95% CI=1.010-1.283) and reciprocity score( B=0.189, OR=1.208, 95% CI=1.057-1.380). Conclusion:The research results did not confirm the effect of TMS over the DLPFC on enhancing intrinsic motivation, as well as the synergistic effect of SCIT treatment on social cognition. But the correlation results indicates that improving schizophrenia patients' intrinsic motivation level in cognitive training is meaningful for promoting social cognition.

Objective To explore the relationships of ultrasound vascular index quantification and elastic modulus with biological characteristics of breast cancer and its clinical significance. Methods A total of 103 patients with breast cancer who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) were selected as study subjects. The relationships of the quantification of vascular index (VI) and maximum elastic modulus (E_max) of shear wave elastography (SWE) with the biological characteristics of breast cancer before NAC were analyzed. According to the pathological response of NAC, the patients were divided into significant response group and non-significant response group. The change rates of VI and E_max at the end of different cycles of NAC were compared between the two groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the change rates of VI and E_max at the end of different cycles to predict the pathological response of NAC in breast cancer. Results Before NAC, VI and E_max were related to the degree of differentiation, pathological stage and HER-2 expression in breast cancer tissues (P < 0.05). The significant response group had higher change rates of VI and E_max at the end of 1, 2, and 4 week of NAC compared to the non-significant response group (P < 0.01). At the end of the second cycle, AUC of change rates of VI combined with E_max predicted the pathological response of NAC in breast cancer was 0.918, with the sensitivity of 0.874, and specificity of 0.905, which were higher than 0.832 of AUC, 0.78 of sensitivity, and 0.827 of specificity at the end of 1 week of NAC, and were higher than 0.853 of AUC, 0.827 of sensitivity, and 0.849 of specificity at the end of the fourth week. Conclusion VI and E_max are correlated with the degree of differentiation, pathological stage and HER-2 expression in breast cancer. At the end of the second cycle of chemotherapy, the change rates of the VI combined with E_max have the best efficacy in predicting the pathological reaction of NAC in breast cancer.

Objective:This study aimed to explore the status of radiological Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) among school-aged children in Chamdo City, Tibet, through a 3-year monitoring survey, providing epidemiological evidence for prevention and control strategies.Methods:The target areas for this study were Luolong, Bianba, and Basu counties in Chamdo City, Tibet Autonomous Region, identified as having the most severe historical cases of KBD. Children aged 7-12 years attending school were enrolled as study subjects. Anteroposterior X-ray films of the right-hand were taken, and radiological diagnoses were made based on the "Diagnosis of Kashin-Beck Disease" criteria (WS/T 207-2010). Two experienced researchers independently reviewed the X-rays, and intra- and inter-group consistency were assessed using weighted Kappa values and percentage agreement. Cross-sectional surveys were conducted in 2017 and 2020 to describe the X-ray detection rates of KBD, and logistic regression analysis was employed to construct a predictive model of risk factors for radiological KBD cases.Results:In 2017, a total of 5,711 children aged 7-12 years in Chamdo City, Tibet, participated in the baseline cross-sectional survey (average age 9.2 years, 48.0% female), with 28 cases of radiological KBD. The age- and gender-standardized prevalence rate was 0.527%. In 2020, 6,771 participants (average age 9.3 years, 49.5% female) underwent a second cross-sectional survey, with 9 cases of radiological KBD and a standardized prevalence rate of 0.134%. Logistic regression analysis indicated that older age [ OR=2.439, 95% CI(1.299, 4.580), P=0.006] and female gender [ OR=8.157, 95% CI(1.016, 65.528), P=0.048] were independent risk factors for radiological KBD cases. Conversely, higher residential altitude, under the premise of Tibet's high altitude, was a protective factor [ OR=0.995, 95% CI(0.990, 0.999), P=0.032). Conclusion:The radiographically positive detection rate of KBD among school-aged children in Chamdo City, Tibet Autonomous Region, is at an extremely low level and showing a declining trend, reaching the historical standard in 2020. Considering the absence of positive signs in affected children, it suggests that local KBD has been effectively eliminated.

Objective:To investigate the effect of deviation from the isocenter point on the quality of CT images at the same radiation dose.Methods:A 160-layer CT scanner was used to scan the phantom at isocenter and deviations of 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 cm. CT was performed with the following parameters: 120 kVp; 400 mAs; slice thickness, 1 mm; and slice increment, 1 mm. Images were reconstructed using the filtered back projection algorithm. Noise power spectrum (NPS), task transfer function (TTF) and detectability index (d′) were measured. NPS peak was used to quantify the noise magnitude and TTF 50% was used to quantify the spatial resolution. NPS, TTF and d′ were compared using one-way ANOVA. Results:The NPS average spatial frequency, spatial resolution and d′ values gradually decreased as the offset distance increased and the amount of noise increased. NPS peak at isocenter and deviations of 3 cm, 6 cm, 9 cm, 12 cm and 15 cm were (94.31±1.48), (104.25±1.46), (131.44±1.96), (171.86±1.91), (224.05±1.37), (286.51±2.09)HU 2·mm 2, respectively ( F=37 241.91, P<0.001). And d′ values of 2 mm low-contrast lesions were 3.51±0.06, 3.31±0.04, 3.01±0.04, 2.59±0.06, 2.21±0.03, 1.88±0.03, respectively. The reduction in spatial resolution was more pronounced for high contrast, and the d′ values decreased to a similar extent for various types of lesions. The noise was increased by about 82%, the high contrast spatial resolution was decreased by about 12%, and the d′ value was decreased by about 26% at 9 cm from the isocenter point (all P<0.05). The noise was increased by about 204%, the high contrast spatial resolution was decreased by about 27%, and the d′ value was decreased by about 45% at 15 cm from the isocenter (all P<0.05). Conclusion:The CT image quality was decreased with the increase of the offset distance from the CT isocenter point. The image quality was severely compromised at offset distances greater than 9 cm.

Objective To investigate the effect of IGF1R β subunit mutants sb-IGF1R and ma-IGF1R on the biological behavior of osteosarcoma 143B cells. Methods We designed and constructed sb-IGF1R and ma-IGF1R fragments. They were cloned into adenovirus AdEasy shuttle plasmid, to obtain Ad-sbIGF1R and Ad-maIGF1R. We observed the proliferation, migration and apoptosis of the osteosarcoma cells transfected with Ad-sbIGF1R, Ad-maIGF1R and Ad-IGF1R. The Ad-sbIGF1R, Ad-maIGF1R and Ad-GFP nude mouse models were constructed to evaluate the tumor growth in vitro. Results By plasmid PCR, IGF-1R β subunit mutant was overexpressed in osteosarcoma cells. Ad-sbIGF1R and Ad-maIGF1R significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of osteosarcoma cells, and promoted cell apoptosis, and inhibited tumor growth in subcutaneous tumor-bearing nude mouse models. Conclusion IGF1R β subunit mutants inhibit the proliferation and migration of osteosarcoma cells and induce cell apoptosis.

Objective:To explore personality change and its association with lncRNA expression of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with epilepsy.Methods:Fifty-eight epilepsy patients recruited by the convenient sampling were assessed utilizing personality diagnostic questionnaire(PDQ) for personality change screening.The expression levels of lncRNA in peripheral blood of study group and the controls were investigated by qRT-PCR.Descriptive statistical analysis, correlation analysis, regression analysis and ROC analysis were employed for data processing.Results:There were 9 of schizoid (S≥4), 11 of schizotypal(S≥5), 17 of paranoid (S≥4) and 15 of compulsive (S≥4) personality change in epilepsy patients, and 52 patients had different types personality changes(89.66%).Schizoid, schizotypal, paranoid and compulsive personality changes were negatively correlated with expression levels of NONHSAG012869(PR3), NONHSAT006265(PR4), ENST00000581634(PR6) and ENST00000524610(PR8) ( r=-0.46--0.71, P<0.05 or 0.01).PR1, PR3, and PR8 had significant predictive effects on schizoid personality change ( P<0.01), PR4, PR8 had a significant predictive effect on schizotypal personality change ( P<0.01), PR3, PR4 and PR6 had significant predictive effects on paranoid personality change( P<0.05), and PR4, PR5, PR8 had significant predictive effects on compulsive personality change ( P<0.05).The effects of lncRNAs on the personality change variance accounted for 0.36, 0.30, 0.40, 0.20 respectively.ROC curve analysis of the diagnostic value of lncRNA expression level on personality change in the epilepsy group showed that NONHSAG012869 (PR3), NONHSAT006265(PR4), ENST00000581634(PR6) and ENST00000524610(PR8) had certain diagnostic value for personality change.The area under curve(AUC)=0.650-0.682, P<0.05, 95% CI: 0.546-0.784. Conclusion:Schizoid, schizotypal, paranoid, and compulsive personality change are common in epileptic patients, and the expression level of peripheral blood lncRNA has a certain diagnostic value for personality change.

Objective To confirm expression alteration of long non-coding RNA( lncRNA) in pe-ripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of generalized anxiety disorder( GAD) patients and anti-anxiety treatment effects on aberrant expression of lncRNAs. Methods Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was employed in 80 GAD patients and 40 healthy participants to con-firm 10 aberrant lncRNAs screened by microarray expression profiling. And 26 out of all the 80 GAD patients were recruited for lncRNA expression level testing and Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA) assessments before and after 6 weeks’ treatment. Results Six of ten lncRNAs selected by array profiling (lncRNA4(7. 44± 2. 26),lncRNA5(6. 83±2. 28),lncRNA6(8. 09±2. 30),lncRNA8(9. 10±2. 36),lncRNA9(7. 66±2. 12), lncRNA10(7. 34±2. 12)) were verified by qRT-PCR that the lncRNA expression levels were significantly up regulated in GAD patients compared with healthy controls ( Z=-3. 022--1. 996,P<0. 05 or 0. 01),and lncRNA4(9. 73 ± 2. 53),lncRNA6 ( 9. 91 ± 2. 01), lncRNA8 ( 10. 48 ± 1. 68), lncRNA9 ( 9. 02 ± 1. 58), lncRNA10(9. 04 ± 2. 08) were down regulated significantly after 6 weeks’ anti-anxiety treatment ( Z=-3. 180--2. 530,P<0. 05 or 0. 01) along with signicant reduction of total HAMA score (11. 19±8. 37),di-mension scores of somatic anxiety(5. 31±4. 76),psychic anxiety(5. 88±3. 82) (t=5. 502-5. 971,P<0. 01). The alterations of lncRNA4,lncRNA6,lncRNA8,lncRNA9,lncRNA10 were positively correlated with that of HAMA total score and psychic anxiety score(r=0. 39-0. 69,P<0. 05 or 0. 01),and alteration of lncRNA6, lncRNA8,lncRNA10 had positive correlation with that of somatic anxiety score(r=0. 44-0. 59,P<0. 01). Conclusion The expression level of lncRNA4,lncRNA5,lncRNA6,lncRNA8,lncRNA9,lncRNA10 are up-regulation in PBMCs of GAD patients and anti-anxiety treatment can reverse the expression level of lncRNAs. Alteration of lncRNA expression has osculatory association with improvement of anxious symptom.

Objective To investigate and analyze the similarities of allergens in children of the same family with susceptibility to the same genetic background and environmental factors. Methods From January 2013 to December 2017,a total of 142 pairs of children with allergic diseases aged 0-15 years and their siblings ( 284 cases) were collected from the outpatient or hospitalized treatment of Pediatrics and otolaryngology department of the First People′s Hospital of Foshan City,the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University. The elder group was brother or sister (142 cases),and the younger group was brother or sister ( 142 cases ) . The serum allergen sIgE was tested by Allergy Screen allergen detection system (developed by Germany MEDIWISS Company) and the similarity of allergens was analyzed. Results A total of 142 siblings ( 284 cases ) had systemic symptoms of allergic diseases in varying degrees, including respiratory symptoms ( cough ( 47 cases in the old group,32 cases in the young group), χ2 ＝3. 946, P＝0. 047),nasal obstruction ( 41 cases in the old group,19 cases in the young group, χ2 ＝ 10. 227, P ＝0. 001),runny nose (46 cases in the old group,26 cases in the young group,χ2＝7. 442,P＝0. 006), gastrointestinal symptoms (abdominal pain (11cases in the old group,7 cases in the young group,χ2＝4. 63, P＝0. 031),skin symptoms(urticaria (18 cases in the old group,8 cases in the young group,χ2＝4. 234,P＝0. 037)) and so on,the difference was statistically significant. Some children have multiple organ system symptoms at the same time. There was no significant difference between the old group and the young group in the early use of antibiotics,mode of production and feeding mode within 6 months (all P＞0. 05). Among the two groups,house dust mite and cockroach (r＝0. 831,P＜0. 05),dog hair and house dust ( r＝0. 717,P＜0. 05),cypress,elm,willow,birch,oak,maple,walnut,sycamore,poplar and Dianqing,branching,yanqu, and heiqu ( r ＝ 0. 683, P＜ 0. 05 ) . Conclusion With the same genetic background and the same environmental factors,the allergens in siblings are similar.

Objective: To confirm expression alteration of long non-coding RNA(lncRNA) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of generalized anxiety disorder(GAD) patients and anti-anxiety treatment effects on aberrant expression of lncRNAs. Methods: Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was employed in 80 GAD patients and 40 healthy participants to confirm 10 aberrant lncRNAs screened by microarray expression profiling.And 26 out of all the 80 GAD patients were recruited for lncRNA expression level testing and Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA) assessments before and after 6 weeks’ treatment. Results: Six of ten lncRNAs selected by array profiling (lncRNA4(7.44±2.26), lncRNA5(6.83±2.28), lncRNA6(8.09±2.30), lncRNA8(9.10±2.36), lncRNA9(7.66±2.12), lncRNA10(7.34±2.12)) were verified by qRT-PCR that the lncRNA expression levels were significantly up regulated in GAD patients compared with healthy controls(Z=-3.022--1.996, P<0.05 or 0.01), and lncRNA4(9.73±2.53), lncRNA6(9.91±2.01), lncRNA8(10.48±1.68), lncRNA9(9.02±1.58), lncRNA10(9.04±2.08) were down regulated significantly after 6 weeks’ anti-anxiety treatment(Z=-3.180--2.530, P<0.05 or 0.01) along with signicant reduction of total HAMA score (11.19±8.37), dimension scores of somatic anxiety(5.31±4.76), psychic anxiety(5.88±3.82) (t=5.502-5.971, P<0.01). The alterations of lncRNA4, lncRNA6, lncRNA8, lncRNA9, lncRNA10 were positively correlated with that of HAMA total score and psychic anxiety score(r=0.39-0.69, P<0.05 or 0.01), and alteration of lncRNA6, lncRNA8, lncRNA10 had positive correlation with that of somatic anxiety score(r=0.44-0.59, P<0.01). Conclusion The expression level of lncRNA4, lncRNA5, lncRNA6, lncRNA8, lncRNA9, lncRNA10 are up-regulation in PBMCs of GAD patients and anti-anxiety treatment can reverse the expression level of lncRNAs. Alteration of lncRNA expression has osculatory association with improvement of anxious symptom.